考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷277

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷277

一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。）

Inthefirstyearsofthe21stcentury,noareaoftheAmericaneconomyhasexcitedmore

emotionthanthepropertymarket.Firstcametheexcitementofsoaringprices.Then

spiritscamecrashingdownwiththesubprimecrisis,andnowhomeownersareagonizing

overhowfarvaluescouldfall.Anevenbiggerstory,however,maybeyettocome.

Americashouldbebracingitselffortheendofthe"generationalhousingbubble'1,

accordingtoanewstudybyDowellMyersandSungHoRyuoftheUniversityof

SouthernCalifornia.Asthecountry's78millionbaby-boomersretire,thereportargues,

thehousingmarketwillchangedramatically.Forthreedecadesbaby-boomershave

helpedpushpricesup:theysettleddown,andthenboughtbiggerhousesandsecond

homes.Butasthefirstofthemcelebratetheir65thbirthdaysin2011,thismaychange.

Theoldsellmorehomesthantheybuy.Theratioofoldtoworking-agepeopleis

expectedtogrowby67%overthenexttwodecades.Willtheyoungergenerationbeable

tobuyallthehomesonthemarket?Youngadultsmakeupthebulkofnewdemand,with

mostpurchasinghomeswhentheyreachtheirearly30s.Thefloodofelderlypeople

sellingtheirhomes,Mr.Myerssuggests,mayleadtoadrawn-outbuyers'market.Prices

mayfallfurtherasyoungerpeople,perceivingadownturn,delaypurchasing.This

phenomenonwillunfolddifferentlyacrossthecountry.Somestateswillbeginthesell-off

laterthanothers.In15southernandwesternstates—includingtheretirementmagnetsof

FloridaandArizon-a—theelderlydonotbecomenetsellersuntiltheir70s.Expensive

statessuchasCaliforniaandthecoldstatesofthemid-westandnortheastarelikelyto

losethemmorequickly.Themismatchbetweenbuyersandsellersmaybemostacutein

therustbelt,wherenumbersofyoungpeopleandimmigrantsarerisingslowly,ifatall,

saysWilliamFreyoftheBrookingsInstitution,athink-tank.Ofcourse,theremaybe

otheroutcomes.Suburbs,whichswelledwiththebaby-boomers,maybegintodecline.If

thebuildingindustrycontracts,homepricesmayremainmorestable.Ordevelopersmay

switchtoservingtheold,buildingmorecompacthousingnearamenities.Townsmay

makeneweffortstoattractimmigrants,whoalreadyaccountedfor40%ofthegrowthin

homeownershipbetween2000and2006.Amongtheseunknowns,onethingismore

certain:thehousingmarketisabouttoenteralongperiodoftransition.Theyoungest

baby-boomerswillnotturn65until2029.

1、"Anevenbiggerstory"inParagraph1impliesthatAmericanpropertymarketwill

A^continuetobethemostexcitingfieldintheAmericaneconomy.

B、experiencemoredramaticchangesinthefollowingyears.

C、makespiritsgoupwiththedecreasedhousingprices.

D^havegreaterimpactonthefeelingsofhomeowners.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。定位到開頭兩段。此題可聯(lián)系上下文分析。首段末提出

更大的問題將隨之而來，聯(lián)系第二段首句提到的“時刻準備應對持續(xù)一代之久的房

地產(chǎn)泡沫的破滅''及第二句的“房地產(chǎn)市場將急劇變化”。B項與之相符。

2、AccordingtoDowell,thebaby-boomers

A、havebeenmorelikelytobuybiggerandmorehomes.

B、maycelebratetheirbirthdaysaltheageof65.

C、shouldwelcomethefuturechangebysellingmorehouses.

D、havemadehousingbubblesinthepastthreedecades.

標準答案：D、

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。定位到第二段，該段講到近三十年來，嬰兒潮一代人推

動了房價的攀升，積聚了房地產(chǎn)市場的泡沫。故D項正確。

3、Theword"drawn-oul'(Line2,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans

A、prolonged.

B、declined.

C、delayed.

D、enlarged.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：語義理解題。定位到第三段。此題可以根據(jù)其字面意思“拉長的”，以

及上下文進行推斷。本段提出老齡人口賣房高潮的到來可能導致買方市場的長期存

在，段落末提出年輕一弋可能延遲購置行為，故推斷此形容詞與時間有關，A項最

貼切，表示長時間的。

4、WilliamFreybelievesthat

A^peopleinsouthernstateswouldnotlosetheirhomesuntil70s.

B、peopleinexpensivestateswouldlosetheirmoneymorequickly.

