2023-2024學(xué)年四川省成都市蓉城名校聯(lián)盟高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省成都市蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A“PlayingShop”SocialActivityChildrenareinvitedtogetbehindtheshopcounter(柜臺(tái))ofSusannahPlaceMuseum,recreated1915shop.Thisisagoodtimeforyourchildrentoputonanapron(圍裙)andbecomeshopkeepers.Theylearnhowtowrap(包裹)anegg,weighoutgoodsonascale(秤)andcountinpoundsandshillings(先令)!Suitableforthechildrenbetween5and7,thePlayingShopactivitywillseeyourchildren:■Useanold-fashionedshopscale.■Wrapgoods.■Fillanorderandmakeadelivery(配送).TicketsforPlayingShoparenowonsalethrough.Choosefromthefollowingperiods:9:15a.m.-10:30a.m.or10:45a.m.-12p.m.onWednesday,May12,2023.9:30a.m.-10:45a.m.or11:00a.m.-12:15p.m.onFriday,May21,2023.Pleasenotechildrenmustbeaccompanied(陪伴)byanadult.YoucancontinueyourfunatSusannahPlaceMuseumbyjoiningaguidedtourat2p.m.,3p.m.and4p.m.atanadditional(額外的)costontheday.1.Whomightthearticlebeintendedfor?A.5to7-year-oldkids. B.Parents.C.Middleschoolstudents. D.Collegestudents.2.Howlongwillchildrenworkasshopkeepersinthisactivity?A.For45minutes. B.Foronehour. C.For65minutes. D.For75minutes.3.Whatcanchildrendointhisactivity?A.Useafashionablescale.B.Weighoutgoodsandcountmoney.C.Continuefunatamuseumforfree.D.Wrapgoodsforcustomersandaccompanythemhome.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)名為“PlayingShop”的社交活動(dòng)，該活動(dòng)邀請(qǐng)孩子們?cè)赟usannahPlaceMuseum的1915年風(fēng)格重現(xiàn)的商店柜臺(tái)后面扮演店主，學(xué)習(xí)如何包裹雞蛋、用秤稱重商品以及以英鎊和先令計(jì)數(shù)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisagoodtimeforyourchildrentoputonanapron(圍裙)andbecomeshopkeepers.(這是你的孩子們穿上圍裙成為店主的好時(shí)機(jī))”可推知，這篇文章可能是寫給孩子父母的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Choosefromthefollowingperiods:9:15a.m.-10:30a.m.or10:45a.m.-12p.m.onWednesday,May12,2023.9:30a.m.-10:45a.m.or11:00a.m.-12:15p.m.onFriday,May21,2023.(從以下時(shí)段中進(jìn)行選擇：2023年5月12日（星期三上午9:15-10:30或上午10:45到下午12:00。2023年5月21日星期五上午9:30-10:45或上午11:00到下午12:15)”可知，他們?cè)谶@項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中擔(dān)任店主75分鐘。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theylearnhowtowrap(包裹)anegg,weighoutgoodsonascale(秤)andcountinpoundsandshillings(先令)!(他們學(xué)習(xí)如何包裹雞蛋，用秤稱重商品，以及如何用英鎊和先令計(jì)數(shù))”可知，孩子們?cè)谶@個(gè)活動(dòng)中能用秤稱重商品，以及如何用英鎊和先令計(jì)數(shù)。故選B項(xiàng)。BI’velivedinCardiganBay(卡迪根海灣)inWestWalessinceIwasafewmonthsold.You’vegoteverythingyouneedhere.Hills,stunningbeaches,nicecoastalpaths.Assomeonewholovesthecountryside,I’veneverwantedtoleave.IwasluckytofindworkIcoulddointhisarea.Alotofpeopledohavetomoveawayinordertofindwork.IstartedAdventureBeyondhereabout30yearsagoandweworkallovertheUK.WegouptoScotland,weworkalongtheThames.We’vealsotakengroupstoCanada,theHimalayas,placeslikethat.Buthonestly,WestWaleshasgoteverything.Wecandoeverythingweneedrighthere.CardiganBayisprettyhuge,butIfindhavinggrownupherethere’sadefinitesenseofbelonging.There’sanawarenessthatwe’reluckytohavetheseincrediblesandybeaches,pebblybeaches,beautifulrivers,andhills.It’speaceful,andit’snotoverdeveloped.Ofcourse,thereareperiodswhenitgetsbusy,butthenthesecondschoolsgobackandyouprettymuchgetthebeachestoyourself.Thereisasenseofcommunity(群體)too,withalotofgoodcommunity-basedclubs,suchasthePoppitSandsSurfLifesavingClub.IsetupAdventureBeyondtomakemyownworkinthearea.Ilovetheoutdoors,andIwantedtobeinCardiganBay,soitwasperfect.I’vetriedtoalwayskeepthatpersonaltouch.Theclients(客戶)willprettymuchalwaysmeetmyselfandallthestaff.WetookalotofpeopleonthroughtheKickstartscheme(啟動(dòng)計(jì)劃)andthey’vebeenemployedwithusforafewyears.Alotofourclientshavebeenwithussincewestarted,too.There’sasenseoffamily,whichisquitespecial.Iwon’tmentionaspecificfavoriteplace,butingeneralthebeachesarejustamazing.It’sjustasortofwildwest,really.4.