2012外研版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Module4 Unit

1、Module 4,Unit 3 Language in use,Make a dialog with your classmates like this: A: Hi, Whats wrong with you? B: I have a A: Im sorry to hear that. You should B: I think I will. A: I hope B: Thank you.,Work in pairs.,Sam got sick two days ago.,Sam has been sick for two days.,Sherry got her drivers lice

2、nse (執(zhí)照) in 1999.,Sherry has had her drivers license since 1999.,Arnold started to play tennis in January.,Arnold has played tennis since January.,Maggie moved to Hawaii in 1996.,Maggie has lived in Hawaii for about 18 years.,Read the following sentences.,I have lived here for more than twenty years

3、. I have lived here since I was born. My aunt has worked in a clinic since 2009. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. My brother has been in the Youth League for two years. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，多與“since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間”或“for +段時(shí)間”連用。for表示“經(jīng)過(guò)

4、(一段時(shí)間)”，而since表示“自從(以來(lái))”。 常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：,Summary,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)- since 和 for 的用法,He has lived here for 16 years. 他住在這里有十六年了。 He has lived here since 16 years ago. 他從十六年前起就住在這里了。,He has lived here since 1991. 他從1991年起就住在這里了。 He has lived here since he was born. 他從出生起就住在這里。,在對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí)，我們常用how long,How long hav

5、e you played basketball? - How long has Mary been a teacher? - Since two years ago.,介詞 for 短語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段，指某個(gè)動(dòng)作或情況到現(xiàn)在為止已持續(xù)了多久；since 作為介詞，接一個(gè)時(shí)間名詞，作為連詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(從句動(dòng)詞一般是短暫性動(dòng)詞)，since 表示“自以來(lái)”，指某個(gè)動(dòng)作或情況從過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，因此，與 for 或 since 引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的句子(或主語(yǔ))謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的。,英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞的意義不能持續(xù)，表示的是一瞬間就結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，這些動(dòng)詞被稱為非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或短暫

6、性動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的如 come, leave, go, lose, see, begin, start, arrive, become, die, buy, borrow, close, join, reach, fall, get up 等。這類動(dòng)詞可以用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，但在肯定句中不能與表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) for 或 since 短語(yǔ)連用。如： 正: He has come back. 他已回來(lái)。 誤: He has come back for three days.,若要表示“他回來(lái)已三天了”這樣的意思，可以將動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或改變時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，或改用別的句型等，如譯為： He has be

7、en back for three days. (改變謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) He has been back since three days ago. (改變謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) He came back three days ago. (改變時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)) Its three days since he came back. (改變句型),come, go, begin, start, become, join, end, die, buy, arrive, reach, borrow, lend, get to know等這些短暫性動(dòng)詞如果要談?wù)撘粋€(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，我們可以使用ago或一般過(guò)

8、去時(shí)。如：,Kitty has left Beijing for two days. Kitty left Beijing two days ago. Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days. Kitty has bought her purse since last year. Kitty bought her purse a year ago. Kitty has had her purse for a year.,在表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的句子中，應(yīng)將短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為相同意義的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 初中英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的有：,短暫性動(dòng)詞,延續(xù)性動(dòng)

9、詞,go, leave, move arrive, come, reach join, become, buy / get(得到),be away (off), be out of be here, be in +某地 be in, be a (an) + n. have,短暫性動(dòng)詞,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,fall ill (asleep) finish, end begin, start begin to learn (work, read, rain) go out get up borrow get to know die lose,be ill (asleep) be over be on le

10、arn, work, read, rain be out be up keep know be dead be lost,非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，在肯定句中不能與for 或 since引出的短語(yǔ)(或句子)連用，但在否定句中是可以的，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞一旦被否定即成為狀態(tài)，而狀態(tài)總是可以延續(xù)的。如： I havent seen him for a long time. 我很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他了。 He hasnt come here for some time. 他有段時(shí)間沒(méi)來(lái)了。 I havent heard from her since she left. 自她離開(kāi)以后，我一直沒(méi)收到她的來(lái)信。,

11、Practice,用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞的正確形式填空。,The old man _(live) here since 1992. _ you _(visit) our factory yet? I _ (not see) you for a long time. You _(change) a lot. Im afraid I _(keep) you waiting for a long time. He _(know) the city since he was very young.,has lived,Have,visited,havent seen,have changed,have kept,

