細(xì)節(jié)理解題公開課課件-高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)

閱讀微課堂——掌握閱讀理解四大題型解題技巧第一講題干定位巧比對——全取細(xì)節(jié)理解題班級學(xué)情:1.從頭讀到尾，占用時間長2.題干關(guān)鍵詞確定不準(zhǔn)確3.文章關(guān)鍵句定位不準(zhǔn)確4.易受干擾項迷惑，誤選錯誤答案

Teachinggoals:Afterthisclass,you’reableto:1.haveagoodcommandofscanning掃讀andskimming略讀;locatethekeywordsinthequestionsandpassagesquicklyandaccurately2.masterthecharacteristicsofthecorrectchioceanddistinguishthewrongchoicecorrectly一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題的分類、設(shè)問方式與選項特征細(xì)節(jié)理解題直接信息題:正確選項不僅在原文中可直接找到，而且措辭也與原文一模一樣（原詞替換）.間接信息題:正確選項不能在文中直接找到，而是對原文的同義/近義/反義/派生的轉(zhuǎn)述數(shù)字計算題:涉及年齡、價格、時間、數(shù)量等具體數(shù)字，要求考生在文中找到數(shù)據(jù)并進(jìn)行對比、簡單計算或推斷的題細(xì)節(jié)排序題:對文中所列舉的事實、事項、事件等按照時間、空間或邏輯順序進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)?shù)呐判?。綜合信息題:正確選項是對原文兩個或多個信息點的高度概括1．常見設(shè)問方式(1)特殊疑問句形式。以when，where，what，which，who，howmuch/many等疑問詞引出問題。這是最常見的設(shè)問形式。(2)以“Accordingto...”開頭的提問形式。(3)就文中數(shù)字、時間、年齡和排序等提問。(4)填空形式。如Thebiggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom________.2．正確選項特征原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)選項中的某個單詞或短語與原文完全一致同義替換對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換語言簡化把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡化正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)3．干擾選項特征細(xì)節(jié)理解題的干擾選項特征擴(kuò)縮范圍與文章細(xì)節(jié)范圍不一致，題干范圍要么過大要么過小無中生有明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符或沒有提及偷梁換柱符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容張冠李戴/答非所問是文章細(xì)節(jié)，但不符合題干要求或不是要點正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤返回解題步驟先題后文題干有明確關(guān)鍵詞題干范圍大如：Whatcanwelearnabout...fromthe...paragraph(s)？Whatdo...and...haveincommon？Whatsimilar...do...and...have？/whatisspecialabout...?等題干關(guān)鍵詞法選項關(guān)鍵詞反定位法“帶著問題找答案”先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語(題眼)，然后以此為線索，運用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句，快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細(xì)推敲，仔細(xì)比較所給選項與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。簡言之，可采用“一找二定三比對”的方法。2024全國1卷A：21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam?22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?2024全國2卷A：21.

Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?22.

WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?23.

Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?請根據(jù)題干判斷解題方法：題干關(guān)鍵詞：專有名詞----題干關(guān)鍵詞法題干關(guān)鍵詞：年齡--數(shù)字----題干關(guān)鍵詞法題干關(guān)鍵詞：句子主干----題干關(guān)鍵詞法題干關(guān)鍵詞：時間--數(shù)字----題干關(guān)鍵詞法題干關(guān)鍵詞：專有名詞----題干關(guān)鍵詞法題干關(guān)鍵詞范圍大：選項反定位法（2024·新高考卷I閱讀理解A篇）HABITATRESTORATIONTEAMHelprestoreandprotectMarin'snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We'llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval,winterplanting,andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.GROUPSGroupsoffiveormorerequirespecialarrangementsandmustbeconfirmedinadvance.PleasereviewtheListofAvailableProjectsandfillouttheGroupProjectRequestForm.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，A片段)HelprestoreandprotectMarin’snaturalareasfromtheMarinHeadlandstoBolinasRidge.We’llexplorebeautifulparksiteswhileconductinginvasive(侵入的)plantremoval，winterplanting，andseedcollection.HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalroleinrestoringsensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys.21.WhatistheaimoftheHabitatRestorationTeam

？A.Todiscovermineralresources.