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?A.Theauthoris30yearsold. B.Theauthorhastoworkinanothercity.C.Theauthor’sjobrequiresalotoftravelling. D.TheauthorcandoeverythinginWestWales.5.WhatisCardiganBaylikeintheauthor’seyes?A.It’sundevelopedbutbeautiful. B.Itsbeautyhasn’tbeennoticed.C.Ithasthemostpeacefulbeachesintheworld. D.Itgivesasenseofbelongingandcommunity.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Keepingthatpersonaltouch. B.Gettingthebeachesbacktothelocals.C.Enjoyingoutdooractivitieswithclients. D.StartingAdventureBeyondinCardiganBay.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theauthor’ssimplelifeinCardiganBay. B.Theauthor’sdeeploveforCardiganBay.C.Theauthor’sexplorationofCardiganBay. D.Theauthor’shopeforthefutureCardiganBay.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了作者對(duì)于卡迪根海灣的喜愛之情，卡迪根海灣給了作者歸屬感，并且可以讓作者從事自己喜歡的戶外活動(dòng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“IwasluckytofindworkIcoulddointhisarea.Alotofpeopledohavetomoveawayinordertofindwork.IstartedAdventureBeyondhereabout30yearsagoandweworkallovertheUK.WegouptoScotland,weworkalongtheThames.We’vealsotakengroupstoCanada,theHimalayas,placeslikethat.(我很幸運(yùn)能在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域找到工作。很多人為了找工作不得不搬家。大約30年前，我在這里創(chuàng)辦了“超越冒險(xiǎn)”，我們的業(yè)務(wù)遍及英國(guó)各地。我們?nèi)チ颂K格蘭，沿著泰晤士河工作。我們還帶著旅行團(tuán)去了加拿大，喜馬拉雅山，諸如此類的地方)”可知，作者他們?nèi)チ嗽S多地方，推知作者的工作需要經(jīng)常出差。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“CardiganBayisprettyhuge,butIfindhavinggrownupherethere’sadefinitesenseofbelonging.(卡迪根灣非常大，但我發(fā)現(xiàn)在這里長(zhǎng)大有一種明確的歸屬感)”可知，作者眼中的卡迪根灣給人一種歸屬感。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Ilovetheoutdoors,andIwantedtobeinCardiganBay(我喜歡戶外活動(dòng)，我想住在卡迪根灣)”可知，作者喜歡戶外活動(dòng)，同時(shí)也想住在卡迪根灣，因此在卡迪根灣創(chuàng)立AdventureBeyond對(duì)作者來說很完美。故it指代的是“在卡迪根灣創(chuàng)立AdventureBeyond”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Iwon’tmentionaspecificfavoriteplace,butingeneralthebeachesarejustamazing.It’sjustasortofwildwest,really.(我不會(huì)提到一個(gè)特別喜歡的地方，但總的來說，海灘真是太棒了。這就像一個(gè)狂野的西部，真的)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者對(duì)于卡迪根海灣的喜愛之情，卡迪根海灣給了作者歸屬感，并且可以讓作者從事自己喜歡的戶外活動(dòng)。由此可知，文章主要講述了作者對(duì)卡迪根海灣的深愛。故選B項(xiàng)。CChildrenatboardingschoolgetthebestnight’ssleepbecauseofstrictlightsouttime,accordingtoarecentstudy,whichwaspresentedatSleepDownUnder,the33rdyearlyscientificmeetingoftheAustralasianSleepAssociation.ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(設(shè)備)atnight.”O(jiān)verthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.Therecommendedamountiseighttoten.Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板電腦)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingithardertodropoff.AnAustralianteamcomparedsleeppatternsof15to18-year-oldsataschoolinAdelaide.The59boardershadtoleavetheirphonesinakitchenareaorontheirdeskbeforebedandturntheirlightsoutbyasettime.Theysleptforanaverage8hour26minutesanightcomparedwith7hours46minutesfordaypupils.Lackofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformanceandcausesbehavioralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.ThisyearanAmericanstudyfoundthatteenagerswhodidn’tgetenoughsleeptookinextrasugarduringaschoolyear.Theyatesweets,cakes,chocolateandbiscuitsanddrankfizzydrinkstopromotetheirenergylevels.Lushingtonrecommendsthatparentsreachagreementonnotusingaphone.Thisismostlikelytoworkiftheydolikewiseandofferotherenjoyments,suchasbooks.“Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.8.Whatisthesecrettoteenagers’goodsleepaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Strictlightsouttime. B.Morephysicalexerciseatschool.C.Goodbedtimeplanandmoreplaytime. D.Regularscheduleandnomobiledevices.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dropoff”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Fallasleep. B.Fallbehind. C.Giveup. D.Calmdown.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badexamplesofschoolperformance.B.Badeffectsconnectedwithlackofsleep.C.Behavioralproblemscausedbybadeatinghabits.D.Therelationshipbetweenschoolperformanceandsleep.11.WhatdoesLushingtonsuggest?A.Teachersleavinglesshomework.B.StudentschoosingpropersleeppatternsC.Parentsaswellaschildrennotusingphones.D.Parentssendingtheirchildrentoboardingschools.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，本文介紹了寄宿學(xué)校的規(guī)則——規(guī)律的作息時(shí)間，遠(yuǎn)離移動(dòng)設(shè)備，讓孩子們有良好的睡眠?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ProfessorKurtLushington,apsychologistwholedthestudy;said,“Itisanaturalisticexperimentshowingthekeytogoodsleepinteenagersisquitesimple:agoodtimetableandnomobiledevices(設(shè)備)atnight.”(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的心理學(xué)家?guī)鞝柼亍けR辛頓教授；他說：“這是一個(gè)自然主義的實(shí)驗(yàn)，表明青少年良好睡眠的關(guān)鍵很簡(jiǎn)單：一個(gè)好的時(shí)間表，晚上不要使用移動(dòng)設(shè)備?！?”可知，青少年好的睡眠的秘訣是有規(guī)律的作息時(shí)間，沒有移動(dòng)設(shè)備。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Overthepast20years,thetimechildrenspendsleepinghasfallenandonlyhalfregularlygetmorethansevenhours.(在過去的20年里，孩子們的睡眠時(shí)間減少了，只有一半的孩子的睡眠時(shí)間經(jīng)常超過7小時(shí)。)”及“Thebiggestproblemsaresmartphonesandtablets(平板電腦)whosebluelightwakesthebrain,makingitharderto…(最大的問題是智能手機(jī)和平板電腦，它們發(fā)出的藍(lán)光會(huì)喚醒大腦，使大腦更難……)”可知，數(shù)碼設(shè)備發(fā)出的藍(lán)光使大腦更難入睡。因此推斷fallasleep意思為：睡著，與劃線詞意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Lackofsleepaffectsmentalhealthandschoolperformanceandcausesbehavioralproblems.Ithasalsobeenconnectedwiththechildobesityepidemicandotherdiseases.(睡眠不足會(huì)影響心理健康和學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)，并導(dǎo)致行為問題。它還與兒童肥胖流行病和其他疾病有關(guān)。)”可知，第四段主要講述了缺乏睡眠的不良影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lushingtonrecommendsthatparentsreachagreementonnotusingaphone.(Lushington建議父母就不使用手機(jī)達(dá)成協(xié)議。)”和““Ithinkifyouputtheserulesinplace,kidswillgoalongwiththem,”hetoldNewScientist.(他告訴《新科學(xué)家》：“我認(rèn)為，如果你把這些規(guī)則放在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?，孩子們?huì)遵守的?！?”可知，Lushington建議父母和孩子都不使用手機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)。DThegiantpanda’sspecialblack-and-whitefurmakesitoneofthemostrecognizableanimalsontheplanet.Butwhydoesithavethisuniquecoloring?Tohidefromnaturalenemies,bothinthesnowandintheshadows,studyleadauthorTimCaro,aprofessorintheUC(UniversityofCalifornia)DavisDepartmentofWildlife,FishandConservationBiology,saidinanewstatement.Moreover,thelargeblackcirclesaroundapanda’seyesmayhelpotherpandasrecognizeit,theresearcherssaid.Understandingwhythegiantpandahassuchnoticeablecolorhasbeenalong-termproblemtosolve.Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動(dòng)物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.Then,theyrecordedthecoloringoneachareaofthoseanimals’bodies,andcomparedthemwithareasofthepanda’sbody.