創(chuàng)新大學(xué)英語綜合教程U7電子教案

Unit7ArchitectureObjectivesStudentswillbeableto:Graspthemainidea(thattheleaningtowerofPisahasbeencorrectedalittle.)andstructureofthetext(introductionofthetopicbyinformationaboutPisatower;developmentoftheideabyillustration;conclusionofthearticlebyastatement);Appreciatehowtheauthordevelopstheideabycontrast;Acquirethekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;Participateinaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.SuggestedTeachingStepsLead-inTextADetailedStudyStructureStudyAfter-readingAdditionalMaterialsLead-inDirections:Pleasewatchthevideoclipandanswerthequestions.1.WhatproblemscantheverticaldomeinShanghaihelptosolve?Populationdensity;makethebestuseofthelimitedlandtoaccommodateasmanypeopleaspossible;Shanghaiisoneofthemostpopulouscitiesoftheworld,with24millionpeople.2.WhatchallengesdoesShanghaiTowerface?Howaretheysoled?Thetalleristhestructure,themoreitchallengesMotherNature.Eachsummer,atyphoonblaststhecity,andShanghaiTowerbecomesthetarget.Bytwistingtheouterskin120degrees,thewindsafelyglidesaroundthetower.TextATheLeaningTowerofPisaThetowerinPisa,Italy,isfamoussimplybecauseitleans.Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990,afterfearsthatanentirebusloadoftouristsatthetopwouldbeenoughtomakeitfall.Elevenyearslater,theleanhasbeencorrectedalittle,butnotentirely.Althoughthetowerisfamousbecauseitleans,itisanoutstandingexampleofRomanesquearchitecture,andwouldprobablybefamous,evenifitdidn'tlean.Itstands187feethighanduntil1990wasleaningoveratabouta10-degreeangle,thetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasoriginallyintended.Itwasestimatedthattheleanwasincreasingbyoneinchevery20years.In1172,awealthywidowleftsixtycoinsinherwilltobuystonestobegintheconstructionofthetower.Itisabelltowertoaccompanythecathedralthatitstandsnextto.Itisn'tquiteclearwhotheactualdesignerwas,butconstructionwasbegunonAugust9,1173.DuetothefactthatthepeopleofPisawereinvolvedinalotofwars,withseveralstopstofight,ittookuntil1350tocompletethebuilding.Thetoweriscircular,andmadeupofeightfloorsoflimestoneandlimemortarcoveredontheoutsidewithmarble.Theoutsideofeachlevelhascolumnsandarches.Thereisastaircaseof293stepsleadingupfromthegroundtotheeighthfloor:thestepsarebuiltbetweenaninnerwallandtheouterwalls.Theeighthfloorcontainsthebells,seveninall.Thefirststagewasthebuildingofthefirstthreefloors;thisbeganin1173andstoppedin1178,whenPisawasatwar.Constructionbeganagainin1275underanarchitectcalledGiovannidiSimone.Hebuiltthenextthreefloors,andagainworkwashalteduntil1319.Thefinaltwofloorswereaddedbetween1319and1350.3.Only5yearsafterworkonthebuildingbegan,itwasleaningnoticeablytotheNorth.Theleanwasfirstnoticedduringconstructionofthethirdfloor.Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltotheground,andnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding.Duringthisphasethetowerstartedtoleantheotherway.NowitwasleaningtotheSouth.Thetowerisbuiltonunsuitablegroundforsuchaheavyandtallbuilding.Itisonlyabout6feetabovesealevelandbuiltonariverbed.Theunderlyinggroundismadeupoflayersofsandandclay.Thelayersarenotevenandtheweightofthebuildinghascompressedthem.Becausethelayersarenoteven,asthegroundhascompressed,ithassunkmoreinsomeplacesthanothers.4.Thefactthatittooksuchalongtimetobuildmaybethemainreasonithasn'tfallen.Betweentheperiodsofconstruction,thegroundhadtimetosettleandbecomecompacted,makingthefoundationsstronger.Anotherimportantfactoristhematerialitisbuiltfrom;thelimestoneandlimemortarareabletobendandresisttheforcesthatwouldmakeother,morebrittlerocks,crack.5.Severalplanshavebeentriedovertheyearstostopthetowerfromfalling.Someofthemhavebeenalmostdisastrous.In1934anItalianengineerdrilled361holesintothebaseandfilledthemwithmortar.Thetowerpromptlyleanedoversomemore.In1993,650tonsofleadwerehungfromtheNorthsideofthebuildingtotryandstoptheleanincreasing.Forawhileitworked.In1995,theydecidedtotryandincreasethefoundationsundertheSouthsideofthebuilding.Theyfrozethegroundusingliquidnitrogen,tostopitmoving,andthenstartedtoremovestones,sotheycouldinsertmetalrods.Whattheydidn'tknowwasthatthestonestheywereremovingwerepartoftheoriginalfoundationofthebuilding.Thatisthenearestthetowerhascometodisaster.Inonenighttheleanincreasedasmuchasitnormallyincreasesintwoyears.Theyquicklyaddedanother250tonsofleadanddecidedtorethinkthewholething.6.Atthispointeveryonewasjustaboutreadytogiveup.ThenaBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithyetanotheridea.Hisplanwastoremovegroundfromunderthehighside,insteadoftryingtoaddgroundunderthelowside.In1999workbegan,andwasdoneveryslowly,sothatthebuildingwouldn'tgetasuddenshock.AtthebeginningofJune2001,theworkwascomplete,andthetowerhadbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,whichreturnsittothepositionitheldin1838.Theengineersbelievethatitissafeforatleastanother300years.So,iftheyknowhow,whydidn'ttheyjuststraightenitupalltheway?Theanswerliesinthetower'sname.ItistheLeaningTowerofPisaandjustwouldn'tbethesameifitdidn'tlean!SomeoftheresidentsofPisasayitwouldbebettertoletitfalldown,ratherthantostraightenitalltheway.DetailedStudy(Para.1)Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990,afterfearsthatanentirebusloadoftouristsatthetopwouldbeenoughtomakeitfall:Withworriesthatalargenumberoftouristsstandingatthetopmightmakethetowercollapse,thetowerwasclosedtothepublicin1990.【譯文】由于擔(dān)心一車的游客站在塔頂就會使它倒塌，該塔于1990年停止對游人開放。該句的主句為“Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990.…."?！癮fterfears….”是介詞短語，表明關(guān)閉斜塔的原因。“that”引導(dǎo)的從句是“fear”的同位語，說明擔(dān)心的內(nèi)容?！皌hat”從句中的主干是“anentirebusloadoftouristswouldbeenough...”?！癮fter”(prep.)heremeans“becauseofsomethingthathappenedearlier”e.g.I'llneverforgivehimafterwhathesaid.I'mnotsurprisedhewalkedoutafterthewayshetreatedhim.Afteryourletter,Ididn'tthinkI'deverseeyouagain.busloadn.anamountofpeopleonabusthatisfull(一個公共汽車的)載客量e.g.Abusloadoftouristscameinbehindus,maybetwentyHawaiiansinHawaiianshirts,withcamerasandfunnyhats.2)(Para.1)Althoughthetowerisfamousbecauseitleans,itisanoutstandingexampleofRomanesquearchitecture,andwouldprobablybefamous,evenifitdidn'tlean:Despitethefactthatthetowerisrenownedforleaning.itwouldprobablystillbefamousifitdidn'tleanforitisamarvelousexampleofRomanesquearchitecture.