隧道施工項目六支護施工課件

Tunnelconstruction

隧道施工

項目六支護施工Project6Supportconstruction任務一初期支護Task1InitialSupport——錨桿施工Anchorconstruction學習目標Learningobjectives2知識目標Knowledgeobjectives通過本任務的學習，學生應能夠識讀錨桿布置圖、能夠掌握砂漿錨桿和中空注漿錨桿的施工工藝；能夠掌握錨桿施工過程中的質(zhì)量控制要點；Throughthestudyofthistask,studentsshouldbeabletoreadtheanchorlayoutdrawingsandmastertheconstructionprocessofmortaranchorrodsandhollowgroutinganchorrods;Beabletograspthekeypointsofqualitycontrolintheconstructionprocessofanchorrods;能力目標Competencyobjectives通過本任務的學習，學生應能初步具備根據(jù)施工圖紙布置錨桿孔位、編制錨桿施工技術交底、指導錨桿施工等能力。Throughthestudyofthistask,studentsshouldbeabletoinitiallyhavetheabilitytoarrangeanchorholesaccordingtoconstructiondrawings,prepareanchorconstructiontechnologytocrossthebottom,andguideanchorconstruction.四、錨桿Anchorrods錨桿的布置Arrangementofanchorrods1.局部布置Partialarrangement加固不穩(wěn)塊體，隧道拱頂受拉破壞區(qū)為重點加固區(qū)域Reinforcetheunstableblock,andthetunnelvaultispulledanddamagedasthekeyreinforcementarea2.系統(tǒng)布置Systemlayout在破碎和軟弱圍巖中，一般采用系統(tǒng)布置的錨桿，對圍巖起到整個加固作用。Inthebrokenandweaksurroundingrock,theanchorrodsarrangedsystematicallyaregenerallyusedtostrengthenthesurroundingrockasawhole.（1）在隧道橫斷面上，錨桿宜垂直隧道周邊輪廓布置Onthecross-sectionofthetunnel,theanchorrodshouldbearrangedverticallyaroundtheperimeterofthetunnel（2）在巖面上錨桿宜成菱形排列Anchorsontherockfaceshouldbearrangedinadiamondshape（3）間距不宜大于錨桿長度的1/2Thespacingshouldnotbegreaterthan1/2ofthelengthoftheanchorrod四、錨桿Anchorrods錨桿施工Anchorconstruction1.砂漿錨桿施工Mortaranchorconstruction⑴材料及配合比Materialandmixratio鋼筋：錨桿桿體宜用HRB335、HRB400級帶肋鋼筋，桿徑直徑不宜小于φ22mm，使用前應平直、除銹、除油；Reinforcement:theanchorrodbodyshoulduseHRB335,HRB400graderibbedsteelbar,thediameteroftherodshouldnotbelessthanφ22mm,beforeuseshouldbestraight,rustremoval,oilremoval;水泥：選用不低于32.5號的普通硅酸鹽水泥；Cement:ordinaryPortlandcementofnolessthan32.5isselected;砂子：宜用中細砂，粒徑不應大于2.5mm使用前嚴格過篩；Sand:itisadvisabletousemediumfinesand,andtheparticlesizeshouldnotbegreaterthan2.5mmbeforeuse.速凝劑：速凝劑使用前應作速凝效果試驗，一般要求初凝不大于5分鐘；Quick-settingagent:therapid-settingagentshouldbetestedforquick-settingeffectbeforeuse,andtheinitialcoagulationisgenerallyrequiredtobenomorethan5minutes;砂漿配合比：水泥砂漿強度等級不應低于M20，砂膠比宜為1：1～1：2（重量比），水灰比：0.38～0.45。Mortarmixratio:cementmortarstrengthgradeshouldnotbelowerthanM20,sandandglueratioshouldbe1:1~1:2(weightratio),waterashratio:0.38~0.45四、錨桿Anchorrods錨桿施工Anchorconstruction2.中空注漿錨桿施工Hollowgroutinganchorrodconstruction⑴類型type普通中空注漿錨桿；Ordinaryhollowgroutinganchorrod;組合式中空注漿錨桿；Combinedhollowgroutinganchorrod;自進式中空注漿錨桿Self-propelledhollowgroutinganchorrod（2）錨桿直徑和長度Anchordiameterandlength錨桿目前常用的型號：Thecurrentlycommonlyusedmodelsofanchorrods:φ20、φ22mm、φ25mm；長度一般為2~3.5m；Thelengthisgenerally2to3.5m四、錨桿Anchorrods錨桿施工Anchorconstruction（3）中空注漿錨桿施工(3)Hollowgroutinganchorconstruction⑴鉆孔：用錨桿鉆機或風槍鉆孔。