B.Todevelopnewwildlifeparks.C.Toprotectthelocalecosystem. D.Toconductbiologicalresearch.[3]對比選項和關(guān)鍵句，看是否有換詞，添詞，漏詞并對語意造成影響典例剖析[2]原文關(guān)鍵詞＝題干關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵句[1]題干關(guān)鍵詞：專有名詞[3]對比選項和關(guān)鍵句，得出答案：,由關(guān)鍵句可知，HabitatRestorationTeam的目的是恢復(fù)生態(tài)資源、保護(hù)瀕危物種。對比選項可知C項正確。C語言簡化/概述22.WhatistheloweragelimitforjoiningtheHabitatRestorationTeam?A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.B同義轉(zhuǎn)換23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.題干關(guān)鍵詞范圍大：選項反定位法B語言簡化/同義轉(zhuǎn)換題文同序原則（2024·新高考卷II閱讀理解A篇）

ChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow'smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1-TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistéannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2-IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3-MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手電筒)

alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4-PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours

21.

Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A.

TheNaturalWorld.

B.IntroductiontoHillwalking.C.MoonlightUndertheStars.

D.PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.Walk1-TheNaturalWorld.......WalkDuration:6hoursWalk2-IntroductiontoHillwalking.......WalkDuration:5hoursWalk3-MoonlightUndertheStars.......WalkDuration:3hoursWalk4-PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.......WalkDuration:1.5hoursD整合推算21.

WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A.

Wearproperclothes.

B.Joinawalkingclub.C.Getspecialpermits.

D.Bringasurvivalguide.Walk3-MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手電筒)

alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hours題干關(guān)鍵詞范圍大：選項反定位法A同義替換/正話反說21.

Whatdothefourwalkshave

incommon?A.

Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing.

B.Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.C.Theysharethesamestartpoint.

D.Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.題干關(guān)鍵詞范圍大：選項反定位法Walk1-TheNaturalWorld......DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2-IntroductiontoHillwalking......DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hourshoursWalk3-MoonlightUndertheStars......DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4-PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest......DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5D綜合概括二、拔高練習(xí)----歸納解題技巧

3．干擾選項特征細(xì)節(jié)理解題的干擾選項特征擴(kuò)縮范圍與文章細(xì)節(jié)范圍不一致，題干范圍要么過大要么過小無中生有明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符或沒有提及偷梁換柱符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容張冠李戴/答非所問是文章細(xì)節(jié)，但不符合題干要求或不是要點正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤返回練習(xí)一：(2018·全國Ⅲ，A)WelcometoHolkerHall&GardensVisitorInformationHow

to

Get

to

HolkerByCar：FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36，M6.Approximatetraveltimes：Windermere—20minutes，Kendal—25minutes，Lancaster—45minutes，Manchester—1hour30minutes.21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minutes. B.25minutes.C.45minutes. D.90minutes.綜合計算D拓展練習(xí)：Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumberofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6000peopleatpresent?A.about6800B.about3400C.about2400D.about1200Bquartern.四分之一；季度；一刻鐘；兩角五分overnight一夜freeofcharge；forfree免費

練習(xí)二：(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷閱讀C節(jié)選)

Specifically，it'safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud，BMFisremotelymonitored.Also，thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime．Becausethesystemisautomated，itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil，thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest，userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.29．Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A．Real-timeweatherchanges. B．Currentconditionoftheplants.C．Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D．Availabilityofpre-seededpods.