“Comparedwiththepreviousstudies,thebreakthroughinthisstudywastreatingeachpartofthebodyasanindependentarea,”Carosaid.Theresearchteamtriedtofigureoutthepurposeofthedark-coloredfurryareas.Aftergoingthroughmanycomparisons,theresearchersdeterminedthatthewhitepartsofthegiantpandahelpithideinthesnow.Incontrast,itsblackarmsandlegshelpithideintheshadows,theysaid.Thepanda’swhite-and-blackcoloringdidn’tappeartoberelatedtotemperatureregulation.Nordidtheyfindevidencethatthedarkcirclesaroundapanda’seyeshelpedtomakethemlookcuter.“Thisreallywasagreateffortbyourteam,findingandscoringthousandsofimagesandscoringmorethan10areasperpicturefromover20possiblecolors,”studyco-authorTedStankowich,anassistantprofessorofbiologyatCaliforniaStateUniversity,LongBeach,saidinthestatement.“Sometimesittakeshundredsofhoursofhardworktoanswerthesimplestquestion:Whyisthepandablackandwhite?”12.WhydidCarostudythephotosofpandasand195othercarnivorespecies?A.Torecordthenumberofphotos.B.Toresearchmorecarnivorespecies.C.Tofigureoutthereasonbehindpandas’specialcolor.D.Tocomparethedifferencebetweenpandasandothercarnivorespecies.13.Whatstudymethoddidtheresearchersusetodrawtheconclusion?A.Doingexperiments. B.Makingcomparisons.C.Scoringpandas’behaviorinnature. D.Observingpandasinthewild.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutpandas’uniquecoloring?A.Thewhiteandblackpartshelppandastohide.B.Thefunctionofthedark-coloredareasisunknown.C.Thewhite-and-blackcoloringwillchangewithtemperature.D.Thedarkcirclesaroundpandas’eyeshelpmakethemlookcuter.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromTedStankowich’swords?A.Thestudyisagreatsuccess.B.Hundredsofhoursofhardworkisnotworthwhile.C.Itneedseffortstofindthetruthbehindsimplequestions.D.Simpleissuesshouldn’ttakescientistssomuchtimetostudy.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校的研究人員針對(duì)大熊貓為什么有特殊黑白毛色進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有這種毛色是為了在雪中和陰影中躲避天敵?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Understandingwhythegiantpandahassuchnoticeablecolorhasbeenalong-termproblemtosolve.Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動(dòng)物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.(了解大熊貓為什么有如此明顯的顏色一直是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期需要解決的問題。為了找到答案，卡羅和他的同事們研究了大熊貓和其他195種食肉動(dòng)物的照片，其中包括39種熊的亞種)”可知，卡羅要研究大熊貓和其他195種食肉動(dòng)物的照片是為了找出熊貓?zhí)厥忸伾澈蟮脑?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tofindouttheanswer,Caroandhiscolleagueslookedatphotosofpandasand195othercarnivore(食肉動(dòng)物)species,including39subspeciesofbears.Then,theyrecordedthecoloringoneachareaofthoseanimals’bodies,andcomparedthemwithareasofthepanda’sbody.“Comparedwiththepreviousstudies,thebreakthroughinthisstudywastreatingeachpartofthebodyasanindependentarea,”Carosaid.(為了找到答案，卡羅和他的同事們研究了大熊貓和其他195種食肉動(dòng)物的照片，其中包括39種熊的亞種。然后，他們記錄下這些動(dòng)物身體每個(gè)區(qū)域的顏色，并將它們與熊貓身體的區(qū)域進(jìn)行比較?？_說：“與以前的研究相比，這項(xiàng)研究的突破是將身體的每個(gè)部位視為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的區(qū)域?！?”可知，研究人員用做比較的方法得出結(jié)論。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchteamtriedtofigureoutthepurposeofthedark-coloredfurryareas.Aftergoingthroughmanycomparisons,theresearchersdeterminedthatthewhitepartsofthegiantpandahelpithideinthesnow.Incontrast,itsblackarmsandlegshelpithideintheshadows,theysaid.(研究小組試圖弄清楚這些深色毛茸茸的區(qū)域的目的。經(jīng)過多次比較，研究人員確定大熊貓的白色部分有助于它隱藏在雪中。他們說，相比之下，它黑色的手臂和腿幫助它隱藏在陰影中)”可知，關(guān)于熊貓獨(dú)特的顏色我們能了解到白色和黑色的部分幫助熊貓隱藏。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中TedStankowich的話“Sometimesittakeshundredsofhoursofhardworktoanswerthesimplestquestion:Whyisthepandablackandwhite?