Unit4AdversityandCourage單詞講解課件-2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語人教版選擇性

adversity/ad'v3:sati/n.困境；逆境派生詞：adversary（n.對手；敵手）≈hardship,difficulty,trouble?ease,fort短語：inthefaceofadversity（面對逆境）例句：sheshowedgreatcourageinthefaceofadversity.（她在逆境中表現(xiàn)出極大的勇氣。）wagen.工資≈salary,pay,ine?debt債務(wù)例句：theworkersaredemandingawageincrease.（工人們要求增加工資。）bitteradj.嚴(yán)寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的派生詞：bitterness（n.苦味；痛苦；怨恨）≈harsh?sweet,pleasant短語：bittercold（嚴(yán)寒）；bitterdispute（激烈的爭論）例句：thebittercoldwindmadeitdifficulttogooutside.（嚴(yán)寒的風(fēng)讓人很難出門。）expeditionn.探險；遠(yuǎn)征；探險隊≈journey,voyage,adventure短語：goonanexpedition（去探險）例句：theywentonanexpeditiontotheantarctic.（他們?nèi)ツ蠘O探險。）endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力派生詞：endure（v.忍受；忍耐；持續(xù)）；endurable（adj.可忍受的；能持久的）≈tolerance,perseverance?impatience例句：hisendurancewastestedtothelimit.（他的忍耐力受到了極限考驗。）vigourn.精力；力量；活力派生詞：vigorous（adj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的）≈energy,vitality,strength?weakness,fatigue短語：withvigour（精力充沛地）例句：hesetabouthisworkwithgreatvigour.（他精力充沛地開始工作。）turnsbdown拒絕（某人）≈reject,refuse?accept,approve,agreeto短語：turndownanoffer（拒絕一個提議）例句：sheturnedhimdownwhenheaskedherout.（當(dāng)他約她出去時，她拒絕了他。）qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備??的知識（或技能、學(xué)歷等）派生詞：qualify（v.使具備資格；使合格）；qualification（n.資格；條件）≈petent,capable,eligible?unqualified,inpetent短語：bequalifiedfor（有資格做……）例句：heisqualifiedforthejob.（他有資格做這份工作。）enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心派生詞：enthusiasm（n.熱情；熱心）；enthusiastically（adv.熱情地；熱心地）≈passionate,eager,excited?indifferent,unenthusiastic短語：beenthusiasticabout（對……熱情）例句：sheisveryenthusiasticaboutlearningenglish.（她對學(xué)習(xí)英語非常熱情。）aboardadv.&prep.上（船、飛機、公共汽車等）≈onboard,inside,within?ashore（上岸；在岸上）短語：goaboard（上船/飛機等）例句：wewentaboardtheshipearlyinthemorning.（我們一大早就上了船。）cupboardn.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜≈closet,cabinet,locker短語：inthecupboard（在櫥柜里）例句：therearesomedishesinthecupboard.（櫥柜里有一些盤子。）assignvt.分派；布置；分配派生詞：assignment（n.任務(wù)；作業(yè)；分配）≈allocate,distribute,?withdraw撤回短語：assignsthtosb（把某物分配給某人）例句：theteacherassignedalittlehomeworktothestudents.（老師給學(xué)生布置了一些作業(yè)。）stewardn.（輪船、飛機或火車上的）乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員≈waiter,servant例句：Thestewardhelpedthepassengersfindtheirseats.（乘務(wù)員幫助乘客找到他們的座位。）envyn.&vt.羨慕；妒忌派生詞：envious（adj.羨慕的；忌妒的）≈jealousy?contentment,satisfaction例句：IenvYtowardsherfriend'ssuccess.（她對朋友的成功感到羨慕。）crushv.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n.擁擠的人群≈squash,smash,grind?build,construct,create例句：therewasacrushofpeopleattheconcert.（音樂會上有一群擁擠的人。）sinkvi.(sanksunk)沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒≈descend,submerge,drop?rise,ascend,float短語：sinkinto（陷入）例句：theshipsankintothesea.（船沉入了大海。）abandonv.舍棄；拋棄；放棄≈desert,forsake,leave?keep,retain,maintain短語：abandononeselfto（沉溺于）例句：heabandonedhimselftodespair.（他陷入了絕望。）stoven.爐具；廚房灶具派生詞：stovetop（n.爐灶面）≈oven,cooker,range例句：putthekettleonthestove.（把水壺放在爐子上。）blanketn.毯子≈cover,rug例句：Ablanketofsnowcoveredtheground.（一層雪覆蓋了地面。）belongingsn.［pl.」財物；動產(chǎn)派生詞：belong（v.屬于）≈possessions,property,effects短語：personalbelongings（個人財物）例句：hepackedhispersonalbelongingsandleft.（他收拾好個人財物離開了。）banjon.