A:正誤參半C:無中生有D:張冠李戴B解題技法一：仔細(xì)審題，明確設(shè)問范圍錯題回顧：Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學(xué)),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.C解題技法一：仔細(xì)審題，明確設(shè)問范圍練習(xí)三：(2024·浙江1月卷閱讀D節(jié)選)Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld，andourbrainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus，dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories，westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago，andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn'teat.(Para.3)33．Accordingtoparagraph3，thereisamismatchbetween________．A．thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetitesB．theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneedsC．therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrainsD．thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfitthis出現(xiàn)代詞看上句CA:無中生有B:無中生有D:張冠李戴解題技法二：特別關(guān)注邏輯詞（轉(zhuǎn)折或因果），精讀簡化長難句轉(zhuǎn)折：but;however;nevertheless;whereas;yet;whileonthecontrary;ontheotherhand因果：“因為/由于”--because(of);since;as;dueto;owingto;onaccountof“因此/結(jié)果”--therefore;thus;hence;

consequently;asaresult;so;

forthisreason;

accordingly

Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus，dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories，westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago，andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn'teat.譯文：但是，當(dāng)我們重塑了我們周圍的世界，大大減少了獲取卡路里的成本和努力時，我們的大腦仍然和幾千年前一樣。之所以我們這么多人難以抵抗明知不該吃的誘人食物，這種錯配是核心原因。Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld，andourbrainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.譯文：我們之所以會受到甜食的誘惑，是因為我們的祖先生活在一個卡路里匱乏的世界里，我們的大腦對這些甜食形成了一種反應(yīng)機(jī)制，反映了它們的價值

——

一種獎勵和滿足感。錯題回顧：ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto

–regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.前因后果C解題技法二：特別關(guān)注邏輯詞（轉(zhuǎn)折或因果），精讀簡化長難句

練習(xí)四：(2024·浙江1月卷·C篇節(jié)選)

OnSeptember7，1991，thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary'ssouthernsuburbs.Asaresult，since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystals晶體fallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.28．Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?A．Conservemoistureinthesoil. B．Preventtheformationofhailstones.C．Forecastdisastroushailstorms. D．Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.解題技法三：打開思路巧解題，增加詞匯來助力A:無中生有BC:正誤參半D:無中生有Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystals晶體fallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.seedv.在（地里）播種；（喻）使萌芽，使發(fā)展；用晶粒物質(zhì)使冷凝（結(jié)晶）（尤指促云化雨）譯文：飛機(jī)在有威脅的風(fēng)暴細(xì)胞中播撒一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，使小冰晶在變成危險的冰雹之前像雨一樣落下。本課總結(jié)解先題題步后驟文題干有明確關(guān)鍵詞題干范圍大題干關(guān)鍵詞法選項關(guān)鍵詞反定位法帶著問題找答案；一找二定三比對三大技巧題文同序原則解題技法一：仔細(xì)審題，明確設(shè)問范圍解題技法二：特別關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折詞，精讀簡化長難句解題技法三：打開思路巧解題，增加詞匯來助力正確選項特征原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義替換語言簡化正話反說干擾選項特征擴(kuò)縮范圍無中生有偷梁換柱張冠李戴/答非所問正誤參半三、鞏固練習(xí)----學(xué)以致用完成學(xué)案

細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題【2025八省聯(lián)考A】EastYorkshireAttractionsBurnbyHallGardens&MuseumTheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QFTel:01759307125Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.WealsohaveStewartMuseum,achildren'splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsareavailablethroughouttheyear.Open:10:00amto5:30pmPrices:Adults￡4.65,Seniors￡3.95,Children￡2.50GooleMuseumCarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DSTel:01405768963ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibitsforyoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofart.craft（工藝）andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.Open:10:00amto5:00pmAdmissionFreeSledmereHouseSledmere.DriffieldYO253XGTel:01377236637SledmereHouseisoneofYorkshire'smostattractivehouses.Wehaveanaward-winninggarden,amilitarymuseum,achildren'splayarea,andacafé&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.Open:11:30amto3:30pmPrices:Adults￡8.00,Seniors￡6.00,Children￡3.00BridlingtonBird&AnimalParkBridlington,EastYorkshireYO153QFTel:01262673653Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itoffersdailyshowsofpigracing.Wealsohavearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoofferafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.Open:10:00amto5:00pmPrices:Adults￡4.50,Seniors￡4.00,Children￡3.5021.Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?A.GooleMuseum.

B.BurnbyHallGardens&Museum.C.SledmereHouse.

D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.22.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?A.Feedawiderangeofanimals.