12、has known,選用 for和 since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.,for,since,for,4. Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5. His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met l

13、ast time.,since,for,since,用for或since完成下列句子。 1. Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago. She has been there for three days. 2. Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday. He has _. 3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago. Ive _ _.,been here since Tuesday.,known Sue since two years

14、 ago./for two years.,真題鏈接,( ) 1. Excuse me, where is Mr. Browns office? Sorry, I dont know. I_ here for only a few days. (2011河南省) A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work,C,( ) 2. My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. (2011天津) Asees B. can see C. will see D. has see

15、n,D,( ) 3. I many new friends since I came here. ( 2011貴州畢節(jié)) A. make B. made C. will make D. have made,D,( ) 4. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. (2011北京) A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write,C,( ) 5. I _ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai. (2012北京) A. didnt hea

16、r from B. dont hear from C. wont hear from D. havent heard from,D,( ) 6. Not only Jam but also his parents _ a few interesting places since they came to China. (2012 湖北黃石) A. will visit B. has visited C. have visited D. visited,C,( ) 7. Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years. Wow, they are wo

17、nderful. (2013湖南衡陽(yáng)) A. kept B. have kept C. have bought,B,( ) 8. He _ for ten years. (2013四川雅安) A. has been married B. married C. got married D. has married,A,( ) 9. My sister has learnt English_. (2013四川雅安) A. for twelve years ago B. since she was four C. twelve years ago D. at the age of four,B,(

18、) 10. She _ the book _ two days ago. (2013黑龍江綏化) A. has borrowed; since B. has kept; since C. kept; for,B,( ) 11. I _ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it. (2014黔西南州) A. left B. went away from C. have left D. have been away from,D,( ) 12.He _ in this factory for 20 years already. (2014北京) A

19、. will work B. works C. has worked D. is working,C,( ) 13. A new shop _ for a week nearby. Lets have a look there. Good idea. But it doesnt _ on Mondays. (2014鄂州) A. opened; opened B. has been opened; open C. has opened; opened D. has been open; open,D,( ) 14.When will A Bite of China II begin tonig

20、ht? It _ for ten minutes.( 2014揚(yáng)州) A. will begin B. has begun C. will be on D. has been on ( ) 15. Do you know Diaoyu Island? Sure. It _ China since ancient times. (2014湖北咸寧) A. belongs to B. belonged to C. has belonged to D. is belonging to,D,C,B: I havent gotten enough sleep.,A: Whats your problem

21、?,Ask and answer,B: I dont have any close friends. Sometimes I feel lonely.,A: Whats your problem?,B: Getting too many tests and exams.,A: Whats your problem?,B: My parents work all day. They dont have time for me.,A: Whats your problem?,A: Whats your problem?,B: I dont have enough time to do my hom

22、ework.,dont get enough sleep dont have enough time to do homework have no close friends Its noisy at home Their parents work all day and dont have time for them have low marks in the exams not very tall / beautiful / clever / strong quarrel with others .,Teenage problems,How to deal with problems co

23、rrectly?,Read the passage and match the problems with the advice.,1.,b,2.,a,3.,c,Work in pairs. Do you have similar problems? Talk about your advice.,Listen and complete the passage.,The man feels _. He is hot and _. He has been like this for about _. He has got a temperature and a _ but has not got

24、 a _ or a cough. The doctor suggests he should _ and take the medicine _ a day. And he should _ until he feels better.,awful,very tired,three days,headache,stomach ache,drink more water,three times,stay in bed,Life is colorful. Whatever problems you meet, whenever you meet them, dont be afraid of th

25、em. Dont complain too much. Just try hard to solve them. Believe that you can do anything if you try your best.,My advice,How much do you know about WHO? Would you like to work for the WHO? Why?,Flag of the World Health Organization,WHO Headquarters in Geneva,The World Health Organization,Around the

26、 world,1. When was the World Health Organization set up?,It was set up in 1948.,2. What is the work of World Health Organization?,It helps ordinary people all over the world. It cures, prevents and controls serious diseases, and educates people about how to protect their health.,About WHO,WHO is the directing and coordinating(協(xié)調(diào)) authority for health wi