專題04閱讀理解（記敘文議論文新聞報(bào)道）

專題04閱讀理解（記敘文+議論文+新聞報(bào)道）高頻話題01飲食健康Passage1[2025廣東省三校高三下學(xué)期2月第一次模擬考試一模]ThearomaoffreshlybakedbreadwaftedthroughtheairasIopenedmylunchboxtoseewhatmymomhadpreparedforme.Onanyotherday,Iwouldhaveeagerlydugintomymom’shomemadebreadafamilyrecipethatIoftenenjoyedathome.Butnottoday,thedayakindclassmatehadinvitedme,thenewstudent,tojoinherfriendsforlunch.AsIpreparedtowalkovertothetable,memoriesofpreviousschoollunchescamefloodingback.IrememberedfeelingselfconsciousasmyfriendswouldmakefaceswhenIbroughthomemadebread.Ihadonceinsistedthatmymompack?“regular”luncheslikestoreboughtsandwiches,andshehadreluctantlyagreed.Fromthenon,myluncheswerefilledwithtypicalschoolfare.However,thatday,shehadpackedaloafoffreshlybakedbreadfromthenightbefore.AssoonasIreachedthenewlunchtable,Itriedtohidemylunchboxundermyseat.Isatquietly,hopingnottodrawattentiontomyselfwhenEmily,anewfriend,askedwheremyfoodwas.?“I’mnotreallyhungry,”Irepliedinahesitantvoice.ButEmilyhadalreadyseenmewithmylunch,soshesaid,?“Then,I’lltryit!”Ididn’twanttoberude,soIreluctantlypulledoutmylunchbox.Ibracedmyselffortheirreactions,expectingthemtoturnuptheirnoses.Buttomysurprise,Emilytookasmallpieceofbreadandtookabite.Mynewfriendswereamazedathowdeliciousitwas.Theyhadn’texpectedhomemadebreadtotastesogood.Ifeltawaveofprideandgratitudewashoverme.WhenIgothomethatafternoon,mymomnoticedtheemptybreadcontainer.Shehesitatedbeforeasking,?“Howwasthefood?”Ipausedforamoment,thenreplied,?“Itwasperfect,Mom.Ifpossible,canIstillhaveyourhomemadebreadforlunchtomorrow?”1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword?“reluctantly”meaninparagraphtwo?A．Willingly.B．Hesitantly.C．Enthusiastically.D．Angrily.2．Whydidtheauthortrytohideherlunchboxunderherseatatthenewlunchtable?A．Shedidn’twanttoshareherfoodwithothers.B．Shewasafraidherfriendswouldmakefunofherhomemadebread.C．Shedidn’tfeelhungryandwantedtoavoideating.D．Shewasembarrassedbecauseshehadforgottenherlunch.3．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhernewfriendstastedthehomemadebread?A．Surprisedandembarrassed.B．Reluctantandunexpected.C．Proudandgrateful.D．Rudeandhesitant.4．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Theauthorwillcontinuetoenjoyhermom’shomemadebreadforlunch.B．Emilywastryingtoembarrasstheauthorbyaskingaboutherfood.C．Themotheralwayspackedleftoversfromdinnerforherchild.D．TheauthorexpectedEmilytodislikethehomemadebread.【答案】1．B2．B3．C4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者原本因怕同學(xué)嘲笑媽媽做的自制面包而抵觸，后來(lái)新同學(xué)品嘗后贊不絕口，作者決定繼續(xù)享受媽媽做的面包。1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“Onanyotherday,Iwouldhaveeagerlydugintomymom’shomemadebreadafamilyrecipethatIoftenenjoyedathome.(在其他任何一天，我都會(huì)迫不及待地啃著媽媽自制的面包——這是我經(jīng)常在家里享用的家庭食譜。)”可知，作者之前一直是吃媽媽自制的面包，并且非常喜歡。結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Ihadonceinsistedthatmymompack?‘regular’luncheslikestoreboughtsandwiches,andshehadreluctantlyagreed.(我曾經(jīng)堅(jiān)持讓媽媽給我準(zhǔn)備像商店買的三明治那樣的“普通”午餐，她reluctantly地同意了。)”中“insisted”可推知，對(duì)于作者突然提出要“商店買的三明治”的要求，習(xí)慣了給孩子自制面包的媽媽是不情愿的，在作者的堅(jiān)持下才勉強(qiáng)同意。由此推知，reluctantly的意思應(yīng)是“不情愿地、猶豫地”，與B項(xiàng)“Hesitantly”同義。故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“IrememberedfeelingselfconsciousasmyfriendswouldmakefaceswhenIbroughthomemadebread.