C、youngpeopleandimmigrantshardlyincreaseintherustbcltareas.

D、elderlypeoplewouldnotliketoretireinFloridaandArizonauntil70s.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)WilliamFrey定位到第四段段末。此處講述美國鐵

銹地帶的買者和賣者之間的失衡現(xiàn)象最為嚴重，此地區(qū)青年和移民人數(shù)幾乎沒有增

長，故C項與之相符。

5、Itcouldbeconcludedfromthepassagethat

A、suburbswoulddeclinewithincreasedbaby-boomers.

housingpriceswouldkeepsteadyinthecrisis.

C>thehousingmarketwillexperienceaperiodoftransformation.

D、immigrantswillbethemajorityofhomeownershipintowns.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：主旨大意題。從最后一段倒數(shù)第二句可知C項“美國房地產(chǎn)市場將進

入漫長的轉型時期“正確。

Theyare"financialweaponsofmassdestruction,"toquotethefamousinvestorWanen

Buffettashesurveyedthemorning-afterdestructionofthesub-primemortgagelending

crisis.Thecontinuingdestructioncannowbecalledacreditcrisis—asignificant

escalationbecausecredithasbeenthefuelpoweringtheAmericaneconomyforthepast

halfdozenyears.Awholegalaxyofcreditinstrumentshasnowbeendowngradedtothe

tuneofhundredsofbillionsofdollarsofpaperlosses.Anotherimmediateeffecthasbeen

acollapseincash-outborrowingfromhomeequityfromabout$700billionin2005io

$100billiontodate.Atthesametime,tighterlendingandmortgagestandardshave

contributedtoadramaticdeclineinresidentialconstructionfromahighofover2million

unitstoabout800,000predictedfornextyear,witharelateddeclineinemployment.A

slowdowninconsumerspendingseemsinescapable.Whatisnowseriouslyinquestionis

thecapacityofourfinancialsystemtoprovideenoughcredittosupportthescaleof

investmentthathasmaintainedourlongeconomicexpansion.Comingatatimeof

soaringoilprices,wemayhaveasimultaneousdeclineinconsumerspending,residential

investment,andbusinessinvestment.Theeconomywasstronginthethirdquarterbut

clearlydroppingoffbytheend.Wemaybeatthefinishofnotjustthelong-term

borrowingbubblebutthelong-termspendingbubble.TheFederalReservemustget

aheadof(hecurve.I(sprioritymustbetomaintaintheviabilityofihccreditsystemand

theflowofcredit;ourpostmoderneconomyisdependentonanongoingflowofcredit.

TheproblemfortheFedisthatmonetarypolicymaybenomatchforthedeepstructural

contradictionsthatplaguethefinancialsystem.Wearedealingherewithawholenewset

ofcreditinstrumentsthatarelittleunderstoodandthereforeextremelydifficulttoprice.

Theeconomyisclearlytransitioningtomuchslowergrowth,sharplytighterlending

standards,adeclininghousingmarket,andpressureonconsumerspending.Peopleand

companiesaretryingtocopewiththedebtaccumulatedduringseveralyearsofwasteful

lendingandspending.Therealdangerfromacreditcrisisisthateveryone,frombanksto

corporationstohouseholds,mayeconomizesimultaneously.Thecollapseofvaluesand

therisksofthecreditsqueezearetheworstsincetheGreatDepression.Wearegoingto

pultheeconomy'sresiliencetoaseveretest.

6^Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingseemstobethemostserious

economicproblemnow?

A、Theoveralleconomicdepression.

B、Theon-goingcreditcrisis.

C、Theweaponsofmassdestruction.

D、Theinvestmentinhousing.

標準答案：B

知識之解析：推理判斷題。答案在首段。題干問的是當前最嚴重的經(jīng)濟問題是什

么。該段主要就是通過沃倫?巴菲特的一句點評引出次貸危機問題，兩由此帶來的

持續(xù)性破壞現(xiàn)在被稱為信用危機。故選B項。

7、Thetighterlendingandmortgagestandardswillprobablyresultin

A、jumpofemploymentrate.

B>morespendingonnecessities.

C>flexiblecash-outbonowing.

D^adecreaseofunitstobebuilt.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題?？疾橐蚬毠?jié)。根據(jù)tighterlendingandmortgage

standards定位到第二段。題干中resultin這一詞組是表因果關系的信號詞，該段中

coniribulel。正好與之呼應，指出嚴格的標準導致居民住房建設量下降.故選D

項。

X、ItissuggestedinParagraph3that

A、thefinancialsystemisabletoprovideenoughcredittosupporttheinvestment,

thecreditissuecanbetracedbacktotheeconomicexpansionlongago.

