江蘇專版2025版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習專題3閱讀理解第四節(jié)主旨大意題一標題歸納題學(xué)案牛津譯林版

PAGEPAGE1一、標題歸納題(2024·江蘇，D)The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s(阿爾茲海默癥).Hewaslosinghismemory.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession，Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano，andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion，thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.Melissa，hisdaughter，feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic，towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.Naomi，Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist，gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.“Whydothis？”Stevewondered.“Becauseshecares，”Melissasaid.Stevenodded，tearineye.NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench，handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano.Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses，heartsinking.ButStevepressedon，playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.“Itwasbeautiful，”Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”Herresponsibility，herprivilege，wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwasstillinSteveGoodwin.Itwashiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano，andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano，eyesclosed，listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcode：lines，beats，intervals，movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tplayit.WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday，Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording，arecordingoflossandlove，ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”.Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts.Stevestruggling，searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard，andSteve，angryandupset，saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim，tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite，andmostpersonal，songs.WithNaomi’shelp，theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2024OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert，Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind：“MelancholyFlower”.ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.Aftertheconcert，NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow，morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.Bythen，Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow，surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一位父親因為患阿爾茲海默癥而漸漸失去記憶，女兒珍視父親為她在兒時演奏過的那些陪她入睡的音樂，為了讓這暖和的“獨家音樂”不失傳，她請懂音樂的摯友把父親的音樂錄制下來。65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic?A.Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.B.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.C.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.D.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.答案C解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容可知，父親Steve是一位鋼琴愛好者，是家里唯一一位音樂家，再依據(jù)第三段中的“Melissa，hisdaughter，feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic，towhichshefellasleepeachnightwhenshewasyoung.”可知，父親Steve的音樂陪伴了Melissa的成長，因此Melissa覺得它對于這個家庭有著特殊的意義，值得被保存，故本題答案為C。66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying，Naomi.A.refusedtomakeacommentonitB.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusicC.decidedtofreeStevefromsufferingD.regrettedofferinghelptoherfriend答案B解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第十段“‘Itwasbeautiful，’Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.‘Themusicwasworthsaving.’”可知，聽完Steve的演奏之后，Naomi對他的音樂很是贊許，故本題答案為B。67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed?A.Itwasslowbutproductive.B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth.C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi.D.ItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.答案A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第十二段“NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano，andthenshe’dtakehisplace.”