(我記得當(dāng)我?guī)ё灾泼姘鼤r(shí)，朋友們會(huì)做鬼臉，我會(huì)感到很不自在。)”和第三段“AssoonasIreachedthenewlunchtable,Itriedtohidemylunchboxundermyseat.(我一到新的午餐桌旁，就試圖把我的午餐盒藏在座位下面。)”可知，作者藏午餐盒是怕朋友嘲笑她的自制面包。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ifeltawaveofprideandgratitudewashoverme.(我感到一陣自豪和感激涌上心頭。)”可知，新朋友品嘗自制面包后，作者感到自豪和感激。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ Ipausedforamoment,thenreplied,?“Itwasperfect,Mom.Ifpossible,canIstillhaveyourhomemadebreadforlunchtomorrow?”(我停了一下，然后回答說(shuō)：‘媽媽，這太棒了。如果可以的話，明天午餐我還能吃你做的自制面包嗎?’)”可推斷出，作者將繼續(xù)享用媽媽做的自制面包當(dāng)午餐。故選A項(xiàng)。Passage2[2025江蘇省南京市、鹽城市高三上學(xué)期一模]Morethan20yearsago,YungChiCheng,aYaleprofessorindrugdevelopmentforcancer,hadapioneeringidea:whatifhecouldunlockthepotentialofancientChinesemedicinesfortreatingcancer?Whatifhecoulddesignbotanicaldrugsthatwouldmaketraditionalcancertreatmentsworkbetter?Noonehaddoneitbefore.Fellowresearchersandexpertsadvisedhimtochangecourse,becausedevelopingbotanicaldrugswastooplicatedandtoorisky.ButChengdidn’tlettheideago.Now,inalandmarkmomentincancerresearch,Chengandresearchpartnersarelaunchingthefirstinternationalclinicaltrialforabotanicaldrug,YIV906.ShwuHucyLiu,apostdoctoralresearcherinCheng’sYalelab,spenthoursleafingthroughancientChinesetextsatYale’slibraryseekingthepropertiesofChineseherbs.ShereturnedwithHuangQinTang,a1,800yearoldtreatmentforstomachillnesses,basedonwhichtheteamdevelopedadrugandtesteditononethousandmice.Whatfollowedwereyearsofadditionaltestingofthedrug’seffectivenessforarangeofcancersinmultiplehumanstudiesinvolvingover200patients.Thepositiveeffectsdisplayedagainandagain,YIV906notonlyreducedthesideeffectsofradiationtreatment,butalsoledtofasterrecoveryandlongersurvivalrates.Alltheyneednowarelargerdatasets.Whentheresultsoftheinternationaltrialareavailableaboutthreeyearsfromnow,YIV906mayfinditselfnextinalonglineofbreakthroughdrugsdevelopedfromnaturalproducts,whichincludesamalaria(瘧疾)treatmentdevelopedfromtheChineseherbqinghao,thediscoveryofwhichledtoaNobelPrizeforchemistTuYouyou.Ithasbeenalongjourney,butifChengandhisteamaresuccessful,itcouldcreateanewapproachfortreatingcancer.Theycalledthenewapproach“WE”medicine,abinationofWesternmedicineandEasternmedicine.“It’satotallynewmodel.I’vemetwithalotofdoubt,butthinktheresultswillspeakforthemselves,”Chengsaid.1．WhatdidfellowresearchersinitiallythinkofCheng’sresearch?A．Creative. B．prehensive. C．Conventional. D．Challenging.2．WhydidLiurefertoancientChinesetexts?A．Shewantedtoquestionancienttreatmentmethods.B．Shedesiredtofindinspirationfortreatingdiseases.C．ShetriedtodocumentthehistoryofChineseherbs.D．Shedeterminedtofindacureforstomachillnesses.3．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Stepsofthedrugtesting. B．TheapplicationofYIV906.C．Effectsoftheclinicaltrial. D．TheeffectivenessofYIY906.4．WhydoestheauthormentionChineseherbqinghao?A．Toillustratethevalueofbotanicaldrugs.B．Toadvocatetheadoptionof“WE”medicine.C．TopraiseTu’scontributionstodrugdevelopment.D．Tohighlightitssuccessinmedicinedevelopment.【答案】1．D2．B3．D4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了耶魯大學(xué)癌癥藥物開(kāi)發(fā)教授鄭永齊研究一種新的治療癌癥的方法。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Fellowresearchersandexpertsadvisedhimtochangecourse,becausedevelopingbotanicaldrugswastooplicatedandtoorisky.ButChengdidn’tlettheideago.