(1)Drilling:Drillholeswithanchordrillsorairguns.⑵錨桿安裝：錨桿由人工安設，應保持錨桿的外露長度10～15cm，然后安裝孔口帽（止?jié){塞）。(2)Anchorrodinstallation:Theanchorrodismanuallyinstalled,andtheexposedlengthoftheanchorrodshouldbemaintainedtobe10to15cm,andthentheorificecap(groutplug)shouldbeinstalled.⑶注漿準備：為了保證連續(xù)不間斷注漿，注漿前認真檢查注漿泵的狀況是否良好；檢查制漿的原材料是否備齊，質(zhì)量是否合格。(3)Groutingpreparation:Inordertoensurecontinuousuninterruptedgrouting,carefullycheckwhethertheconditionofthegroutingpumpisgoodbeforegrouting;Checkwhethertherawmaterialsforpulpingarereadyandthequalityisqualified.⑷注漿作業(yè)：將錨桿、注漿管及注漿泵用快速接頭連接好。開動注漿泵注漿，直至漿液從孔口周邊溢出或壓力表達到設計壓力值為止。(4)Groutingoperation:theanchorrod,groutingpipeandgroutingpumpareconnectedwithquickcouplings.Startthegroutingpumpforgroutinguntiltheslurryspillsfromtheperipheryoftheorificeorthepressureisexpressedtothedesignpressurevalue.施工準備初噴混凝土面上標注孔位鉆孔清孔不合格合格安裝墊板質(zhì)量檢驗補強處理結束砂漿錨桿孔中壓入砂漿插入錨桿體固定錨桿體、待強早強藥包錨桿浸濕藥包孔中塞入藥包頂入錨桿體、待強原材料檢驗錨桿加工砂漿配比砂漿錨桿施工工藝早強藥包：是指快硬水泥卷、早強砂漿卷或樹脂作為錨固劑Earlystrengthmedicinepackage:referstofasthardcementroll,earlystrengthmortarrollorresinasanchoringagentConstructionpreparationLabelpositionRawmaterialexperimentsAnchorrodmachiningMortarratioGroutingInserttheanchorbarFixtheanchorrodReinforcementprocessingEndqualifiedNon-conformingQualityinspectionInserttheanchorbarStuffintothepacketEarlystrengthagentWetthemedicinepackInstallthegasketClearholesdrillMortaranchorrod四、錨桿Anchorrods錨桿施工Anchorconstruction1.砂漿錨桿施工Mortaranchorconstruction⑴材料及配合比Materialandmixratio鋼筋：錨桿桿體宜用HRB335、HRB400級帶肋鋼筋，桿徑直徑不宜小于φ22mm，使用前應平直、除銹、除油；Reinforcement:theanchorrodbodyshoulduseHRB335,HRB400graderibbedsteelbar,thediameteroftherodshouldnotbelessthanφ22mm,beforeuseshouldbestraight,rustremoval,oilremoval;水泥：選用不低于32.5號的普通硅酸鹽水泥；Cement:ordinaryPortlandcementofnolessthan32.5isselected;砂子：宜用中細砂，粒徑不應大于2.5mm使用前嚴格過篩；Sand:itisadvisabletousemediumfinesand,andtheparticlesizeshouldnotbegreaterthan2.5mmbeforeuse.速凝劑：速凝劑使用前應作速凝效果試驗，一般要求初凝不大于5分鐘；Quick-settingagent:therapid-settingagentshouldbetestedforquick-settingeffectbeforeuse,andtheinitialcoagulationisgenerallyrequiredtobenomorethan5minutes;砂漿配合比：水泥砂漿強度等級不應低于M20，砂膠比宜為1：1～1：2（重量比），水灰比：0.38～0.45。Mortarmixratio:cementmortarstrengthgradeshouldnotbelowerthanM20,sandandglueratioshouldbe1:1~1:2(weightratio),waterashratio:0.38~0.45.原材料檢驗確定漿液配比漿液制備組裝錨頭、鋼筋錨桿體、連接套、中空錨桿體、排氣管、止?jié){塞組裝中空錨桿體、排氣管、止?jié){塞安裝錨桿、錨