(有時(shí)候，需要數(shù)百個(gè)小時(shí)的努力工作才能回答一個(gè)最簡(jiǎn)單的問題：為什么熊貓是黑白的？)”可推測(cè)出，要弄清楚簡(jiǎn)單問題背后的原因需要花費(fèi)努力。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Slowtravelisaboutconnectingdeeplywithyourtravels.Ratherthanrushingfromoneplacetoanother,slowtravelerstreateachexperienceasanopportunitytolearnandfeelmoredeeplytothepeople,culture,andfoodtheywanttoexplore.____16____.RelaxandenjoyOnce,avacationprovidedrelaxationfromthestressofeverydaylife.Butovertime,webegantryingtoputeverythingwewantintoachecklist.____17____.Slowtravelexchangeschecklistsforthechancetoreallyenjoyaplace.It’samazinghowmuchmoreinvolvedyoucanbewhenyou’renotinarush.It’seasiertorelaxandlookforwardtowhateverthedaybrings.Havemorememorableexperiences____18____.Ifso,theideaofslowtravelmayfeellikeyou’llmissthelatestTop10.Infact,youfreeyourselffromscratchingthesurfaceofeverythingwithoutenjoyinganything.Slowtravelallowsyouthetimetofeeladestinationandyouwillhavemorememorableexperiences.MeetpeopleandactuallygettoknowthemWhenyoudecidetotaketheslowtravelroute,youfreeyourselfuptomeetandspendtimewithothers.Youcanmeetlocalsataparkorrestaurantandenjoyaconversation.Learnaboutthepeopleonyourfoodtour.Youmayevendecidethatyoulikesomeoneenoughtomeethim/herlaterforlunchoracoffee.____19____,becauseyouarenotrushingtothenextbigthing.____20____Travelingbyplane,train,andbushasabadeffectontheenvironment.Wecantransportourselvestoonelocationandspendmoretimeexploringitonfoot,bybikeoronhorseback.That’slessharmfultotheplanetthanrushingtothenextthingonthelistwithwhatevervehiclethatwillgetusthereinahurry.A.Bemoreeco-friendlyB.ExperiencedifferentmeansoftransportationC.ThiscreatedmorestressthanwewereescapingD.MakingachecklistmakesyourjourneymoreorganizedE.HerearesomereasonswethinkyouneedtotryslowtravelF.YourcommunicationtendstobemorerelaxedandmorerealG.Maybeyou’reusedtojumpingfromoneattractionafteranother【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了需要嘗試慢旅行的一些原因?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Slowtravelisaboutconnectingdeeplywithyourtravels.Ratherthanrushingfromoneplacetoanother,slowtravelerstreateachexperienceasanopportunitytolearnandfeelmoredeeplytothepeople,culture,andfoodtheywanttoexplore.(慢速旅行就是與你的旅行緊密相連。慢速旅行者不會(huì)匆忙地從一個(gè)地方跑到另一個(gè)地方，而是把每一次經(jīng)歷都當(dāng)作一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，更深入地感受他們想要探索的人、文化和食物)”可知，本文主題是講述慢速旅行，結(jié)合后文小標(biāo)題，可知本文介紹嘗試慢旅行的一些原因。所以E項(xiàng)“Herearesomereasonswethinkyouneedtotryslowtravel(以下是我們認(rèn)為你需要嘗試慢旅行的一些原因)”能承接上文，并總領(lǐng)下文。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Once,avacationprovidedrelaxationfromthestressofeverydaylife.Butovertime,webegantryingtoputeverythingwewantintoachecklist.(曾經(jīng)，假期能讓人從日常生活的壓力中得到放松。但隨著時(shí)間的推移，我們開始嘗試把我們想要的東西都列在清單上)”可知，此處是在講述曾經(jīng)假期能讓人從日常生活的壓力中得到放松，但是現(xiàn)在開始嘗試把我們想要的東西都列在清單上，可知C項(xiàng)“Thiscreatedmorestressthanwewereescaping.(這比我們逃避的壓力更大)”是對(duì)前句的結(jié)果描述，說明了上文的不良影響。符合文意，其中stress為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】分析設(shè)空，位于句首，應(yīng)是總領(lǐng)本段，根據(jù)后文“Ifso,theideaofslowtravelmayfeellikeyou’llmissthelatestTop10.(如果是這樣的話，慢旅行的想法可能會(huì)讓你覺得你錯(cuò)過了最新的十佳)”可知，空處應(yīng)是提到一種和慢旅行不同的方式，所以G項(xiàng)“Maybeyou’reusedtojumpingfromoneattractionafteranother(也許你已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了從一個(gè)景點(diǎn)跳到另一個(gè)景點(diǎn))”符合文意，和慢旅行相悖的方式，引出下文，后文的ifso代指本句提到的方式。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Whenyoudecidetotaketheslowtravelroute,youfreeyourselfuptomeetandspendtimewithothers.Youcanmeetlocalsataparkorrestaurantandenjoyaconversation.Learnaboutthepeopleonyourfoodtour.Youmayevendecidethatyoulikesomeoneenoughtomeethim/herlaterforlunchoracoffee.