【譯文】盡管此塔因傾斜而聞名于世，但它也是羅馬建筑的杰出典范，即使不傾斜，也可能享譽世界。evenif:usedtoemphasizethatalthoughsomethingmayhappenormaybetrue,itwillnotchangeasituation即使，即便e.g.She'sgoingtohaveproblemsfindingajobevenifshegetsherAlevel.Iwouldn'ttellyouevenifIknew.Evenifshesurvives,she'llneverfullyrecover.3)(Para.1)Itstands187feethighanduntil1990wasleaningoveratabouta10-degreeangle,thetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasoriginallyintended:Itis187feethighandwastiltingatabouta10-degreeanglewiththetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasplannedatthebeginning.【譯文】塔高187英尺，1990年時它的傾斜度大約為10度，塔頂偏離了預(yù)先設(shè)計位置17英尺。該句中“stand”是系動詞，故“187feet”是表語，而“high”是補語。"thetopbeing17feet...”是由現(xiàn)在分詞短語“being17feet”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。standv.(1)haveaspecifiedheight高度為e.g.Thetrophystands3feethigh.Hestandssixfeettwo.beinacertainplace,besituated在某處，位于e.g.Alampstoodonthetable.Neartherailwaystationstoodahotel.4)(Para.1)Itwasestimatedthattheleanwasincreasingbyoneinchevery20years.【譯文】據(jù)估計，比薩塔每20年增加傾斜一英寸。increase(sth.)bysth.:以……為單位增加e.g.Foodpricesincreasedby10%inlessthanayear.(Para.2)DuetothefactthatthepeopleofPisawereinvolvedinalotofwars,withseveralstopstofight,ittookuntil1350tocompletethebuilding:BecausemanywarswerewagedinvolvingthepeopleofPisa,theconstructionwasinterrupted;itwasnotuntil1350thattheconstructionwascompleted.【譯文】由于比薩人民頻受戰(zhàn)爭侵?jǐn)_，塔的修建幾度中斷，直到1350年才竣工。(Para.2)Thereisastaircaseof293stepsleadingupfromthegroundtotheeighthfloor;thestepsarebuiltbetweenaninnerwallandtheouterwalls.【譯文】從地面到塔的第八層共有293級臺階，臺階建于內(nèi)墻和外墻之間。staircasen.asetofstairsinsideabuildingwithitssupportsandthesidepartsthatyouholdonto樓梯e.g.Ihearsomeonecomingdownthestaircase.spiralstaircase:asetofstairsarrangedinacircularpatternsothattheygoaroundacentralpointastheygethigher旋轉(zhuǎn)樓梯movingstaircase:escalator;asetofmovingstairsthattakepeopletodifferentlevelsinabuilding電動扶梯，自動扶梯(Para.3)Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundandnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding:Duringtheconstructionofthenextthreefloors,thetiltwaspartiallycorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundratherthanparalleltothepreviousfloors.【譯文】于是建隨后三層時，人們通過建造與地面而非與塔身平行的層面來校正塔的傾斜。該句的主干是“theleanwascorrectedby...”。介詞短語“bybuildingthefloorsparalleltotheground”作方式狀語，表示糾正塔的傾斜的方式。而“andnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding”也是介詞短語，省略了介詞，補全的形式應(yīng)為“notbybuildingthefloorslevelwiththeleaningbuilding”。paralleladj.(oftwoormorelines)havingthesamedistancebetweeneachotherateverypoint平行的e.g.Theroadandthecanalareparalleltoeachother.(2)exactlycorresponding,similar相對應(yīng)的，相同的e.g.Sheandherfriendshaveparallellikesanddislikes.n.person,situation,event,etc.thatisexactlysimilartoanother相似的人或情形e.g.TheseideashaveparallelsinFreud'sthought,too.