及第十四段“WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong...”可知，音樂的錄制過程雖然緩慢，但是頗有成效，故本題答案為A。68.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower”，hiswifeJoni.A.thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhaustedB.didn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtaboutC.didn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusicD.broughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第七段最終兩句“Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.”以及下文中提到“Steve的音樂在音樂會上被演奏并得到認可及其對Steve的影響”可知，Joni之前并沒有充分意識到Steve的音樂的價值。故本題答案為C。69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland?A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness.B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic.C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic.D.Hegotintoastateofquiet.答案D解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終兩段的內(nèi)容尤其是倒數(shù)其次段中的“Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.”可知，在音樂會上，他的心情很安靜。故本題答案為D。70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheKindnessofFriends B.ThePowerofMusicC.TheMakingofaMusician D.TheValueofDetermination答案B解析標題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第九段中的“WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.”可知，音樂錄制給父親帶來了巨大的變更，甚至激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)作歌曲的信念。由此可知，“音樂的力氣”最適合作本文標題。一、題型解讀記敘文、說明文和爭論文三種文體涉及的不同話題的閱讀材料都會考查到標題歸納題。一個好的標題應(yīng)具備三大特點：概括——精確而又簡短；針對性——標題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；醒目——能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。設(shè)問形式常有：(1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?(2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text?(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?(4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis.二、解題技巧1.“高度概括”定標題(1)所選文章標題須能概括全文的中心內(nèi)容。標題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。為吸引讀者的留意，標題往往比較醒目。(2)一般文章的標題可依據(jù)主題句來推斷，但在某些文章中，如記敘文，沒有明確的主題句，須要依據(jù)文中的事實細微環(huán)節(jié)，查找文章的“主線”，歸納出文章的主題。2.文章標題三特點(1)一般為單詞、短語或句子形式，短語居多；(2)短小精悍，精確性強；(3)涵蓋性強，能覆蓋全文大意。例如：【真題感悟】中第70題，通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第九段中的“WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.”可知，音樂錄制給父親帶來了巨大的變更，甚至激發(fā)了他創(chuàng)作歌曲的信念。由此可知，“音樂的力氣”最適合作本文標題。ALaughterispartofthe1universalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili，wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.We’rebornwiththecapacitytolaugh.Verylittleisknownaboutthespecificbrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughter.5Contrarytofolkwisdom，mostlaughterisnotabouthumor；itisaboutrelationships.12Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10-yearperiod，westudiedover2,000casesofnaturally10occurringlaughter.Wefoundthatmostlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements，suchas，“HerecomesMary.”“Howdidyoudoonthetest？”or“Doyouhavearubberband？”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes.Webelievelaughter6evolvedfromthepanting(喘氣的)behaviorofourancientancestors.Today，ifwetickle(使發(fā)癢)chimps，theydon’tlaugh.But，instead，theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter，andit’stherootofhumanlaughter.Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter，likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay，buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats，forexample，producehighsoundsduringplayandwhentickled，buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter.Laughterisoftenpositive，butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“l(fā)aughingwith”and“l(fā)aughingat”.Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup.Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentageslaugh，butyoungchildrenprobablylaughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.Worknow2underwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter，howithasevolved，andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling.語篇解讀本文是一篇爭論文。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最暖和的語言。本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。1.Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch?A.Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumor.B.Tofindouttherealreasonforpeople’slaughter.C.Toresearchpeople’sdifferentreactiononjokes.D.Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls.答案B解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的“thedecade’sresearch”可定位至文章其次段最終兩句，由該段倒數(shù)其次句“Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh...”可知，這十年的探討是為了弄清晰人類什么時候以及為什么會笑。故B項正確。2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore.B.Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled.C.Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell.D.Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydifferentfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh.答案A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段中的“Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.”可知，玩得越多的人笑得越多。A項正確。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Flexible.C.Addictive. D.Reliable.答案A解析詞義揣測題。聯(lián)系上下文可知susceptible(易受影響的，敏感的)與sensitive的意思最為接近。故選A。4.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactofLaughterB.TheMeaningofLaughterC.ABigMystery：WhyDoWeLaugh?D.Laughter：TheMostBeautifulWord答案C解析標題歸納題。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最暖和的語言，本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。故C項為最佳標題。BMostpeoplewhoownmobilephonesusethemastheiralarmclocks—makingitveryeasytocheckemailsonelasttimebeforefallingasleepandhardtoeverfeelawayfromworkandsocialnetworks.Severalyearsago，mybossfainteddueto7exhaustionafterstayinguplatetocatchuponwork.Shebangedherheadandendedupwithfivestitches(縫針)—andbecamewhatshecallsa“sleepevangelist(傳教士)”.Nowsheleaveshermobilephone11charginginanotherroomwhenshegoestobedandencouragesherfriendstodothesame.“IsentallmyfriendsthesameChristmasgift—alovelyalarmclock—sotheycouldstopusingtheexcusethattheyneededtheirveryattractivemobilephonesbytheirbedstowakethemupinthemorning，”shesaid.Ifyourmobilephonewakesyouupinthemorning，itmayalsobekeepingyouupatnight.A2008studyshowedthatpeopleexposedtomobileradiationtooklongertofallasleepandspentlesstimeindeepsleep.“13Thestudy8indicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdaily3wearandtearare9severelyaffected，”thestudyconcluded.Aquarterofyoungpeoplefeelliketheymustbeavailablebymobilephone4aroundtheclock，accordingtoaSwedishstudythatlinkedheavycellphoneusetosleepingproblems，stressanddepression.Unreturnedmessagescarrymoreguiltwhenthetechnologytodealwiththemliesatourfingertips.Someteensevenreturntextmessagesatmidnight.Mostofuschoosenottosetlimitsonournighttimeavailability.Nearlythreequartersofpeoplefromtheageof18to44sleepwiththeirmobilephoneswithinreach，accordingtoa2012Timepoll.Thatnumberfallsoffslightlyinmiddleage，butonlypeopleaged65andolderareleavingtheirmobilephonesinanotherroomascommonassleepingrightnexttoit.語篇解讀本文屬于科普類說明文，講解并描述現(xiàn)在越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴峻影響人們的睡眠質(zhì)量，有些人已經(jīng)選擇把手機放在其他地方來保證自己的睡眠質(zhì)量。5.Whydidtheauthor’sbossstarttoenjoysleeping?A.Herfriendsencouragedhertosleepontime.B.Mobilephonescouldn’twakeherupontime.C.Herfriendssentheralovelyclocktowakeherup.D.Shegothurtduetoworkingtoolate.答案D解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段前兩句可知，作者的老板由于熬夜趕工而力倦神疲暈倒在地，并且頭部縫了五針，最終她成為“睡眠傳教士”，激勵大家多睡覺。因此作者的老板起先享受睡眠是因為受到了損害，故選D。6.Whydidtheauthor’sbossgiveherfriendsalarmclocksasChristmasgifts?A.Alarmclocksdon’tgiveoffanyradiation.B.Alarmclocksarebetteratwakingherfriendsup.C.Sheadvisedthemtoreplacemobilephoneswithalarmclocks.D.Sheusedalarmclockstoremindthemnottoworktoolate.答案C解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段可知，作者的老板送給摯友鬧鐘是為了不再讓他們用把手機當鬧鐘的借口而影響睡眠，讓他們用鬧鐘來替代手機，故選C。