(當(dāng)你決定走慢速旅行路線時(shí)，你就可以騰出時(shí)間和別人見面。你可以在公園或餐館遇到當(dāng)?shù)厝?，并享受交談。了解你的美食之旅中的人。你甚至可能決定你足夠喜歡一個(gè)人，然后和他/她一起吃午飯或喝咖啡)”可知，本段主要講述了，慢速旅行可以讓我們更好的和他人交流，所以F項(xiàng)“Yourcommunicationtendstobemorerelaxedandmorereal.(你的交流趨向于更輕松、更真實(shí))”符合本段主題，并和后文“becauseyouarenotrushingtothenextbigthing.(因?yàn)槟銢]有急著去做下一件大事)”構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】分析設(shè)空可知，空處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Travelingbyplane,train,andbushasabadeffectontheenvironment.Wecantransportourselvestoonelocationandspendmoretimeexploringitonfoot,bybikeoronhorseback.That’slessharmfultotheplanetthanrushingtothenextthingonthelistwithwhatevervehiclethatwillgetusthereinahurry.(乘飛機(jī)、火車和公共汽車旅行對(duì)環(huán)境有不好的影響。我們可以把自己帶到一個(gè)地方，花更多的時(shí)間步行、騎自行車或騎馬去探索它。這對(duì)地球的危害要比開著任何能讓我們快速到達(dá)那里的交通工具匆忙去做清單上的下一件事要小)”可知，本段主要講述了慢速旅行會(huì)更環(huán)保，所以A項(xiàng)“Bemoreeco-friendly.(更加環(huán)保)”是本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwastalkingtomyfriendSandyaboutourchildren.Sandyhadrecentlymovedintotheneighborhoodwithherfour____21____,includingheryoungest,eighteen-month-oldKim.Sheseemed____22____tohavekidsnearby,untilshesawourdog,Sam.Sam,ourshinyblackdog,lovedtoplaywiththekidsand____23____them.ButSandywas____24____ofdogs,andshestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.IgrabbedSam’scollarandmadehimsit,tryingto____25____Sandy’sfear.Sandymentionedthatsheneededtogetherkidsreadytogototheirgrandmother’shouse.Justthen,herdooropenedandherkidsrushedout.Sandywarnedthemnotto____26____Sam.Thekidshuddled(蜷縮)aroundtheirmom,lookingatSam____27____.Emma,mydaughter,showedthekidshowto____28____adogproperly.Gradually,thekidswerewonoverbySam’s____29____nature.Onedayafterthatincident(事件),whenthekidswereplayingacrossthestreet,I____30____theeighteen-month-oldbabyheadingtowardsasmallhill.Isawacarapproachingatahighspeedandshoutedtoeveryoneto____31____thebaby.Samrushedtotheboywithout____32____andpushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar____33____.Thekidscheered,completelyunawareofthe____34____.TheythoughtSamhadcometoplay.Withinayear,Samhadmadefriendswithalltheneighbors.EvenSandystartedto____35____Samandwouldoftencomeovertogivehimahug.21.A.friends B.kids C.neighbors D.pets22.A.happy B.anxious C.proud D.surprised23.A.protect B.follow C.appreciate D.push24.A.tired B.fond C.frightened D.aware25.A.feel B.record C.hide D.ease26.A.takecareof B.getcloseto C.turnto D.stareat27.A.eagerly B.hopefully C.sadly D.nervously28.A.call B.approach C.feed D.select29.A.cold B.common C.strange D.friendly30.A.sensed B.heard C.noticed D.imagined31.A.watch B.find C.touch D.avoid32.A.permission B.excuse C.hesitation D.doubt33.A.quickly B.madly C.suddenly D.occasionally34.A.accident B.danger C.mistake D.fight35.A.ignore B.understand C.influence D.love【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述新鄰居家的女主人桑迪很怕作者家的狗山姆，但是后來山姆卻在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻救了桑迪的孩子，從此桑迪改變了對(duì)山姆的看法，山姆也成了街坊四鄰的好朋友?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：桑迪最近和她的四個(gè)孩子搬進(jìn)了這個(gè)社區(qū)，包括她最小的，18個(gè)月大的金。A.friends朋友；B.kids孩子；C.neighbors鄰居；D.pets寵物。根據(jù)前文“IwastalkingtomyfriendSandyaboutourchildren.”可知，作者和桑迪在談?wù)摵⒆?，所以是桑迪最近和她的四個(gè)孩子搬進(jìn)了這個(gè)社區(qū)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎很高興有孩子在身邊，直到她看到了我們的狗，薩姆。A.happy快樂的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.proud自豪的；D.surprised驚訝。