C、thegrowingoilpriceshaveinfluencedthebusinessworld.

D、theborrowingbubbleandthespendingonewillbalancetheeconomy.

標準答案：c-

知識點解析：推理判斷題。答案在第三段。文中提到石油價格上漲的同時，消費者

支出、居民住房投資和商業(yè)投資均會下降，由此推得石油價格上漲對經(jīng)濟生活產(chǎn)生

了影響。故選C項。

9、Wecouldlearnfrom(helastparagraphthattherealdangerfromacreditcrisisis

A、thelossofhousesbuiltonmortgagetending.

B、thepossibilityofeconomyresilience.

C>thebankruptcyoflargecorporations.

D、thepressureonconsumerexpenditure.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。答案在末段。題干問的是信貸危機帶來的真正危險是什

么。該段中提到造成的危險是每個人都可能同時緊縮開支。故選D項。

10>Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A、TheCreditCrisisGrows

B、TheEconomyTransitions

C^TheUSADeclines

D、TheDebtSoars

標準答案：A

知識點解析：主旨大意題。一般文章的主旨出現(xiàn)在文章開頭或者結尾的地方。這篇

文章開篇就點題信用危機，隨后整篇都圍繞此主題展開，故選A項。

Icametofeminismthewaysomepeoplecometosocialmovementsintheirearlyyears:

outofself-interest.IgotontheequalitybandwagonbecauseIwasayoungwomanwitha

streakofambitionamilewide,andwithoutachangeintheatmosphereIthoughtIwas

goingtowinduplivingalifethatwouldmakemecrazy.Asmyfathersaidnotlongago,

"Canyouimaginewhatitwouldhavebeenlikeifyouhadbeenborn50yearsearlier?

Yourlifewouldhavebeenmiserable."Thegreatthingwasthatitwaspossibletodo

goodforallwhileyouweredoingwellforyourself.Eachofusroseontheshouldersof

womenwhohadcomebeforeus.Moveup,reachdown:thatwasthemottoofthosewho

wereworthknowing.Butitwasnotjustotherwomenweelevated,butentireenterprises.

Morewomenonthestaffsandthemastheadsofthecountry^largestpublications

changedthem.Itresultedinnewspapersandmagazinesthatcoveredwomenasmorethan

amixtureofrecipesandfashioncollections.Butthere'sonequestionthatalwayslurks

aroundthemarginsofthebattleforequalrights:howwillweknowwhenwe'vewon?

Sometimesitseemslikeaclassicdanceoftwostepsforward,oneback.IndraNooyi,an

Indian-bornnumbercruncher,wasrecentlynamedCEOofPepsi.Butthatmakesherone

ofonly11womennowrunningaFortune500company,whichworksouttoslightly

morethan2percent.AndForbesmagazinejustpublishedanessaytitled"Don'tMarry

CareerWomen"byamalewriterwhocouldn'tseetheadvantagesofawifewhocould

paythemortgageandsupportthechildrenevenifherhusbandlosthisjoborsuffereda

massivecoronary.Thatkindofnonsensetakesyoubackintime,totheearlydayswhen

womendumpedbabiesonthedeskofthemayorofSyracusetoprotestthelackofchild

care.Maybeitwastheclassicprotestslogan"Don'tcookdinner—starvearattoday,"but

theperceptionwasthatthefightforequalitywasawaragainstmen.Butthebattlewas

reallyagainstthewasteoftalent,thewastetosociety,thewasteofwomenwhohad

certaingiftsandgoalsandhadtosuppressboth.Thepointwasnottotakeovermale

terrainbuttochangeitbecauseitbadlyneededchanging.Thedepthandbreadthofthat

transformationiswhatreflectsthesuccessofthemovement,andbythatmeasure,women

aredoingwell.Andsoiseveryoneelse.

11、Theauthorcametowomenmovementowingto

herinterestinit.

B、herfather.

C>herambitions.

D^hermiserablelife.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題，考查因果細節(jié)。定位在第一段。其中講到“我加入追求

男女平等的活動浪潮是因為當時的我還是一個心懷壯志的年輕人?！盋項為正確答

案。

12、Thebestreasonfbrwomen'sriseisthat

A^womenhelpedeachotherinsociallife.

B、morewomenwereemployedandachievedsuccess.

C、morewomensucceededinfoodandfashionindustries.

D^avaluablemottoencouragedwomentostrive.