7.Whatcanwelearnfromthe2008study?A.Mobileradiationmakespeopleunabletofallasleep.B.Mobilephonescanrelease884MHzwiredsignals.C.Sleepcanhelppeoplefightagainstradiation.Dponentsofsleepcanbeseriouslyaffectedbywirelesssignals.答案D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句“Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected...”可知，2008年的一份探討表明，在試驗中暴露于884兆赫的無線信號中，修復(fù)白天身體損耗很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴峻影響。由此可知，無線電信號會嚴峻影響睡眠質(zhì)量，故選D。8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowMobilePhonesAffectSleepB.WhyAlarmClocksAreBetterthanPhonesC.HowWeCanSleepBetteratNightD.HowMobilePhonesAffectHealth答案A解析標題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文闡述越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴峻影響其睡眠質(zhì)量，闡述了手機與睡眠的關(guān)系，故選A。Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破(一)閱讀下列句子，并依據(jù)句意揣測畫線部分的意思1.Thereisauniversalloveforbasketballinthecountryamongallwalksoflife.普遍的，全體的2.PreparationsforthearrivaloftheseniorrepresentativefromtheUNarealreadyunderway.在進行中的3.Theseproductscanstandwearandtear，whichwilldefinitelybeattractiveinthemarket.磨損4.Somestoresstayopenaroundtheclock，whileothersdobusinessforonlyafewhoursaday.夜以繼日地，晝夜不停地(二)同義詞語替換5.Contrarytothebeliefthatrockmusicisalwaysangryandnoisy，histrademark(標記性的)styleisquietbutpowerful.opposedto6.Thecompanyhasevolvedovertheyearsintoamulti-milliondollarorganization.developed7.Therearemanysymptomsofdepression.Theyincludelackofsleep，strongfeelingofexhaustion，anddifficultyconcentratingthroughouttheday.tiredness8.Researchindicatesthatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalaries.shows9.Theschoolbuildingswereseverelydamagedintheearthquakeandstudentshadtostudyatalocalcompany，whichchangeditsworkshopintoatemporaryclassroom.seriously(三)一詞多義10.occurv.發(fā)生；被想起(1)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.發(fā)生(2)Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.被想起11.chargev.&n.主管，負責n.費用v.收費；控告；充電；進攻(1)Whenlionsarehidingforanattackbyawaterhole，theywaitpatientlyandcanchargeatanysecond.v.進攻(2)CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease？n.主管，負責(3)Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission？v.收費(4)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband.v.控告(5)Themonthlychargeforthisserviceisonly$29，whichisquitereasonable.n.費用(6)Itbecamearoutineforustochargeourphonefrequentlyeveninaday.v.充電Ⅱ.長難句理解12.Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.[句式分析]本句為主從復(fù)合句。句首的Tofindout是目的狀語，句子的主語是I，謂語動詞went和recorded由and連接。what引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。[精致譯文]為了弄清晰人們發(fā)笑的時間和緣由，我和幾個助手去了當?shù)氐馁徫镏行模涗浟巳藗儼l(fā)笑之前的事情。13.Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected.[句式分析]本句為復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，主語是componentsofsleep，areseverelyaffected是被動結(jié)構(gòu)；believedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtear是過去分詞作定語，這本身是一個句型：sb./sth.besaid/believed/reportedtodo，表示“據(jù)說/據(jù)認為/據(jù)報道”。[精致譯文]該探討表明，在試驗室里暴露于884兆赫無線信號時，被認為對日常(身體)損耗的復(fù)原很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴峻影響。強化練(二十四)Ⅰ.單項填空1.—Iinthesamepositiontoolong.Mylegshavefallenasleep.—Shakeitalittlebeforeyougetup.(2024·泰州四模)A.willsit B.havesatC.amsitting D.havebeensitting答案D解析句意為：——我在相同的位置坐得太久了，腿麻了?！酒饋碇皠右粍?。分析句意可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示從過去某一時間起先始終在進行的動作，并有可能持續(xù)下去，其形式為：have/hasbeendoingsth.。故D選項正確。2.Thehealthofgardenplantsdependsonthesoil—theproperbalanceofmineralpieces，organicmatter，airandwater.(2024·南京市鹽城市高三一模)A.construction B.conservationC.corporation Dposition答案D解析句意為：園林植物的健康取決于土壤的組成——礦物質(zhì)、有機物質(zhì)、空氣和水的適當平衡。construction建設(shè)，建筑；conservation保存，愛護；corporation法人，公司；composition組成，成分。依據(jù)句意可知選D。3.Thatwomanwasalittlevagueatthetimebutsaidsomethingtotheeffectthatshetheprojectwithinthreedays.A.finished B.willfinishC.wouldfinish D.willhavefinished答案C解析句意為：那位女士當時有點模糊其詞，不過大意是說她會在三天之內(nèi)完成這個項目。依據(jù)句中的“was”“said”以及“withinthreedays”可知，此處表示從過去某一時間來看將要發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去將來時。