根據(jù)后文“havekidsnearby”可知，有孩子在身邊應(yīng)是高興的，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆，我們閃亮的黑狗，喜歡和孩子們一起玩，保護(hù)他們。A.protect保護(hù)；B.follow跟隨；C.appreciate欣賞；D.push推動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“Samrushedtotheboywithoutandpushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”可知，山姆在保護(hù)孩子們。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是桑迪害怕狗，當(dāng)山姆走近時(shí)，她開始往后退。A.tired疲倦的；B.fond喜歡的；C.frightened害怕的；D.aware意識(shí)到的。根據(jù)后文“shestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.”可知，當(dāng)薩姆走近時(shí)，她開始往后退，推知她害怕狗。孤戰(zhàn)C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我抓住山姆的項(xiàng)圈，讓他坐下，試圖減輕桑迪的恐懼。A.feel感覺到；B.record記錄；C.hide隱藏；D.ease減輕。根據(jù)前文“IgrabbedSam’scollarandmadehimsit”客戶自，作者阻止山姆繼續(xù)靠近桑迪，應(yīng)是試圖減輕桑迪的恐懼。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：桑迪警告他們不要靠近山姆。A.takecareof照顧；B.getcloseto接近；C.turnto求助于；D.stareat凝視。根據(jù)前文“ButSandywasofdogs,andshestartedtobackawayasSamapproached.”可知，桑迪害怕狗，所以此處應(yīng)是警告她的孩子們不要靠近山姆。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們圍在媽媽身邊，緊張地看著山姆。A.eagerly急切地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.sadly傷心地；D.nervously緊張地。根據(jù)前文“SandywarnedthemnottoSam.”和“Thekidshuddled(蜷縮)aroundtheirmom”可知，因?yàn)閶寢尩木妫⒆觽儜?yīng)是緊張地看著薩姆。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的女兒艾瑪教孩子們?nèi)绾握_地接近狗。A.call呼叫；B.approach接近；C.feed喂養(yǎng)；D.select選擇。根據(jù)前文“Emma,mydaughter,showedthekids”以及后文“adogproperly”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，山姆是作者的狗，所以作者的女兒應(yīng)是教孩子們?nèi)绾握_地接近狗，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，孩子們被山姆友好的性格所征服。A.cold冷的；B.common常見的；C.strange奇怪的；D.friendly親切的。根據(jù)前文“Sam,ourshinyblackdog,lovedtoplaywiththekidsandthem.”可知，山姆喜歡和孩子們一起玩，保護(hù)他們，所以是孩子們被山姆友好的性格所征服。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那件事發(fā)生后的一天，當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诮謱?duì)面玩耍時(shí)，我注意到那個(gè)18個(gè)月大的嬰兒朝一座小山走去。A.sensed感覺到；B.heard聽到；C.noticed注意到；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)后文“Isawacarapproachingatahighspeedandshoutedtoeveryonetothebaby.”可知，作者看到嬰兒，所以此處是注意到。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看見一輛車高速駛來，就大聲叫大家小心孩子。A.watch小心；B.find找到；C.touch觸摸；D.avoid避免。根據(jù)前文“Isawacarapproachingatahighspeed”可知，一輛車高速駛來，應(yīng)是大聲叫大家小心孩子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個(gè)男孩，迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開。A.permission許可；B.excuse借口；C.hesitation猶豫；D.doubt懷疑。根據(jù)前文“Samrushedtotheboy”以及后文“pushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知，應(yīng)是山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個(gè)男孩，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：山姆毫不猶豫地沖向那個(gè)男孩，迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開。A.quickly迅速地；B.madly發(fā)狂地；C.suddenly突然；D.occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)前文“pushedthebabyawayfromtheoncomingcar”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，應(yīng)是迅速地把嬰兒從迎面而來的汽車旁推開才能救下孩子。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們歡呼起來，完全沒有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。A.accident事故；B.danger危險(xiǎn)；C.mistake錯(cuò)誤；D.fight斗爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)后文“TheythoughtSamhadcometoplay.”可知，孩子們以為山姆是來玩的，所以沒有意識(shí)到剛才的危險(xiǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至桑迪也開始愛山姆，經(jīng)常過來給他一個(gè)擁抱。A.ignore忽視；B.understand了解；C.influence影響；D.love喜歡。根據(jù)后文“wouldoftencomeovertogivehimahug”可知，桑迪經(jīng)常過來給他一個(gè)擁抱，所以是愛上了山姆。