(2)(in~withsth./sb.)togetherwithandatthesametimeassth.else(與……)同時e.g.Thenewdegreeandtheexistingcertificatecourseswouldruninparallel.leveladj.(~with)ofthesameheight,standard,orpositiononascale等高的，同等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的e.g.Thelittlegirl'sheadislevelwithhermother'sknees.Thetwopicturesarenotquitelevel,thatoneishigherthantheother.(2)havingahorizontalsurface;flat;notsloping水平的，平坦的e.g.Somestreetsinthecityarenotlevel.8)(Para.3)Becausethelayersarenoteven,asthegroundhascompressed,ithassunkmoreinsomeplacesthanothers:Becausethelayersarenotequalorlevelsomeplaceswouldsinkdeeperthanotherswhenthegroundhasbeenpressed.【譯文】由于地層分布不均衡，地面受壓時，某些地方會沉陷得更厲害。evenadj.smooth,flat,level平的，平滑(坦)的e.g.ThefloormustbecompletelyevenbeforewelaythetilesHehaslovelywhite,eventeeth.(2)unchanginginquality,regular,steady均勻的，有規(guī)律的，穩(wěn)定的e.g.Theroomiskeptatanevenpressv.topresssth.ormakeitsmallersothatittakesuplessspace;ortobecomesmaller擠壓，壓縮e.g.Woodshavingsandsawdustcanbecompressedintoboards.Hecompressedthedocumentandthene-mailedittome.towriteorexpresssth.usingfewerwords;toreducetheamountoftimethatittakesforsth.tohappenorbedone縮短，精簡e.g.Shecompressedtwomonths'workintoone.(Para.4)Betweentheperiodsofconstructionthegroundhadtimetosettleandbecomecompacted,makingthefoundationsstronger:Duringtheintervalsbetweenconstructionthegroundhadtimetoslowlyadjustandbecomecompressed,whichmadethefoundationsbecamestronger.【譯文】在建塔的間隙，地面慢慢下陷、壓緊，地基由此變得更加堅固。foundationn.(usuallypl.)ofbricks,concrete.etc.formingthesolidundergroundbaseofabuilding地(房)基，基礎(chǔ)e.g.Theflooddisplacedthehousesfromtheirfoundations.Thebuilderspouredasolidfoundationofconcrete.Thehugelorriesshookthefoundationsofthehouse.(Para.4)Anotherimportantfactoristhematerialitisbuiltfrom;thelimestoneandlimemortarareabletobendandresisttheforcesthatwouldmakeother,morebrittlerocks,crack:Anotherkeyelementliesinitsbuildingmaterial-limestoneandlimemortarwhichareflexibleandareabletowithstandtheforcesthatmightbreakotherlessflexiblerocks.【譯文】另一重要因素是建塔的材料是石灰石和石灰砂漿，它們能夠彎曲并抵抗巨大的外力，不像其他易碎石料，遇外力時會突然斷裂。brittleadj.hardbuteasilybroken;fragile易碎的，脆弱的e.g.Thismaterialishighlybrittle.Thebranchesweredryandbrittle.crackv.tobreakwithoutdividingintoseparateparts;tobreaksth.inthisway(使)開裂，破裂e.g.Don'tputboilingwaterintheglassoritwillcrack.Shefellandcrackedaboneinherleg.(Para.5)In1934,anItalianengineerdrilled361holesintothebaseandfilledthemwithmortar.【譯文】1934年，有個意大利建筑師在塔底鉆了361個孔，并在其中灌入灰泥。drillv.tomakeaholeinsth.usingadrill鉆洞，打孔e.g.Thefarmersdrilledwellsforwater.They'redrillinganewtunnelundertheThames.totrainstudentssportsplayersetc.bymakingthemrepeatthesamelesson,exercise,etc.manytimes訓(xùn)(操)練e.g.Theteacherdrilledtheclassinpronunciation.Thewell-drilledcrewmanagedtorescuemostofthepassengers.(Para.5)Theyfrozethegroundusingliquidnitrogen,tostopitmoving,andthenstartedtoremovestones,sotheycouldinsertmetalrods.【譯文】他們先用液化氮冷凍地基防止塔身移動，然后將地基中的石塊挖出以便插人金屬杠。