標準答案：B、

知識點解析：推理判斷題，考查因果推理。根據(jù)women'srise定位到第二段。文中

提到更多的女性進入職場、更多的女性為國內最大的刊物頭條所報道，這些都改變

了她們的地位，故B項正確。

13、AccordingtoParagraph3,women'sfightfbrequalityistroubledbytheproblem

that

A、therearefewerwomenexecutivesinbusinessworld.

B、itisdifficulttodefinethesuccessoffeministmovement

C^womencannotprovethemselvesonjob.

D、mendonotwanttomarrycareerwomen.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。直接定位到第三段。首句提到男女平等權利的斗爭存在

一個問題：何以知道勝利?言外之意是很難定義女權運動的成功，因此B項為正確

答案。

14、1'hcexampleotIndraNooyiiscitedtoshowthat

A、womenarestillthedisadvantagedgroupinthesociety.

B、likemen,womencanalsoachievedgreatsuccess.

C、menarestillunwillingtomanycareerwomen.

D、IndianAmericanscanmakegreatachievementsintoday'sUS.

標準答案：A」

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題，考查例證細節(jié)。根據(jù)題干中的專有名詞IndraNooyi定

位到第三段。文中講到“這種戰(zhàn)斗就像跳一曲進兩步、退一步的經(jīng)典舞蹈”，“《財

富》500強公司的CEO中女性只占2%多一點”，IndraNooyi的例子表明女性依然

處于弱勢，故A項為正確答案。

15、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A、Thefightforwomensequalityisawaragainstmenandgovernment.

BNThemainreasonfbrwomen'sprotestisthelackofchildcare.

C、Feministmovementsucceedsinchangingthemale-dominantsociety.

D、Womenhavetakenoverthetraditionalmaleterrainandgainedequality.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：主旨大意題。定位在最后一段。文中談到“女性追求平等權利的戰(zhàn)爭

的關鍵不是占領男性的天地.而是要改變男性的天地.改變的廣度和深度則反映了

女權運動的成功”，C項為正確答案。

Inthedaysbeforepreschoolacademieswereallbutmandatoryforkidsunder5,1stayed

homeandgotmyearlyeducationfromMikeDouglas.HisTVtalkshowwasoneofmy

mother'sfavoriteprograms,andbecauseIlookeduptomymother,itbecameoneofmy

favoritestoo.YetIquicklydevelopedmyownfascinationwithDouglas,whodiedlast

week.Maybeitwastheplainset—acoupleofchairsandlittleelse—ormaybeitwasthe

soundofpeopletalkingaboutideasandeventsratherthantellingstories.Whateverit

was,tomy4-year-oldminditwasallterriblyadult,likemymother'smorningcoffee.It

was—relatively.Thegrown-upworldIliveinnowisanothermatter.Thanksinpartto

theproliferationandpolarizationoftalkshowsinthelast20yearsorso-thegeneration

afterDouglasandhisbig-tentgentilitywentofftheair-publicconversationshave

becomescarymonstersindeed.Likeotherformsofentertainment,theprogrammingof

commercialtalkshowstodayhasmovedbeyondnichetohermetic.Theideaofahost

bookingguestsasvariedasJerryRubin,MalcolmXandRichardNixon-andtreating

themallwithacertaindeference,asDouglasdid—isunheardof.Equallya-mazingisto

considerthatDouglaswasamoderate;thoughhedidn'talwayssharehisguests'views,he

nonethelessinsistedoneverybodyhavinghisorhersay.Whathedid,inotherwords,was

moreimportantthanwhohewas.Thatwasprobablyaneasydictateforanold-school,

modestguysuchasDouglastofollow.Andnow?OprahWinfreyissinceree-nough,but

herviewershipisacultofpersonality,notofpeopleorissues.Likehercontemporaries,

O-prahchoosesherguestsandissuestosuithershow,ratherthanallowingguestsand

issuestobetheshow.Sheprefersupliftandempowerment,whichismorepalatablethan

name-calling,thehallmarkofBillO'ReillyorHowardStem.Butspinisspin,andinher

ownwayOprahgetsastiresomeasthoseguys.Ultimately,theseshowsfailtoconveythe

fullnessoftheconversation,thesensethatAmericaisoneplace-oronehost—with

manyvoicesatequalvolume.Thatdoesn'tmeaneverybody'sright.Buttohave

everybodyengagedandfeelingastakeintheoutcomeofthediscussionispriceless.

Engagementisnothinglessthannationalsecurity:Ifeltthatasapreschooler,watching

MikeDouglasonTV,andIfeelitnow.Theageofirony,theywouldsay,fueledby

informationthatmovesatthespeedoflight,demandsadifferentapproach.

16、Itcan