故選C。4.Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga(n)amountofdailyexercisewoulddramaticallyimproveherhealth.(2024·南京市鹽城市高三一模)A.modest B.equalC.considerable D.exact答案A解析句意為：她的醫(yī)生表示，即使每天增加適度的熬煉，也會極大地改善她的健康狀況。modest謙遜的，不大的，適度的；equal相等的，同等的；considerable相當多的，相當大的；exact精確的，精確的。依據(jù)句意可知選A。5.Fathers’lovefortheirkidsseemstobeabitstrictandtough；，mothers’loveseemstobelovingandcaring.A.anyway B.meanwhileC.moreover D.otherwise答案B解析句意為：父親對孩子的愛好像有點嚴厲和強硬；相比之下，母親的愛好像充溢了愛和關(guān)懷。meanwhile與此同時，對比之下，符合語境。anyway盡管，無論如何；moreover此外，而且；otherwise除此之外，否則。6.Mostsuccessfulpeoplethinkaboutthingsinnewanddifferentways：theyseeanopenwindow________othersseeacloseddoor.A.where B.ifC.once D.unless答案A解析句意為：大多數(shù)勝利人士以新的和不同的方式思索事物：他們在別人看到一扇關(guān)閉的門的地方看到的是一扇放開的窗戶。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)狀語從句，且在從句中作地點狀語，應(yīng)用where。故選A。7.Describedasa“l(fā)andmarkpartnership”，thedealbetweenSTATSportsandtheChineseFootballAssociationaspartofChina’spushforhostingandwinningaWorldCupby2050.A.sees B.wasseenC.isseen D.istosee答案C解析句意為：STATSports與中國足球協(xié)會之間的協(xié)議被稱為“具有里程碑意義的合作伙伴關(guān)系”，它被視為中國努力在2050年之前主辦和贏得一次世界杯的一部分。依據(jù)句意可知，此處陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；又see與thedeal之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選C。8.—，Bob？You’vebeensoupsetallmorning.—Icrashedmyfather’scar.A.What’seatingyou B.WhataboutyouC.Howareyou D.Howdoyoudo答案A解析句意為：——你怎么啦，鮑勃？你一早上都很懊喪。——我撞壞了我爸爸的車。what’seatingyou你怎么了，是什么讓你心煩，符合語境。whataboutyou你呢；howareyou你好嗎；howdoyoudo你好。9.Somepeopleinvestigatedsaytheyprefertheoldergreentrainsmovingataslowerpace，whichallowpassengerstothebeautifulsceneryoutside.A.describe B.imagineC.appreciate D.recall答案C解析句意為：接受調(diào)查的一些人稱，他們更喜愛那些行進速度稍慢的、古老一些的綠皮火車，那些火車使得乘客能夠觀賞外面的美景。appreciate觀賞，符合語境。describe描述；imagine想象；recall回想起。10.WorldFoodDayiscelebratedeveryyeararoundtheworldonOct.16，thedateofthefoundingoftheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNationsin1945.A.indefenseof B.insearchofC.infavorof D.inhonorof答案D解析句意為：聯(lián)合國糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織于1945年10月16日成立，為紀念這一天，世界各地的人們把每年的這一天作為“世界糧食日”來慶祝。inhonorof為了紀念，符合語境。indefenseof為保衛(wèi)，愛護；insearchof搜尋，找尋；infavorof支持。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2024·宿遷市高三期末)Itisapsychologicalstrategythatallparentswillbefamiliarwith：insteadofscoldingamisbehavingchild，focusinsteadinrewardingthemforgoodbehaviour.Nowtheideaiswellreceivedoutsidethenursery，withimplicationsforeverythingfromrecyclingclothestopolicing.Consumersendupwithpilesofunwantedclothes.EveryyearintheUK，300,000tonnesendsupinlandfill—235millionindividualitems.Nowhowever，appssuchasReGain，RegiveandStuffstraremakingitsimpler—andmoreworthwhile—forpeopletoreturntheirunwantedclobber.TheReGainappcanbeusedtofindoneof20,000drop-offpoints.Inreturn，thediligentconsumerearnsrewardssuchasdiscountcouponsforhighstreetretailers.StuffstrworksinpartnershipwithJohnLewistohelppeoplegetcashinreturnforunwanteditemsfromthechain.“Possiblytheonepredictionthatweeconomistsgetrightisthatifyouincentivise(激勵)abehaviour，youwillgetmoreofit，”saysDrMatthewLevy，alecturerineconomicsattheLondonSchoolofEconomics.Hecitesresearch，includinghisown，showingthatfinancialincentivesencouragingregularexercise，stoppingsmokingandlosingweighteffectivelypromotehealthybehavioursandthatthereisnobacklashwhentheincentivesareremoved.“Ifanything，theincentivescanbeusedtojump-startahealthyhabitthatkeepsgoing，”hesays.Inthefourmonthsafteritslaunch，theReGainschemereceivedalmost17,000parcelscontaining47tonnesofusedclothesandshoes，ofwhich95%couldpotentiallybereused，accordingtoitsfounderJackOstrowski.“Weneedtofindawaytoinfluencebehaviour，anddiscountcouponshelp，”hesays.Theplatformisalsoworkingwithbrandsandretailerstofindwaystodivertusedclothesfromlandfillsandintotheproductionofnewclothes，headds.Otherrewardschemeshavehadsuccessinencouragingbehaviouralchange.WhenpoliceinCanadaissued“positivetickets”—couponsforfreefoodormovietickets—torewardgoodbehaviouramongyoungpeople，theyreportedanalmost50%dropinyouth-relatedservicecalls.