freezev.tobecomehard,ortochangefromliquidtosolid,asaresultofextremecold;tomakesth.dothis使凍結(jié)，凝固e.g.Thecoldweatherfrozethelake.Theclotheswerefrozenonthewashing-line.tostopmovingsuddenlybecauseoffear,etc.驚(嚇)呆e.g.Iheardasoundandfrozeinmytracks.Shefrozehernoisychildrenwithasinglelook.Thepoliceofficershouted“Freeze!"andthemandroppedthegun.insertv.toputsth.insideorintosth.else插人e.g.Theyinsertedatubeinhismouthtohelphimbreathe.(2)toaddsth.tothemiddleofadocumentorpieceofwriting(在文章中)插入，添寫e.g.Thebookwouldbeimprovedbyinsertinganotherchapter.n.thinginserted,especiallyanadditionalsectioninabook,newspaper,etc.插入物(尤指書、報等的插頁)e.g.Themagazinecontainsaspecialinsertaboutholidaysabroad.(Para.5)Thatisthenearestthetowerhascometodisaster:Thatwastheclosestthetowercametobeingdestroyed.【譯文】那是斜塔最危險的一次遭遇，整個塔差一點就毀了。cometo:todevelopsothataparticularsituationexists,usuallyabadone發(fā)展至e.g.Thedoctorswilloperateifitprovesnecessarybutitmaynotcometothat.Allthoseyearsofstudying,andintheenditallcametonothing.(Para.5)Inonenighttheleanincreasedasmuchasitnormallyincreasesintwoyears:Overnight,theleangrewtoanextentwhichwouldtaketwoyearstoreachatthenormalrate.【譯文】一夜之間塔身傾斜到按理兩年后才會達到的斜度。asmuchas多達……，達到……那種程度(表具體數(shù)量，后常跟具體數(shù)量詞)e.g.Infactitcostsmeasmuchas2,000dollars,whichismymonthlysalary.Shetrainedhardfortherace,sometimesrunningasmuchas100milesaweek.幾乎等于，和……差不多(表模糊數(shù)量，通常不跟具體數(shù)量詞)e.g.Ihaven'tgotasmuchmoneyasIthought.Ifyouchargeasmuchasthat,youwillscareawaythecustomers.15)(Para.6)Atthispointeveryonewasjustaboutreadytogiveup.ThenaBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithyetanotheridea.【譯文】就在大家要放棄時，一位英國工程師又提出了一個建議。(Para.6)AtthebeginningofJune2001,theworkwascomplete,andthetowerhadbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,whichreturnsittothepositionitheldin1838:TheprojectwasfinishedatthebeginningofJune2001,andthetowerhasbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,returningittothepositionof1838.【譯文】2001年6月初，工程竣工時塔體得以矯正約16英寸，恢復(fù)到了1838年時的狀態(tài)。該句是一個并列句，主句是“theworkwascomplete”和“thetowerhadbeenstraightenedupby...”。第二個主句后跟的介詞短語“byabout16inches”用來說明塔被矯正的程度，“which”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句用來說明這次校正的成功之處。straightenv.(~out)tobecomestraight.ortomakesth.straightorflat把……弄直，變直e.g.Hestraightenedthebentstrip.Eventhoughhetried,hecouldn'tstraightenouttherug.(~up)tomakesb.orsth.straightandupright變(挺)直e.g.Asshestraightenedup,theacheinherbackgrewworse.Hemanagedtostraightenupwithanairofstudiedeaseandcourage.(~up)tomakesth.tidy整(清)理e.g.Imuststraightenupthisroom,myguestsarecoming.holdv.keep(oneself/sb./sth.)inthespecifiedpositionorcondition使……保持在某一位置或某種狀況e.g.Weusedrolled-upnewspaperstoholdthewindowsopen.Remembertoholdyourheadupandkeepyourbackstraight.Liftyourheadoffthefloorandholdthispositionforfiveseconds.(Para.6)So,iftheyknowhowwhydidn'ttheyjuststraightenitupalltheway?Theanswerliesinthetower'sname:Iftheyknowthesolutionwhydidn'ttheystraightenitupcompletely?Thekeyrestswithitsname.