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenLinQiaozhiwas18yearsold,shedidn’tfollowthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls.Instead,shechosetogotoPekingUnionMedicalCollege,____36____shestudiedmedicineandgottheWenhaiScholarship.Andthensheworked____37____adoctorintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Afewyearslater,she____38____(send)tostudyinEuropeandthenintheUS.HerAmericanfriendswantedher____39____(stay)intheUS,butsherefusedandtoldthemshewantedtoworkforhermotherlandwithgreat____40____(determine).In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.After____41____departmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar,sheopenedherownclinic.DrLinQiaozhiplayedakeyroleinthemedicalfieldofour____42____(new)builtcountry.Thoughsheheldmanyimportantpositions,shestilltended____43____(patient),publishedmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,and____44____(train)thenextgenerationofdoctors.Knownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,LinQiaozhidiedon22April1983,____45____(leave)hersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.【答案】36.where37.as38.wassent39.tostay40.determination41.the42.newly43.patients44.trained45.leaving【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了第一位在中國(guó)協(xié)和醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科擔(dān)任住院醫(yī)師的女性——林巧稚醫(yī)生的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷和成就?！?6題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：相反，她選擇去了北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院，在那里她學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，并獲得了文海獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是PekingUnionMedicalCollege，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。【37題詳析】考查介詞。句意：之后她在北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科當(dāng)醫(yī)生。此處是固定搭配：workas意為“擔(dān)任……工作”。故填as?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：幾年后，她被送往歐洲和美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。send作本句謂語，和主語she之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)前后文可知，都用的一般過去時(shí)，所以此處用一般過去時(shí)。故填wassent?！?9題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她的美國(guó)朋友希望她留在美國(guó)，但她拒絕了，并告訴他們她想以極大的決心為祖國(guó)工作。此處是固定搭配：wantsb.todosth.意為“想要某人做某事”。故填tostay?！?0題詳析】考查名詞。句意：她的美國(guó)朋友希望她留在美國(guó)，但她拒絕了，并告訴他們她想以極大的決心為祖國(guó)工作?？涨笆切稳菰~，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，determine的名詞形式是determination。故填determination?！?1題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：該部門因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而關(guān)閉后，她開了自己的診所?？蘸蟮膁epartment，為上文提到的OB-GYNdepartment，所以此處表特指，前用定冠詞修飾。故填the?！?2題詳析】考查副詞。句意：林巧稚醫(yī)生在我們這個(gè)新國(guó)家的醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用?？仗幮揎椏蘸蟮男稳菰~，用副詞修飾。故填newly?！?3題詳析】考查名詞。句意：雖然她擔(dān)任過許多重要職位，但她仍然照顧病人，發(fā)表關(guān)于婦女和兒童護(hù)理的醫(yī)學(xué)研究，并培訓(xùn)下一代醫(yī)生?？涨笆莿?dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，patient意為“病人”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意，此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填patients?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：雖然她擔(dān)任過許多重要職位，但她仍然照顧病人，發(fā)表關(guān)于婦女和兒童護(hù)理的醫(yī)學(xué)研究，并培訓(xùn)下一代醫(yī)生。根據(jù)and可知，空處和前文的tended以及published并列，作并列謂語，用一般過去時(shí)。故填trained?！?5題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：被稱為“萬嬰之母”的林巧稚于1983年4月22日去世，把她的積蓄留給了一所幼兒園和一名新醫(yī)生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已有謂語動(dòng)詞died，所以leave用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語LinQiaozhi之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故