(其他研究人員和專家建議他改變路線，因?yàn)殚_(kāi)發(fā)植物藥物太復(fù)雜，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)太大。但是鄭永齊并沒(méi)有放棄這個(gè)想法)”可推知，研究人員最初認(rèn)為鄭永齊的研究是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選D項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ShwuHucyLiu,apostdoctoralresearcherinCheng’sYalelab,spenthoursleafingthroughancientChinesetextsatYale’slibraryseekingthepropertiesofChineseherbs.ShereturnedwithHuangQinTang,a1,800ycaroldtreatmentforstomachillnesses,basedonwhichtheteamdevelopedadrugandtesteditononethousandmice.(鄭永齊在耶魯大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的博士后研究員劉淑惠（音譯）花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)在耶魯大學(xué)圖書(shū)館翻閱中國(guó)古代文獻(xiàn)，尋找中草藥的特性。她帶著黃芩湯回來(lái)了，黃芩湯是一種有1800年歷史的治療胃病的藥物，研究小組以此為基礎(chǔ)開(kāi)發(fā)了一種藥物，并在1000只老鼠身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試)”可推知，劉淑惠參考中國(guó)古代文獻(xiàn)是因?yàn)樗Ｍ业街委熂膊〉撵`感。故選B項(xiàng)。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Whatfollowedwereyearsofadditionaltestingofthedrug’seffectivenessforarangeofcancersinmultiplehumanstudiesinvolvingover200patients.Thepositiveeffectsdisplayedagainandagain,YIV906notonlyreducedthesideeffectsofradiationtreatment,butalsoledtofasterrecoveryandlongersurvivalrates.(接下來(lái)的幾年里，科學(xué)家們?cè)谏婕?00多名患者的多項(xiàng)人體研究中，對(duì)這種藥物對(duì)一系列癌癥的有效性進(jìn)行了額外的測(cè)試。YIV906不僅減少了放射治療的副作用，而且恢復(fù)得更快，生存率更長(zhǎng)，積極的效果一次又一次地顯示出來(lái))”可知，第三段主要講了YIV906的有效性。故選D項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whentheresultsoftheinternationaltrialareavailableaboutthreeyearsfromnow,YIV906mayfinditselfnextinalonglineofbreakthroughdrugsdevelopedfromnaturalproducts,whichincludesamalaria(瘧疾)treatmentdevelopedfromtheChineseherbginghao,thediscoveryofwhichledtoaNobelPrizeforchemistTuYouyou.(大約三年后，當(dāng)國(guó)際試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果公布時(shí)，YIV906可能會(huì)成為從天然產(chǎn)物中開(kāi)發(fā)的一長(zhǎng)串突破性藥物中的下一個(gè)，其中包括從中藥青蒿中開(kāi)發(fā)的一種治療瘧疾的藥物，該藥物的發(fā)現(xiàn)使化學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng))”可推知，作者提到中藥青蒿是為了說(shuō)明植物性藥物的價(jià)值。故選A項(xiàng)。高頻話題02哲理感悟Passage1[2025屆安徽省合肥市高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]Itwasmybirthday,andIwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:WatchingtheannualPerseidmeteorshower(流星雨).Butthistime,asthemeteorsflashedacrossthesky,I,ajuniorgirl,begantoquestion,“Couldmylifelongloveforastronomybemorethanahobby?”Igrewupinasmalltown,whereevengraduatingfromhighschoolwasnotagivenformanystudents.ButIwasdriventopursuemyeducation,andlikemybestfriend’sdad—apharmacist(藥劑師),oneofthefewprofessionalrolemodelsinmyneighborhood,therefore,Ichosetomajorinpharmacy,thescienceofpreparingmedicines,attheUniversityofNorthCarolina.Theuniversitywasonlya3.5hourdriveaway,butitfeltacrosstheuniverse.IntheweekssinceIbeganmypharmacydegree,IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPhDsindifferentbranchesofscienceIhadneverconsidered—neuroscience,archaeology,andevenastrophysics.TheirpassionandknowledgeopenedmyeyestoworldsIhadneverimagined.AsmybirthdayandthePerseidmeteorshowerapproached,Iwasfacedwithadecision:ShouldIsticktomylongstandingplansortakeastepintotheunknown?Ultimately,asolareclipse(日食)helpedmemakemydecision.AstheMoongraduallyshaded