班卓琴派生詞：banjoist（n.班卓琴演奏者）例句：heisgoodatplayingthebanjo.（他擅長彈班卓琴。）miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的派生詞：misery（n.痛苦；悲慘；窮困）≈unhappy,sad,wretched?happy,content,cheerful短語：amiserablelife（悲慘的生活）例句：helivedamiserablelifeinthepast.（他過去過著悲慘的生活。）voyagen.&vi.航海；航行派生詞：voyager（n.航海者；航行者）≈journey,trip,cruise例句：theywentonavoyagearoundtheworld.（他們進行了一次環(huán)球航海旅行。）navyn.海軍；海軍部隊派生詞：naval（adj.海軍的；軍艦的）≈fleet,maritimeforce短語：jointhenavy（加入海軍）例句：hejoinedthenavyaftergraduatingfromhighschool.（他高中畢業(yè)后加入了海軍。）decentadj.相當(dāng)不錯的；正派的；得體的派生詞：decency（n.正派；得體；體面）≈respectable,proper,appropriate?indecent,improper短語：adecentjob（一份不錯的工作）例句：hehasadecentjobinthecity.（他在城里有一份不錯的工作。）cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的派生詞：cosiness（n.舒適；愜意）≈fortable,snug,warm?unfortable,cold,drafty短語：acosyroom（溫馨的房間）例句：wesatinthecosyroomandtalked.（我們坐在溫馨的房間里聊天。）selfishadj.自私的派生詞：selfishness（n.自私）≈selfcentered,greedy,egotistical?selfless,altruistic,generous短語：aselfishperson（一個自私的人）例句：heisaselfishpersonandneverthinksaboutothers.（他是個自私的人，從不為別人著想。）good–tempered adj.脾氣好的/壞的派生詞：goodtemper（n.好脾氣）≈amiable,gentle,kindhearted?badtempered,irritable,grouchy短語：agoodtemperedperson（一個脾氣好的人）例句：mymotherisagoodtemperedpersonandalwayssmiles.（我媽媽是個脾氣好的人，總是面帶微笑。）genuineadj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的派生詞：genuineness（n.真實；真誠）≈authentic,real,true?false,fake,counterfeit短語：agenuinesmile（真誠的微笑）例句：shegavemeagenuinesmilewhenshesawme.（她看到我時給了我一個真誠的微笑。）perseverancen.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神派生詞：persevere（vi.堅持；孜孜以求）；persevering（adj.堅持不懈的；不屈不撓的）≈persistence,determination?quitting,givingup例句：Withperseverance,hefinallyachievedhisgoal.（憑借堅持不懈的精神，他最終實現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。）perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求派生詞：perseverance（n.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神）；persevering（adj.堅持不懈的；不屈不撓的）≈persist,continue,keepon?stop,abandon,giveup例句：heperseveredinhisstudiesdespitethedifficulties.（盡管困難重重，他還是堅持學(xué)習(xí)。）resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決（問題或困難）n.決心；堅定的信念派生詞：resolution（n.決議；解決；堅定）；resolved（adj.下定決心的；堅定的）≈decide,determine,settle?hesitate,waver,beindecisive短語：resolvetodosth（決心做某事）例句：heresolvedtoworkharderinthefuture.（他決心今后更加努力工作。）resolutionn.決議；解決；堅定派生詞：resolve（vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決）；resolved（adj.下定決心的；堅定的）≈decision,determination,solution短語：makearesolution（下決心；做出決議）例句：shemadearesolutiontoloseweightthisyear.（她今年下定決心要減肥。）crewn.（輪船、飛機等上面的）全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人≈team,staff,workforce短語：flightcrew（機組人員）；groundcrew（地勤人員）例句：thecrewoftheshipworkedhardtokeepitafloat.（船上的全體船員努力使船保持漂浮狀態(tài)。）crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的派生詞：cruelty（n.殘酷；殘忍；殘暴的行為）；cruelly（adv.殘酷地；殘忍地）≈brutal,harsh,inhumane?kind,gentle,merciful短語：becruelto（對……殘酷）例句：it'swrongtobecrueltoanimals.（虐待動物是不對的。）thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細(xì)致的派生詞：thoroughly（adv.徹底地；完全地；非常）；thoroughness（n.徹底；完全）≈plete,prehensive,exhaustive?inplete,superficial,cursory短語：athoroughinvestigation（徹底的調(diào)查）例句：weneedtomakeathoroughinvestigationofthismatter.（我們需要對這件事進行徹底的調(diào)查。）furnituren.家具例句：thereisapieceofnewfurnitureinthelivingroom.（客廳里有一件新家具。）unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地派生詞：unfortunate（adj.不幸的；遺憾的）；fortune（n.運氣；財富）≈sadly,regrettably,unluckily?fortunately,luckily,happily例句：Unfortunately,hemissedthelasttrain.（對他來說不幸的是，他錯過了最后一班火車。）fortunatelyadv.幸運地派生詞：fortune（n.運氣；財富）;fortunate（adj.幸運的）；≈luckily,happily,providentially?unfortunately,unluckily,regrettably例句：Fortunatelyforus,theweatherturnedouttobefine.（對我們來說幸運的是，天氣結(jié)果很好。）barkvi.&n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫聲≈growl（表示狗叫相關(guān)的近義詞）例句：thedogbarkedatthestranger.（狗對著陌生人吠叫。）rugbyn.橄欖球運動例句：helikestoplayrugbyinhisfreetime.（他喜歡在業(yè)余時間打橄欖球。）batn.球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球板擊球；揮打；拍打派生詞：batter（n.擊球手）≈racket（作“球拍”講時）例句：heboughtanewbaseballbat.（他買了一根新的棒球棒。）dampadj.潮濕的；濕氣重的≈moist,wet,humid?dry,arid,parched例句：Thedampweathermademefeelunfortable.（潮濕的天氣讓我感到不舒服。）recreationn.娛樂派生詞：recreate（v.再現(xiàn)；重建；娛樂）；recreational（adj.娛樂的；消遣的）≈entertainment,amusement,pastime?work,labor例句：Thereisalargerecreationcenterinourcity.（我們城市有一個大型的娛樂中心。）guidancen.指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航派生詞：guide（v.指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；帶領(lǐng)n.導(dǎo)游；向?qū)?；指南）；guiding（adj.指導(dǎo)的；導(dǎo)向的）≈direction,instruction,advice?misguidance,misdirection例句：Undertheguidanceoftheteacher,thestudentsmadegreatprogress.（在老師的指導(dǎo)下，學(xué)生們?nèi)〉昧撕艽蟮倪M步。）nephewn.侄子例句：mynephewisverycuteandsmart.（我的侄子/外甥非?？蓯酆吐斆?。）advertisingn.廣告活動；廣告業(yè)派生詞：advertise（vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告）；advertiser（n.廣告商；廣告客戶）≈promotion,publicity,marketing例句：thepanylaunchedanewadvertisingcampaign.（這家公司發(fā)起了一項新的廣告活動。）advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告派生詞：advertising（n.廣告活動；廣告業(yè)）；advertisement（n.廣告；啟事）；advertiser（n.廣告商；廣告客戶）≈promote,publicize,market?conceal,hide,suppress短語：advertisefor（登廣告征求/尋找）例句：theyadvertisedforanewsecretary.（他們登廣告招聘一名新秘書。）corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團的派生詞：corporation（n.公司；企業(yè)；法人團體）；corporately（adv.共同地；全體地）≈pany,business,institutional?individual,personal短語：corporateculture（企業(yè)文化）例句：thepanyhasastrongcorporateculture.（這家公司有很強的企業(yè)文化。）roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的派生詞：roughly（adv.粗略地；大致上；粗暴地）；roughness（n.粗糙；粗暴）≈coarse,uneven,harsh?smooth,gentle,refined短語：inrough（未完成的；粗略的）；aroughsea（波濤洶涌的大海）例句：theseawasrough,andthewaveswerehigh.（大海波濤洶涌，海浪很高。）navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員；（飛機、船舶等上的）航行者派生詞：navigate（v.導(dǎo)航；航行；駕駛）；navigation（n.航行；導(dǎo)航；航海術(shù)）；navigational（adj.航行的；導(dǎo)航的）≈pilot,steersman,sailor短語：chiefnavigator（領(lǐng)航長）例句：thenavigatorhelpedtheshipfindtherightdirection.（領(lǐng)航員幫助船找到了正確的方向。）loyaladj.忠誠的；忠實的派生詞：loyalty（n.忠誠；忠實；忠心）；loyally（adv.忠誠地；忠心地）≈faithful,devoted,steadfast?disloyal,faithless,treacherous短語：beloyalto（對……忠誠）例句：heisalwaysloyaltohisfriends.（他總是對他的朋友忠誠。）motorn.發(fā)動機；馬達(dá)派生詞：motorize（v.給……裝上發(fā)動機；使機動化）；motorist（n.駕車者；開車的人）；motorway（n.高速公路）≈engine,powerunit短語：motorvehicle（機動車）；motoroil（機油）例句：themotorofthecarisnotworkingproperly.（汽車的發(fā)動機運轉(zhuǎn)不正常。）candidaten.候選人；應(yīng)試者派生詞：candidacy（n.候選人資格；候選地位）；candid（adj.坦誠的；直言不諱的；公正的）≈applicant,nominee,hopeful短語：candidatefor（……的候選人）例句：heisacandidateforthepositionofmanager.（他是經(jīng)理職位的候選人。）makefire生火≈buildafire,lightafire?p