B.WatchabandconcertonSunday.C.Explorethehistoryofthetown.

D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.23.WhatistheticketpriceforchildrenatBridlingtonBird&AnimalPark?A.￡2.50.

B.￡3.00.

C.￡3.50.

D.￡4.00.ADC本課結(jié)束！【2025八省聯(lián)考C】JaneJacobsspentherworkinglifeadvancingadistinctvisionofthecity–inparticularfocusingonwhatmakesasuccessfulurbancommunity.Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense（稠密）andexcitingurbanenvironments.Sheprefersdisordertoorder,walkingtodriving,anddiversitytouniformity.ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesandnotbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe-andhowitshoulddevelop-arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplacedtounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.Jacobsnotesthatthebuiltformofacityiscrucialtothelifeofanurbancommunity,especiallythesidewalks.Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.Diversityandmixed-useofspacearealso,forJacobs,keyelementsofthisurbanform.Thecommercial,business,andresidentialelementsofacityshouldnotbeseparatedoutbutinsteadbesidebyside,toallowforgreaterintegrationofpeople.Thereshouldalsobeadiversityofoldandnewbuildings,andpeople'sinteractionsshoulddeterminehowbuildingsgetusedandreused.Finally,urbancommunitiesgrowbetterinplaceswhereacriticalmassofpeoplelive,work,andinteract.Suchhigh-densityspacesare,shefeels,enginesofcreativityandvitality.Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.28.

WhatdoesJacobsfindmostimportantforasuccessfulurbancommunity?A.

Efficientpublictransport.

B.Stronginteractionbetweenpeople.C.Uniformstyleofbuildings.

D.Acomparativelylargepopulation.29.WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?A.Localresidents.

B.Governmentofficials.

C.Cityplanners.

D.Constructionworkers.30.HowdoesJacobssuggestsidewalksbebuilt?A.Linedwithplants.

B.Paintedwithclearsigns.

C.Tightlyconnected.

D.Convenientfortheold.31.AccordingtoJacobs,the“eyesonthestreet”bringasenseof_______.A.pride

B.comfort

C.security

D.urgencyBACC【2025八省聯(lián)考D】

WanttolearnanewlanguageorgetA'sincollegeexams?Previousstudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpstimulatetheareasofthebrainthatconvert（轉(zhuǎn)換）newinformationintolong-termmemory.Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.

Buildinguponpastresearchthatfoundexercisereleasesbiochemicalsthatimprovementalfunction,scientistsatRadboudUniversityandtheUniversityofEdinburghconductedastudytodeterminewhenexercisewasmostbeneficialtolearning.

Participants–72healthymaleandfemaleadults–werefirstaskedtoperformacomputertestthatchallengedtheirvisualandspatiallearning.Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries,buttwo-thirdsofthemalsoexercised.Halfoftheexercisersdidcircuittrainingonanexercisebikefor35minutesimmediatelyafterthetest.Theotherhalfdidthesameexercisebutnotuntilfourhoursaftertheyhadbeentested.

Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest,andtheywereconnectedtoMRI（磁共振成像）machinestoassesstheirbrainactivity.Theparticipantswhoexercisedfourhoursaftertakingthecomputertestwereabletorecallwhattheyhadlearnedmostaccurately.Theirbrainwavesalsoshowedmoreconsistentlevelsofactivity,indicatingthattheirbrainswerelesstaxedtorememberwhattheyhadlearned.

Accordingtothisresearch,thebesttimetoexercisetoimprovelearningisfourhoursafterstudying.Butwhy?That'sonequestiontheresearchershaveyettoanswer.Anotherquestionleftunansweredisthelevelofexercisethatmightbestimprovelearning.I'verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.Buttheresearchersnotedthatlightworkoutsmightnotgivethebrainenoughofabiochemicalboosttoimprovelearning.32.

Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A.

Whenexerciseisbestforlearning.

B.Whatbiochemicalsaregoodforhealth.C.Howbrainwavesshouldbemeasured.

D.Whichareaofthebrainisthemostactive.

33.Whatwerealltheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheexperiment?A.Trainonbicycles.