theSun,theworlddarkenedaroundme.Thestillnessofthewater,thedesperatecallsofbirds,andthefadingsunsetdeeplymovedme.IknewwhatIhadtodo.Idroppedoutofpharmacyschooltopursuepreviouslyunimaginedoptions.Facingyearsofchallengesandgrowth,Iworkedoddjobsbeforeearningaseconddegreeinphysics,startingaPhDinastronomy,andrealizedthatthenightsky’svastnessinspiredmetooveredoubtsandfollowmydreams.AsIapproachthefinalyearofmyPhD,Irealizethatgrowingupwiththenightskygavemeavaluablegift.Itgavemeaninsightintolife:Onthescaleofourvastuniverse,ourindividualneeds,desires,fears,andinsecuritiesshrinktoinsignificance,bringinghumanitytogether.Itliberatedmefromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orselfdoubttostandinthewayofpursuingnewdreams.1．Whatmotivatedtheauthortomajorinpharmacy?A．Herambitiontobeeadoctor.B．Theencouragementofherfriend.C．HerchildhoodpassionforpharmacyD．Theinfluenceofherbestfriend’sfather.2．Howdidtheauthor’sexperienceatuniversityshapeher?A．Ithelpedhersticktoherbelief.B．Itopenedhermindtonewideas.C．Itenhancedherpharmacystudy.D．Itdevelopedherthinkingabilities.3．Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sunderstandingoflife?A．Acceptinginsecuritieshelpsushandlechallenges.B．Personalproblemsstillmatterinthevastuniverse.C．It’svitaltopursuedreamsdespitepersonalchallenges.D．Itissmallandunimportantthingsthatmeanalottous.4．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Caringandpatient. B．Modestandhonest.C．Generousandhelpful. D．Curiousanddetermined.【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在追求藥學(xué)學(xué)位的過(guò)程中，因?qū)μ煳膶W(xué)的熱愛(ài)和一次日食的經(jīng)歷，最終決定追隨夢(mèng)想，轉(zhuǎn)行投身天文學(xué)的故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ButIwasdriventopursuemyeducation,andlikemybestfriend’sdad—apharmacist,oneofthefewprofessionalrolemodelsinmyneighborhood,therefore,Ichosetomajorinpharmacy,thescienceofpreparingmedicines,attheUniversityofNorthCarolina.(但我被驅(qū)使著追求我的教育，就像我最好的朋友的父親——我們社區(qū)中少數(shù)幾位職業(yè)楷模之一的藥劑師那樣，因此我選擇了在北卡羅來(lái)納大學(xué)主修藥學(xué)，即調(diào)配藥物的科學(xué)。)”可知，作者選擇藥學(xué)專業(yè)受到了她最好的朋友的父親的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPhDsindifferentbranchesofscienceIhadneverconsidered—neuroscience,archaeology,andevenastrophysics.TheirpassionandknowledgeopenedmyeyestoworldsIhadneverimagined.(我遇到了從事不同科學(xué)分支工作的人們和博士，這些是我從未考慮過(guò)的領(lǐng)域——神經(jīng)科學(xué)、考古學(xué)，甚至是天體物理學(xué)。他們的熱情和知識(shí)打開(kāi)了我對(duì)未曾想象過(guò)的世界的眼界。)”可知，進(jìn)入大學(xué)后作者了解到更多的領(lǐng)域，而且從事這些不同學(xué)科的人的激情打開(kāi)了作者的眼界，由此可知，大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷為作者打開(kāi)了新思路。故選B項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Facingyearsofchallengesandgrowth,Iworkedoddjobsbeforeearningaseconddegreeinphysics,startingaPhDinastronomy,andrealizedthatthenightsky’svastnessinspiredmetooveredoubtsandfollowmydreams.(面對(duì)多年的挑戰(zhàn)與成長(zhǎng)，我在獲得第二個(gè)學(xué)位——物理學(xué)學(xué)位之前做過(guò)各種臨時(shí)工作，隨后開(kāi)始了天文學(xué)的博士學(xué)位學(xué)習(xí)，并意識(shí)到夜空的廣袤激勵(lì)我克服了疑慮，追隨自己的夢(mèng)想。)”以及下文的“Itliberatedmefromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orselfdoubttostandinthewayofpursuingnewdreams.(它使我擺脫了讓塵世的憂慮、羞恥或自我懷疑阻礙追求新的夢(mèng)想。)”可知，作者在獲得第二學(xué)位后轉(zhuǎn)到天文學(xué)博士學(xué)位學(xué)習(xí)，并且廣袤的夜空幫助作者克服疑慮去追隨自己的夢(mèng)想，由此可知，作者認(rèn)為盡管面臨個(gè)人挑戰(zhàn)，追求夢(mèng)想是非常重要的。