【譯文】可他們要是知道如何矯正斜塔的話，為什么不干脆將它完全豎直呢？答案在于此塔的名字。alltheway(tocontinueanaction)untilcompleted;(togo)thewholedistance自始至終，一直e.g.Shedidn'tspeakawordtomeallthewaybackhome.Thetworunnerscontestedtheracecloselyanditwasnipandtuckallthepletely完全地e.g.Youcanfeelthattheaudienceiswithheralltheway.I'llbackyouupalltheway.(Para.6)SomeoftheresidentsofPisasayitwouldbebettertoletitfalldown,ratherthantostraightenitalltheway:SomeofthecitizensofPisawouldratherletitcollapsethancompletelystraightenit.【譯文】一些比薩市民認(rèn)為，與其不斷嘗試矯正塔身不如任其倒塌。StructureStudySummaryoftheTextDirections:Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsfromthetexttocompletethemainideaofeachpart.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPart1Para.1Afterbeing1)closedtothepublicfor11years,thefamousleaningtowerofPisa—anoutstandingexampleofRomanesque2)architecturehasbeencorrectedalittle,butnot3)entirely.Part2Para.2Theconstructionwasbegunin1173withthemoneydonatedbyBertadiBernadotobuildabelltowerto4)accompanythecathedral,andwascompletedin1350afterseveralstopsbecauseoftheinvolvementofalotof5)wars.Part3Paras.3—4Becausethetowerwasbuilton6)unsuitableground,itwasleaningonly5yearsafterworkonthebuildingbegan.Luckily,ithasn’tfallenduetothegreatlengthof7)timespentonconstructionandthematerialitisbuiltfrom.Part4Paras.5—6Afterseveral8)disastrousattemptsatstoppingthetowerfrom9)falling,aBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithanotheridea-removinggroundfromunderthe10highside.Finallythetowerhadbeenstraighteneduptosomedegree.Directions:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothetext.WriteTfortrueandFforfalse.1)FTheLeaningTowerofPisawasdeliberatelybuilttoleantowinworld-widefame.2)TTheconstructionoftheLeaningTowerofPisawashaltedseveraltimesbecauseofwars.3)TTheLeaningTowerofPisastartedtoleanbecauseitwasbuiltonanunevengeographicalstructuremadeupofsandandclay.4)FPeopletriedthreetimestocorrecttheleaningofthePisaTowerfrom1934to1995,butnothingworkedatall.5)TAccordingtothewriter,thelatestattempttocorrecttheleaningofthetowerfrom1999didn'tstraightenitupcompletelybecausepeopledidn'twantitto.After-readingKeytoExercises—Vocabulary1)noticeably 2)busload3)parallel4)residents5)architect6)inserting 7)straightening8)promptly9)compresses10)circular2.1)Germanywasatwarwithmostofthecountriesintheworld.2)Thetwolinesareparallelwitheachother.3)Youreyesshouldbelevelwiththetopofthescreen.4)Helefthisjoblargelyduetothefactthathewashomesick.5)Socialreformerssometimescomeupwithsomeblue-skythoughts.6)Mydogwalkedbesidemeallthewaytotheriverside.KeytoExercises—Structure1.1)Itisestimatedthatthetreeisatleast700yearsold.2)Itwasestimatedthatthefilmcost25milliondollarstomake.3)Itwasestimatedthatthecostofrepairswas150dollars.4)Itisestimatedthatbetween70and90percentofcarcrimesoccurinthedaytime.5)Itisestimatedthatitisabout200mileslong.6)Itwasestimatedthathisincomewasabout$80,000dollarsayear.2.onlyreflectingthesunlightshiningonittheeggsheldcarefullyinherhandCircumstanceschangedHavingconsideredboththebrightsideandthedarksideAllflightsbeing/havingbeencancelledbecauseofthesnowstorm