B.Domathematicsexercises.C.Playcomputergames.

D.Watchfilmsaboutnature.34.Whydidtheparticipantsreturntothelabtwodayslater?A.Todoamedicalexamination.

B.Tohavetheirmemorytested.C.Togettheirworkoutsrecorded.

D.Tofinishtheirprevioustasks.

35.Whatmighttheauthor'smarathonrunningprove?A.Thefindingsofthestudyarereliable.

B.Long-distancerunnersareoftensmart.C.Studiesonthemarathonarenotenough.

D.Hardexercisemaynotsharpenthebrain.ADBD【2024·江西南昌高三三?！?/p>

Inthefieldofmarine(海洋的)conservation,thereexistsatrueherooftheseaswhosestoryofpreservingouroceansisnothingshortofinspiration.DrLisaAnderson,amarinebiologist,hasdevotedherlifetoprotectingourunderwaterecosystemsandthecountlessspeciesthatcallthemhome.

Growingupnearthecoast,DrAnderson'schildhoodwasfilledwithvisitstothebeachandsheestablishedaprofoundconnectiontothesea.Shealwayshadapassionformarinelifeandadeepcuriosity

aboutthecreaturesbeneaththewaves.Shesaid,“Asakid,Iusedtodreamabouttheocean.Itwasthiswildplacefullofcolourandlifeandhometothese

fantasticcreatures.Ipicturedbigsharksrulingthefoodchainandsawgracefulseaturtlesdancingacrosscoralreefs.ButthefirsttimeItrulywentunderwater,Iwasabout10yearsold.AndIcanstillvividlyrememberIwasinstantlysurroundedbyfishinallcoloursoftherainbow.ThatwasthedayIfellinlovewiththeocean.”It'snosurprisethatshepursuedacareerinmarinebiology.

DrAnderson'sextraordinaryworkhasspanneddecades,fromconductingvitalresearchonendangeredcoralreefstoleadingeducationalinitiativesaboutmarineconservation.Hertirelesseffortshaveledtothecreationofmarineprotectedareasthatensurethesafetyofcriticalhabitatsforcountlessspecies.“Inmy40yearsonthisplanet,I'vehadthegreathonourtoexploresomeofitsmostincredibleseascapesfortheSaveOurSeasFoundation,”shesaid.OneofDrAnderson'smostnotableaccomplishmentsisherworkinraisingawarenessofthedestructiveeffectsofplasticpollutioninouroceans.Herresearchonplasticwasteanditsimpactonmarinelifehasstimulatedglobalinitiativestoreduceplasticconsumptionandincreaserecycling.

DrAnderson'sdedicationtomarineconservationservesasalightforouroceansandtheirfuture.Herworkremindsusthatbyprotectingourseas,wenotonlypreserveincrediblebiodiversitybutalsosecureahealthierplanetforgenerationstocome.1.WhatsparkedDrAnderson'sinterestinmarinebiology?A.Hercuriosityaboutmarinelife.

B.Herpassionforglobalecosystems.C.Hervisitstothebeachasascientist.

D.Herprofoundconnectiontochildhood.2.WhatsignificantissuehasDrAndersondevotedherlifeto?A.Plasticpollution. B.Biologyspecies.

C.Oceanwaste.

D.Marineprotection.3.HowhasDrAndersoncontributedtothefightagainstplasticpollution?A.Shepromotedthespeedofmakingplasticrecycled.

B.Sheensuredthesafetyoftheuseofplasticproducts.C.Sheinventedanewkindofrecycledplasticmaterial.D.Sheraisedglobalawarenessandconductedresearch.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Reducingplasticconsumptionisalightforouroceans.B.DrAnderson'sdedicationinspirespeopletobecomescientists.C.Protectingourseasensuresahealthierplanetforthefuture.D.Preservingbiodiversityisamustfornewgenerations.ADDC【2025廣東省莞佛聯(lián)考高三大聯(lián)考

D】DNilecrocodilesareuniquelysensitivetothecriesofpainfulprimate(靈長類)babies,accordingtoanewstudy—andthemoreanxiousthecry,themoreinterestedtheybe