“Myofficerswouldsay‘Intheolddayswe’ddriveupinthepolicecarandthekidswouldrunawayfromus，nowtheyruntous’.”Inasimilarventure，Hullcitycouncilhaveannouncedplanstolaunchadigitalrewardtoken—theHullCoin—thatcanbeearnedbyvolunteeringandspentatlocalretailers.Elsewhere，astudyontherecruitmentofhealthworkersinZambiafoundthathighlightingeconomicincentivesduringtherecruitmentprocesscausedfutureemployeestobemoremotivatedandtask-focused.“Obviouslydifferentgroupsaremotivatedbydifferentfactors，”saysOstrowski.“Forsome，the‘feelgood’factorisenough，andforothers，thatrewardstimulusisrequired.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述的是全部父母都熟識的一種心理策略：與其責罵行為不端的孩子，不如專注于嘉獎他們的良好行為。11.DrMatthewLevymightagreethat.A.thereisanundesiredeffectwhentheincentivesareremovedB.economistsalwaysmakesomepredictionstoconvincepeopleC.usedclotheswouldberecycledviaincentives，otherwiseinlandfillD.financialincentivesarethekeytopeople’sgettingridofbadhabits答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第七段最終一句“‘Ifanything，theincentivescanbeusedtojump-startahealthyhabitthatkeepsgoing，’hesays.”可知，DrMatthewLevy可能同意舊衣服可以通過激勵措施回收，否則就會被扔進垃圾填埋場。故選C。12.ThebenefitsoffinancialstimulusarementionedEXCEPT.A.increasingthesalesofclothingandfoodB.youngpeople’sbehavingwellinpublicC.leadingtopeople’sdisgustatsmokingD.futureemployees’concentratingontasks答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第八段可知A項提到了；依據(jù)倒數(shù)第五、六、七三段可知B項提到了；依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段可知D項提到了；C項在文中未提及，故選C項。13.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.ReGainhelpsconsumersgetrewardsfromJohnLewisB.ReGainhasthebiggestshareinthe20,000drop-offpointsC.ReGainhastheabsoluteadvantageoverRegiveandStuffstrD.ReGainplaysapositiveroleinmakingforrecyclingclothes答案D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第八段中的“Inthefourmonthsafteritslaunch，theReGainschemereceivedalmost17,000parcelscontaining47tonnesofusedclothesandshoes，ofwhich95%couldpotentiallybereused”可知，ReGain對衣服的回收有著主動的作用。故選D。14.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.UseCarrots，NotSticksB.TheMagicofRewardCouponC.TheBetterYouAre，theMoreYou’llGetD.PositiveorNegative答案A解析標題歸納題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，文章講解并描述的是全部父母都熟識的一種心理策略：與其責罵行為不端的孩子，不如專注于嘉獎他們的良好行為。故本文最佳選項是A。BTheDetroitSymphonyOrchestrawillbeperformingworksbyGeorgesBizetonFridaymorning.Youmightenjoyclassicalmusicandliketoattendtheperformance，butlivefarawayfromAmerica’sMotorCity.OnSaturday，theGoGogroupCurtisJohnsonisperformingattheKennedyCenterinWashingtonD.C.Ifyouliveoverseas，goingtothatshowisprobablyoutofthequestion.Butthereisasolution!Theseandotherconcertsareavailable“l(fā)ive”ontheInternet.Youcanheartheminrealtimewithanelectronicdevice.BothperformanceswillbeavailableontheWorldWideWeb.Theyarepartofagrowingnumberofconcertsbroadcastoncomputers，tabletsandsmartphones.Thesedigitalconcertsareknownaslive-streaming.TechnologyexpertMichaelAntonoffsaysbetterandlesscostlyequipmentismakingiteasierforperformersandtheaterstooffermusic“l(fā)ive”online.“Thequalityofthesoundandvideopicturesareimprovingallthetime，”hesays.“Thoseonlineconcertsnowhaveasmanyas40,000viewerspershow.Peoplein100nationsarewatching.Itisahugepartofourincreasingglobalreach.”“Forinternationalperformers，KennedyCenterofficialsseeajumpinonlineviewershipfromthehomecountriesoftheperformer.ThereishometownpridewhenanartistisperformingatoneofAmerica’sbest-knownconcerts，”saystheKennedyCenter’sGarthRoss.AtarecentKennedyCenterconcert，aperformersaidhewassohappythathisdisabledmotherbackinCaliforniacouldwatchhisperformance.“Itisnotjustmusicbeingstreamedontheweb.OnDecember10，theproducerofmusical‘DaddyLongLegs’puttheshowonthewebfreeofcharge.ItwasthefirstlivewebcastofaNewYorkmusical.Over150,000peoplefrom135nationswatched，”producerKenDavenportsaid.Inotherwords，itwouldtakehismusical2.7yearsofsold-outperformancestodrawthatmanypeople.eq\x(語篇解讀文章主要講解并描述了美國音樂會接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)全球直播，讓更多的觀眾觀賞到了表演。)