高三英語外刊閱讀：治愈系食物黃桃罐頭走紅

高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀外刊精選｜黃桃罐頭走紅背后：為何就是念念不忘那一口？最近，黃桃罐頭意外爆紅，許多人都說它是自己生病時的慰藉，吃上一口，好像就又回到了小時候，由疾病帶來的不適和焦灼也逐漸消散。其實在英文中有個詞語，叫做“comfortfood”，指的就是像黃桃罐頭這類吃了以后讓人覺得非常放松的美食，它們也被稱為治愈系食物。那么，為什么人們格外懷念某類食物？這些食物又是如何帶給我們慰藉之感的？TheScienceofComfortFoodByMelindaWennerMoyerTurkeyisnotmything,butonedishIcannotlivewithoutonThanksgivingismymom’sSnowyMashedPotatoes.I’mprettysureI’vehadthemateveryThanksgivingsinceIwasatoddler,andbitesoftentransportmebacktodifferentyearsanddifferentdiningrooms.Howandwhyisitthatcertainfoodsgiveussomuchpleasure?Ourbrainsrewardusmoreforsomefoodsthanforothers.Carbohydratesincreasebrainlevelsofserotonin,achemicalthatenhancesmood."Aftereatingthesefoods,wefeelcalm,wefeelhappy,"saidDr.UmaNaidoo,aprofessionalchefandnutritionalpsychiatristatMassachusettsGeneralHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchool.Certainfoodsareespeciallyemotionallysatisfyingforreasonsthathavelittletodowiththeirtasteornutritionalcontent,though.Mymom’smashedpotatoesremindmeofholidayjoyandpastreunionswithextendedfamily.Wearedrawntofoodsweweregivenearlyinlifebypeoplewhocaredforus,whichcanhelpexplainourcollectiveloveforchickennoodlesoup,whichmanyparentsfeedtheirsickchildrentomakethemfeelbetter.Thesmelloffoodcanevokepowerfulmemories,too.Ourmemoryforsmellsislong-lastingandprecise,especiallywhenitcomestoscentswewerefirstexposedtoinchildhood.That’swhyyoumightcatchawhiffofpumpkinpiebakingintheovenandbetransportedbacktothefirsttimeyoubakeditwithyourgrandmother.【詞匯過關(guān)】請寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.carbohydrate[kɑ?b???ha?dre?t]n.______________________________________2.serotonin[ser??t??n?n]n.______________________________________3.emotionally[??m???nli]adv.______________________________________4.draw[dr??]v.______________________________________5.collective[k??lekt?v]adj.______________________________________6.evoke[??v??k]v.______________________________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請從文章中找到下面中文相對應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.______________________________________不是某人喜歡或擅長的事2.______________________________________豆雪泥3.______________________________________把某人帶回到另一個地點或時間4.______________________________________營養(yǎng)精神醫(yī)師5.______________________________________與……無關(guān)或關(guān)系不大6.______________________________________大家庭（從核心家庭延展出去的關(guān)系網(wǎng)）7.______________________________________小時侯8.______________________________________讓某人接觸、體驗到某物9.______________________________________一股淡淡的氣味10.______________________________________治愈性食物，慰藉食物拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解Theriseofsatellite-enabledGPSwasrevolutionaryfornavigation,andwiththeriseofmobilephones,anyonecanhavetheirpersonalnavigation.GPSnavigationappsenableegocentric(自我中心的)navigationwitheasy-to-followturn-by-turndirections.Withtheseconveniencesatourfingertips,wearenolongeractivenavigators,wearepassivepassengersaboardtheGPS.However,multipleexperimentshaveshownthatthiseasyegocentricnavigationalsoreducesspatialawarenessandmentalmappingwhencomparedtomoretraditionalformslikepapermaps.Ourquestionis:CanwefindawaytostilluseGPSbutreducetheharmfuleffectsofcurrentGPSnavigationonmemory?ThechallengeistocreatealternativeformsofGPSnavigationthatwillremaineasyenoughforthegeneralpublic,butalsoenabletraditionalnavigationandthusbemorelikelytoimprovespatialawareness.Ourresearchfindsthatappropriately-designedaudiobeacons(聲音指引)offeranalternativethatdevelopsamuchmoreactiveformofegocentricnavigation.Insteadofguidinguserstoturnrightandturnleftonthewaytotheirdesireddestination,wecanchangealocationofinteresttoadistinctiveauditorybeaconviaearbudsorheadphones.Ourauditorynavigationapplication,knownasSoundscape,hasaneffectthatresemblesachurchbell,whereloudringingofthebellorcallstoprayercanbeheardatgreatdistance;ourwould-benavigatorcanmakewaybyheadingtowardthesound.Auditorybeaconnavigationisanexampleofhowweareenteringintoanerawherenegativeeffectsofautomationonourbrainhealthwillbeattheforefrontoftechnologicaldevelopment.Technologydoesnotneedtoreplaceourevolutionaryfunctionsanddistanceusfromourenvironments,butratherwithappropriatedesigncanaddthesensoryinputsprocessedbyourbrain.Perhapsinsteadofevolvingintoanewspeciesofturn-by-turnzombies,wecantherebyallengagemoredeeplywithhumanity,ourlocalenvironmentandlifeitself.5．HowdoesGPSnavigationnegativelyaffectpeople?A．Itturnspeopleintoactivenavigators.B．Itmakespeopledeveloptobeselfish.C．Itweakenstheirabilitiestofindtheirways.D．Itencouragespeopleformbadhabitswhiledriving.6．WhatmakesitdifficulttoreducetheharmfuleffectsofcurrentGPSnavigation?A．Creatingnewappstoimprovehealth.B．Replacingthosetechnologicalfunctions.C．Makingalternativeformsmoreintelligent.D．Combiningtheconveniencesandtraditionalways.7．Whatisthepossiblesolutionmentionedinthetext?A．Properlydesignedsignalguides. B．Distinctiveheadphones.C．Newspeciesofturningzombies. D．Automatedbrainprocessors.8．Whatcanbeinferredinthelastparagraph?A．Technologywilldistancepeoplefromtheenvironment.B．Technologyisnotnecessarilyconnectedtopeople’slifestyle.C．It’simpossibletowipeoutallthenegativeeffectsoftechnology.D．Agooddesignistodevelopabondbetweentechnologyandhumaninstinct.