故選C項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“IntheweekssinceIbeganmypharmacydegree,IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPhDsindifferentbranchesofscienceIhadneverconsidered—neuroscience,archaeology,andevenastrophysics.TheirpassionandknowledgeopenedmyeyestoworldsIhadneverimagined.AsmybirthdayandthePerseidmeteorshowerapproached,Iwasfacedwithadecision:ShouldIsticktomylongstandingplansortakeastepintotheunknown?(在我開(kāi)始藥學(xué)學(xué)位的幾周里，我遇到了一些從事我從未考慮過(guò)的不同科學(xué)領(lǐng)域工作的人們——神經(jīng)科學(xué)、考古學(xué)，甚至是天體物理學(xué)——他們中有擁有博士學(xué)位的專業(yè)人士。他們的熱情和知識(shí)為我打開(kāi)了通往未曾想象過(guò)的世界的大門。隨著我的生日和英仙座流星雨的臨近，我面臨著一個(gè)抉擇：我是應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的計(jì)劃，還是邁出一步進(jìn)入未知的領(lǐng)域？)”可知，作者遇到了從事不同科學(xué)分支工作的人們，這些經(jīng)歷打開(kāi)了她的眼界，體現(xiàn)了她對(duì)新知識(shí)和領(lǐng)域的探索欲，作者在生日時(shí)觀看一年一度的英仙座流星雨，并開(kāi)始思考自己對(duì)天文學(xué)的熱愛(ài)是否可以超越愛(ài)好，這顯示了她對(duì)宇宙的好奇心；結(jié)合尾段或者的“Facingyearsofchallengesandgrowth,Iworkedoddjobsbeforeearningaseconddegreeinphysics,startingaPhDinastronomy,andrealizedthatthenightsky’svastnessinspiredmetooveredoubtsandfollowmydreams.(面對(duì)多年的挑戰(zhàn)與成長(zhǎng)，我在獲得第二個(gè)學(xué)位——物理學(xué)學(xué)位之前做過(guò)各種臨時(shí)工作，隨后開(kāi)始了天文學(xué)的博士學(xué)位學(xué)習(xí)，并意識(shí)到夜空的廣袤激勵(lì)我克服了疑慮，追隨自己的夢(mèng)想。)”可知，作者意識(shí)到夜空的廣袤激勵(lì)她克服疑慮，追隨夢(mèng)想。這表明了她在追逐夢(mèng)想道路上的堅(jiān)定不移，綜合以上信息可知，作者擁有一個(gè)既好奇又堅(jiān)定的性格。故選D項(xiàng)。Passage2[2025·浙江紹興·一模]Asakid,IdreamedofbeingamarinebiologistandIlivedoutthisfantasybysettingupaquariumsathome.Then,at20,IwasintroducedtophotographerDavidLiittschwager,whohiredmetohelphimwithamagazineassignmentonmarinelife.David’sassignmentwastodocumenttheamazingbiodiversityfoundintheocean.Myrolewastocollectspecimensforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysteriouscreatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I’dthensetupaquariumstohousethemastheywaitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.ThoseeveningsmademefeelasifIwereonanotherplanet.Ihadneverimaginedsuchstrangelifeformscouldexistinouroceans.ButIdidn’tgraspthetruemagicofwhatwasinfrontofmeuntilIsawthephotographsDavidtook.Thebiggestsurprisewashisimageofababyflounder.Icaughtthisfishbyaccident.OnlylaterdidInoticeitstwotinyeyeballsstaringbackatme.ButDavid’sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs(肋骨).Thelightningfastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkeling(潛泳)onashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbabyflounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustolookattheworldfromnewperspectives.1．Whatwastheauthor’sroleinthemagazineassignment?A．Photographingthemarinelife.B．Documentingtheamazingbiodiversity.C．Buildinganaquariumformarineresearch.D．Attractingandgatheringspeciesofmarinelife.2．Whatsurprisedtheauthorabouttheimageofababyflounder?A．Theadvancedtechniquesoflighting.B．Thestrangeappearanceofthesmallfish.C．Theaccuratedisplayofitsprehensivedetails.D．Theunexpectedeffectofbackgroundprocessing.3．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．Helaunchedalocalsnorkelingproject.B．Heachievedhisdreambytakingupphotography.C．Theprojectmotivatedhimtostartoceanresearch.D．Theexperiencechangedhisviewofphotography.4．Whatisthetruemagicofphotography?A．Torecordanobservationresult.B．Tohelppeopleseetheworldanew.C．Toshareone’sspecificexperience.D．Torevealvisiblewondersoftheworld.【答案】1．D2．C3．D4．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者在協(xié)助攝影師DavidLiittschwager拍攝海洋生物的過(guò)程中，改變了對(duì)攝影的看法，認(rèn)識(shí)到攝影不僅是記錄，還能拓展視覺(jué)感知。