KeytoExercises—ClozeE2)I3)F4)K5)G6)D7)L8)J9)N10)CKeytoExercises—TranslationTheLeaningTowerofPisaisoneofthemosticonicarchitecturallandmarksintheworld.TheRomanesquetowerofthePisaCathedralhasbeensinkingintothegroundsinceitsconstruction,causingittonoticeablyleantooneside.ThousandsofvisitorstraveltoPisaeveryyearforaglimpseofthefamousstructure.ThoughtheTowerhadbeenclosedtovisitorsduringthe1990s,successfulrenovationallowedofficialstoreopenitin2001.After-readingActivityActivityOne:TalkingaboutPicturesDirections:Architectureiscomparedtomusicinspace,whichreflectstheculture,valuesandhistoryofacountry.Whenwetalkaboutfamousarchitectureintheworld,whatimagescomeintoyourmind?Aretheyamongthefollowingpictures?Talkaboutthefollowingpictures,andsharewhatyouknowaboutthemwithyourclassmates.ActivityTwo:PairWorkDirections:Beijing,anintegralpartofChina'shistoryforcenturies,isrenownedforitsopulentpalacesandtemples.Buttheearly21stcenturyhaswitnessedtremendousgrowthofnewbuildingconstructions,whichbringsamixtureofbotholdandnewstylesofarchitecture.ButifaskedtochooseonlyonlyonearchitecturetorepresentBeijing,whichonewouldyouchoose?TheForbiddenCity,theGreatWall,theBirdsNestortheBeijingNationalTheatre?Discusswithyourpartnerandpresentyourideasinclass.ActivityThree:GroupWorkDirections:Inthe21stcentury,Chinaisfacingthecollisionandfusionbetweenlocalandforeigncultures,andthatbetweenmodernityandtradition.Architecturewithitsdistinctiveculturalnatureisinvoluntarilydrivenalongwithalltheothersbythiswave.So,doyouthinkmodemarchitecturecanexistinharmonywithtraditionalarchitecture?Whatshouldbegivenpriority,thepreservationofChinesetraditionalarchitectureortheconstructionofmodembuildings?Andwhy?AdditionalMaterialsActivityOneDirections:Thepicturesbelowmustbefamiliartoyou.Theyarethemostrecognizableimagesofthemodernworldandthemostphotographed.Let’sworktogethertofindouttheirnamesandlocations,aswellastheyeartheywereconstructed.Feelfreetoshareanythingyouknowaboutthem.Tips:Colosseum(Rome),80ADSydneyOperaHouse,1973St.Paul’sCathedral,London,1708LeaningTowerofPisa,1372PetronasTower,KualaLumpur,1996TajMahal,India,1648ActivityTwoDirections:Architectureistheartoftellingstories.Sometimes,thestoryofwhathappenedinthatbuildingalsobecomespartofthebuilding.Youmightbefamiliarwiththefollowingcartoon.Workwithyourpartnertoreceivewhathappenedthatday.Tips:Accordingtothetraditionalaccount,torefutetheAristoteliannotionthatheavierobjectsfallfasterthanlightones,GalileoperformedanexperimentfromthetopoftheleaningtowerofPisa.Hedroppedtwospheresofdifferentweightandobservedthatbothhitthegroundatthesametime.Galileocorrectlyreasonedthatwhenanobjectfallsmoreslowly,itisduetoairresistance.Backgroundinformation1.TheLeaningTowerofPisaTheLeaningTowerofPisa,orsimplyTheTowerofPisa,isthecampanile,orfreestandingbelltower,ofthecathedraloftheItaliancityofPisa.ItissituatedbehindthecathedralandisthethirdoldeststructureinPisa’sPiazzadelDuomo(Cath