外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.carbohydrate[kɑ?b???ha?dre?t]n.碳水化合物（簡稱carb）2.serotonin[ser??t??n?n]n.血清素3.emotionally[??m???nli]adv.情感上地4.draw[dr??]v.吸引（attract）5.collective[k??lekt?v]adj.共同的，集體的6.evoke[??v??k]v.喚起【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請從文章中找到下面中文相對應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.notone’sthing不是某人喜歡或擅長的事2.SnowyMashedPotatoes土豆雪泥3.transportsomebodybacktosomething把某人帶回到另一個地點或時間4.nutritionalpsychiatrist營養(yǎng)精神醫(yī)師5.havelittletodowithsomething與……無關(guān)或關(guān)系不大6.extendedfamily大家庭（從核心家庭延展出去的關(guān)系網(wǎng)）7.earlyinlife小時侯8.exposesomebodytosomething讓某人接觸、體驗到某物9.awhiffofsomething一股淡淡的氣味10.comfortfood治愈性食物，慰藉食物【全文翻譯】治愈性食物背后的科學(xué)原理火雞不是我的菜，但在感恩節(jié)有一道菜我不能不吃，那就是我媽媽做的土豆雪泥。我敢肯定，從很小的時候開始，每個感恩節(jié)我都會吃到這道菜；幾口下肚，就能讓我穿越回到不同的年月和不同的餐廳里。為什么某些食物會給我們帶來諸多愉悅？它們又是如何做到的呢？其實，某些食物相比其他食物更能調(diào)動我們大腦的獎勵機(jī)制。比如碳水化合物能增加大腦的血清素含量，這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以提升情緒。烏瑪·奈杜博士（Dr.UmaNaidoo）是一名專業(yè)廚師，也是麻省總醫(yī)院和哈佛大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的營養(yǎng)精神醫(yī)師，她說：“吃完這些食物，我們就能平靜下來，感到愉悅?！庇行┦澄镉绕淠茏屛覀冊谇楦猩汐@得滿足，不過背后的原因與它們的味道或者營養(yǎng)成分沒什么關(guān)系。比如我媽媽做的土豆泥，就讓我回想起了節(jié)日的快樂，還有那時候和整個大家庭團(tuán)聚的喜悅。我們總是會對小時候悉心照料自己的家人準(zhǔn)備的食物念念不忘；而為什么那么多人都愛雞湯面，也就說得通了，因為小孩子一生病，許多父母都會做一碗雞湯面，讓孩子喝了后舒服些。同樣地，食物的氣味也能喚起我們心底深刻的回憶。我們對氣味的記憶持久而精確，尤其是我們在童年第一次聞到的食物香氣。這就是為什么當(dāng)你聞到烤箱里飄來的南瓜派的淡淡香氣，就會回想起人生第一次和祖母一起烤南瓜派的時光。拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解5．C6．D7．A8．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了GPS是如何影響我們的記憶能力以及我們可以為之做些什么。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,multipleexperimentshaveshownthatthiseasyegocentricnavigationalsoreducesspatialawarenessandmentalmappingwhencomparedtomoretraditionalformslikepapermaps.(然而，多個實驗表明，與紙質(zhì)地圖等更傳統(tǒng)的形式相比，這種簡單的以自我為中心的導(dǎo)航也會減少空間意識和心理地圖。)”可知，GPS導(dǎo)航削弱了人們的空間感和心理地圖，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。故選C。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThechallengeistocreatealternativeformsofGPSnavigationthatwillremaineasyenoughforthegeneralpublic,butalsoenabletraditionalnavigationandthusbemorelikelytoimprovespatialawareness.(我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是創(chuàng)造出另一種形式的GPS導(dǎo)航，既要對公眾來說足夠簡單，又要使傳統(tǒng)的導(dǎo)航功能得以實現(xiàn)，從而更有可能提