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Myrolewastocollectspecimensforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysteriouscreatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I’dthensetupaquariumstohousethemastheywaitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.(我的職責(zé)是收集標(biāo)本供他拍照。每天晚上，我都會(huì)投一盞浮燈。就像飛蛾被火焰吸引一樣，神秘的生物會(huì)從深處出現(xiàn)，尋找這種光。然后，我為它們搭建了水族館，讓它們?cè)诘却笮l(wèi)拍攝時(shí)棲息)”可知，作者的任務(wù)是吸引和收集海洋生物的物種，供David的拍照。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“ButDavid’sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs(肋骨).Thelightningfastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.(但大衛(wèi)的這張比目魚(yú)照片揭示了一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)的宇宙，即使是我熱切的眼睛也錯(cuò)過(guò)了。他的微距鏡頭放大了它的肋骨。閃電般的曝光凍結(jié)了它的運(yùn)動(dòng)。一束精確瞄準(zhǔn)的光線釋放出隱藏在它皮膚里的彩虹。黑色背景消除了所有干擾，使我們的注意力集中在眼前的寧?kù)o美景上)”可知，大衛(wèi)的照片展示了比目魚(yú)的許多細(xì)節(jié)，這些細(xì)節(jié)是作者之前沒(méi)有注意到的。由此可知，作者對(duì)小比目魚(yú)的照片感到驚訝是因?yàn)樗故玖巳娴募?xì)節(jié)。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustolookattheworldfromnewperspectives.(在為大衛(wèi)工作之前，我曾認(rèn)為攝影的目標(biāo)只是再現(xiàn)觀察結(jié)果，以便其他人可以分享同樣的經(jīng)歷。我從未想過(guò)攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺(jué)感知，從而教會(huì)我們從新的角度看待世界)”可知，在為大衛(wèi)工作之前，作者認(rèn)為攝影的目標(biāo)僅僅是再現(xiàn)觀察，以便其他人分享相同的體驗(yàn)。但這段經(jīng)歷讓他意識(shí)到攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺(jué)感知，教我們從新的視角看待世界。由此推可知，這次經(jīng)歷改變了作者對(duì)攝影的看法。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustolookattheworldfromnewperspectives.(我從未想過(guò)攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺(jué)感知，從而教會(huì)我們從新的角度看待世界)”可推知，攝影的真正魔力在于幫助人們以新的視角看待世界。故選B。Passage3[2025·浙江嵊州·一模]WhenIbegantheOrangeStreetNewsinNovemberof2014,Ihadonlyonesubscriber,mygrandma.Shepaid$1forayearsubscription.MysecondsubscriberwasmyneighborSue.Thosefirstfewmonthswereprettyslow.IrememberedknockingondoorsupanddownOrangeStreetinthefreezingcoldhandingoutthefreepapersIhadmadefrommyhomeputer.Igotalotof“ohisn’tshecute”looksbutnotalotofsubscribers.Lookingback,Iunderstandpeopleweren’texactlydyingtoreadstorieslikemybabysisterbeingbornandmyneighbortalkingabouthowbaddormroomssmell!EverythingchangedonedayinAprilof2016.ThatwasthedaywhentheOrangeStreetNewswasthefirsttoreportthatamurderhappenedinmymunity.PeoplearoundthecountrywerereallyshockedthatIgotthatstory.Butstill,alotofpeoplegotupsetthatsomeonesoyoungwasreportingonsomethingsoserious.Theywerejustlookingatmyage,notmyreporting.Ireportedthefactstothepeople.Therightfacts.That’sthejobofareporterandItookitseriously.Sincebreakingthestoryofthemurder,I’vepublishedhundredsofstoriesandbrokencountlessexclusive.Imadesuretokeepreportingstraightnews.Ineverputmyopiniononnewsstory.Andasmyreportinggrew,sodidmyreaders.Andsomanyothergreatthingshappenedtoo.IgotabookdealwithScholastic.Peopleareevenmakingatelevisionshowbasedonmylife.WhentheOrangeStreetNewshittheonemillionhitsmark,Ifeltshocked.ThisissomethingIneverexpected.Icouldn’thelpbutthinkbacktothatfirstsubscription,theoneIsoldtomygrandma.Shewasmyfirstsupporter.Sincethen,somanymorepeoplewhoI’venevermetandwhodon’tknowmebegantosupportme.FirstinSelinsgrove.Thenpeoplefromallacrossthecountry.ItisallofyouwhomaketheOrangeStreetNewspossible.1．