15.A.Impossible. B.Easy.C.Exciting. D.Concerning.答案A解析詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Ifyouliveoverseas，goingtothatshowisprobablyoutofthequestion.”和第三段“Butthereisasolution!Theseandotherconcertsareavailable‘live’ontheInternet.Youcanheartheminrealtimewithanelectronicdevice.”可知，goingtothatshowisprobablyoutofthequestion的意思是：去看現(xiàn)場表演是不行能的。故選A。16.Whatresultsfromtheimprovementofequipment?A.Theequipmentisbecomingmoreexpensive.B.Fewpeoplelikewatchingperformancesatspot.C.Peoplecanwatchdigitalconcertsfreeofcharge.D.Moreandmorepeopleenjoytheperformancesonline.答案D解析細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“betterandlesscostlyequipmentismakingiteasierforperformersandtheaterstooffermusic‘live’online.‘Thequalityofthesoundandvideopicturesareimprovingallthetime，’hesays.Thoseonlineconcertsnowhaveasmanyas40,000viewerspershow”可知，設(shè)備的改進使越來越多的人喜愛看網(wǎng)上的表演。故選D。17.Howdotheinternationalartistsfeelabouttheirperformances?A.Proud.B.Anxious.C.Relaxed.D.Stressed.答案A18.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ASolutiontoLiveConcertProblemsB.DetroitSymphonyOrchestra’sPerformanceC.AmericanConcertsAvailableWorldwideD.DevelopmentofMusicElectronicDevice答案C解析標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講解并描述了美國音樂會接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)全球直播，讓更多的觀眾觀賞到表演。故C為最佳標題。Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀Technologiesareoftenviewedastransformative.ForWilliamKochevar，thetermisjustified.MrKochevarisparalysed(使癱瘓)belowtheshouldersafteracyclingaccident，yethasmanagedtofeedhimselfbyhisownhand.Thisremarkableactionispartlythankstopolesimplantedinhisrightarm.Buttherealmagiclieshigherup.MrKochevarcancontrolhisarmusingthepowerofthought.Hisintentiontomoveisreflectedinneuralactivityinhismotorcortex(皮層)；thesesignalsaredetectedbyimplantsinhisbrainandprocessedintocommandstoactivatetheelectrodesinhisarm.Anabilitytodecodethoughtinthiswaymaysoundlikesciencefiction.Butbrain-computerinterfaces(接口)，BCIs，liketheBrainGatesystemusedbyMrKochevarprovideevidencethatmindcontrolcanwork.Researchersareabletotellwhatwordsandimagespeoplehaveheardandseenfromneuralactivityalone.Informationcanalsobeencodedandusedtoactivatethebrain.ThepaceofresearchintotheBCIandthescaleofitsambitionareincreasing，butskepticsdismissit.TakingmedicalBCIsoutofthelabintoclinicalpracticehasprovedverydifficult.TheBrainGatesystemusedbyMrKochevarwasdevelopedmorethantenyearsago，butonlyahandfulofpeoplehavetrieditout.Turningimplantsintoconsumerproductsisevenhardertoimagine.Thepathtothemainstreamisblockedbythreemajorbarriers—technological，scientificandcommercial.Startwithtechnology.Non-invasive(無創(chuàng)的)techniquesstruggletopickuphigh-resolutionbrainsignalsthroughinterveninglayersofskin，boneandmembrane.Forthetimebeingatleast，themostambitiousapplicationsrequireimplantsthatcaninteractdirectlywithnervecells.Andexistingdeviceshavelotsofdrawbacks.Theyinvolvewiresthatpassthroughtheskull;theycauseimmuneresponses;theycommunicatewithonlyafewhundredofthe85bnnervecellsinthehumanbrain.Clearthetechnologicalbarrier，andanotheroneappears.Thebrainisstillaforeigncountry.Scientistsknowlittleabouthowexactlyitworks，especiallywhenitcomestocomplexfunctionslikememoryformation.Researchismoreadvancedinanimals，butexperimentsonhumansarehard.Thethirdobstacleisthepracticalbarrierstocommercialization.Ittakestime，moneyandexpertknowledgeorskilltogetmedicaldevicesapprovedofficially.Andconsumerapplicationswilltakeoffonlyiftheyperformafunctionpeoplefinduseful.Someoftheapplicationsofbrain-computerinterfacesareunnecessary—agoodvoice-assistantisasimplerwaytotypewithoutfingersthanabrainimplant，forexample.Allofthesesuggestthataroutetothefutureimaginedbytheneurotechnologypioneersistough，butwithinafewyears，improv