Whydidthewriterhavefewsubscribersatthebeginning?A．Theyearlysubscriptionfeewashigh. B．Theinitialstorieswerenotappealing.C．Neighborswereattractedbyhercutelook. D．Knockingondoorsdisturbedtheneighbors.2．Whatchangesdidthereportingin2016bringtothewriter?A．Thepapergainedgreatpopularity. B．Thepaperissuedonemillioncopies.C．Thewritermadeatelevisionshow. D．ThewriterwroteabookonScholastic.3．Whatcountsmostasareporterinthewriter’seye?A．Breakthestory. B．Coverseriousnews.C．Getthestorystraight. D．Stateopinionsonnewsstory.4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toinspirereaderstobeereporters. B．Tosharehersecretofbreakingexclusive.C．ToadvertisetheOrangeStreetNews. D．Toexpressgratitudetohersupporters.【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者自己創(chuàng)辦《橙街新聞》的經(jīng)歷，包括起初訂閱者寥寥的艱難起步階段，因報(bào)道一起謀殺案而迎來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，后續(xù)不斷發(fā)展壯大，以及達(dá)到百萬(wàn)點(diǎn)擊量后的感慨，表達(dá)了對(duì)一路走來(lái)支持自己的人的感激之情。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Lookingback,Iunderstandpeopleweren’texactlydyingtoreadstorieslikemybabysisterbeingbornandmyneighbortalkingabouthowbaddormroomssmell!”(回想起來(lái)，我明白人們并不是特別渴望讀到像我妹妹出生和我鄰居談?wù)撍奚岱块g有多臭這樣的故事！)”可知，訂閱者少是因?yàn)橐婚_(kāi)始故事內(nèi)容不夠吸引人。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“EverythingchangedonedayinAprilof2016.ThatwasthedaywhentheOrangeStreetNewswasthefirsttoreportthatamurderhappenedinmymunity.(2016年4月的一天，一切都變了。那天，《橙街新聞》是第一個(gè)報(bào)道我們社區(qū)發(fā)生謀殺案的媒體。)”以及第三段中“Andasmyreportinggrew,sodidmyreaders.(隨著我的報(bào)道越來(lái)越多，我的讀者也越來(lái)越多。)”可知，2016年對(duì)那起謀殺案的報(bào)道使報(bào)紙?jiān)絹?lái)越受歡迎，讀者增多了，也就是獲得了極大的知名度。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ireportedthefactstothepeople.Therightfacts.That’sthejobofareporterandItookitseriously.(我把事實(shí)報(bào)告給了人們。正確的事實(shí)。那是記者的工作，我認(rèn)真對(duì)待了。)”以及第三段中“Imadesuretokeepreportingstraightnews.Ineverputmyopiniononnewsstory.(我確保一直報(bào)道真實(shí)新聞。我從不在新聞故事中摻雜個(gè)人意見(jiàn)。)”可推斷出，在作者眼中，作為記者要如實(shí)報(bào)道事實(shí)，把事實(shí)弄準(zhǔn)確是最重要的。故選C。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhentheOrangeStreetNewshittheonemillionhitsmark,Ifeltshocked.ThisissomethingIneverexpected.Icouldn’thelpbutthinkbacktothatfirstsubscription,theoneIsoldtomygrandma.Shewasmyfirstsupporter.Sincethen,somanymorepeoplewhoI’venevermetandwhodon’tknowmebegantosupportme.FirstinSelinsgrove.Thenpeoplefromallacrossthecountry.ItisallofyouwhomaketheOrangeStreetNewspossible.(當(dāng)橙街新聞點(diǎn)擊量達(dá)到一百萬(wàn)時(shí)，我感到震驚。這是我從未預(yù)料到的。我忍不住回想起那份第一份訂閱，那是我賣給我奶奶的。她是我第一個(gè)支持者。從那以后，這么多從未見(jiàn)過(guò)我、也不認(rèn)識(shí)我的人開(kāi)始支持我。起初是在塞爾因斯格羅夫。然后是全國(guó)各地的人。正是你們所有人讓橙街新聞成為可能。)”可知，作者在表達(dá)對(duì)眾多支持者的感激，感謝他們讓這份報(bào)紙得以發(fā)展，所以目的是向支持者表達(dá)感激之情。故選D。Passage4[2025·浙江湖州、麗水、衢州·一模]Iswitchedtoaflipphone(翻蓋).Itvastlyimprovedmylife.IfeltemptyandfrustratedathowmuchtimeIspentonmysmartphone.SoIspentthelastfiveyearssteadilystrippingmyphonedowntothebasics.Socialmediawasthefirsttogo,thenemail,thennewsapps,andtheneveninternetbrowsers.Ilongconsideredswitchingtoaflipphone,butIalwaysfoundanexcusetostay.Ultimatelyitwastwoofmystudents,15and18yearoldsisters,whopushedmeovertheedge.Wordspreadaroundschoolthattheyhadboughtflipphones.Iftheywerebraveenoughtotaketheplunge,Icould,too.Ispent$9onaflipphone,plus$120forayearofunlimitedtalkandtextonanewnumber.Forthelastfivemonths,Ihaven’tcarriedasmartphonewithme,justmyflipphone.Thisisthecharming,romanticsideofowningaflipphone:moreconversations,moreeyecontact,moreconnection.Theseparationbetweenworkandlifeismuchmorenoticeable.Idon’toverthinkworkemailsallday,sinceInolongercarrymyworkemailinmypocket.Iamlivingmorelikemycreative,curious,phonefreechildren.Thisallsoundswonderfulbecauseitiswonderful.Andnowit’sconfessiontime:Istillhavemysmartphone.Asitturnsout,ouraddictiontosmartphonesisnotjustonanindividuallevel.Intentionallyornot,wehavebuiltstructuresthatdependuponsmartphoneaccess,makingitanessentialfeatureofmodernlife.Whilemostoftheflipphoneinconveniencesarecharming,someofthemaresofrustratingthattheymakeyouwanttopullyourhairout.Despitethat,IwillcontinuetouseaflipphoneasmyprimaryphonesoIdon’thavetocarryasmartphonewithme.AndIwillcontinuetoevangelizeforit.Ihopemanyothersgetflipphones.Wewillallbebetterforit.Ifnothingelse,it’llbenicetohavemorepeopletotalktointhegroceryline.1．Whatdrovetheauthortoswitchtoaflipphone?A．Disturbanceofsocialmedia.B．Overspenttimeonhissmartphone.C．Inspirationfromhisstudents.D．Negativefeelingstosmartphones.2．Whathappenedaftertheauthorusedaflipphone?A．Hegotlessworkassignments.B．Hehadmoreinteractionwithpeople.C．Hespentmoretimewithhischildren.D．Helivedamoreromanticlife.3．Whyisitdifficulttostopusingsmartphonespletelynowadays?A．Theyserveasavitaltool.B．Theymakepeopleoverthink.C．Theyrepresentthemodernlife.D．Theybringpeoplemanyprofits.4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Toadvisereaderstouseaflipphone.B．Toadvocatelivingwithoutasmartphone.C．Toinformreadersofaflipphone’sadvantages.D．Tostressthedisadvantagesofhavingasmartphone.【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章作者通過(guò)分享自己換成翻蓋的經(jīng)歷，表達(dá)了對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技生活方式的反思和對(duì)更簡(jiǎn)單、更專注于人際交往的生活方式的向往。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ultimatelyitwastwoofmystudents,15and18yearoldsisters,whopushedmeovertheedge.Wordspreadaroundschoolthattheyhadboughtflipphones.Iftheywerebraveenoughtotaketheplunge,Icould,too.(最終，是我的兩名學(xué)生，一對(duì)15歲和18歲的姐妹，讓我下定了決心。學(xué)校里傳言她們買了翻蓋。如果她們有足夠的勇氣邁出這一步，我也可以。)”可知，作者兩個(gè)學(xué)生買了翻蓋這件事促使作者換成了翻蓋。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisisthecharming,romanticsideofowningaflipphone:moreconversations,moreeyecontact,moreconnection.(擁有翻蓋有著迷人且浪漫的一面：更多的交談，更多的眼神交流，更多的聯(lián)系。)”可知，作者在使用翻蓋后有了更多的交談、眼神交流和聯(lián)系，說(shuō)明他與人的互動(dòng)增多了。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Intentionallyornot,wehavebuiltstructuresthatdependuponsmartphoneaccess,makingitanessentialfeatureofmodernlife.(無(wú)論有意還是無(wú)意，我們已經(jīng)建立起了依賴智能的結(jié)構(gòu)，使其成為現(xiàn)代生活不可或缺的一部分。)”可知，智能現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)重要的工具，因此完全停止使用智能是很困難的。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Despitethat,IwillcontinuetouseaflipphoneasmyprimaryphonesoIdon’thavetocarryasmartphonewithme.AndIwillcontinuetoevangelizeforit.Ihopemanyothersgetflipphones.Wewillallbebetterforit.(盡管如此，我還是會(huì)繼續(xù)把翻蓋當(dāng)作主力使用，這樣我就不用隨身攜帶智能了。我會(huì)繼續(xù)為它代言。我希望更多人使用翻蓋。這對(duì)我們所有人都有好處。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，作者在文章中分享了自己換成翻蓋的經(jīng)歷，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這種的好處，如更多的交談、眼神交流和聯(lián)系等。最后，作者表示將繼續(xù)使用翻蓋，并希望更多人也能使用翻蓋。因此，作者的目的是建議讀