2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅣLesson2Lesson3LanguagePoints學(xué)案.docx

Section Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Language Points一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)寫得對(duì)記得快記得多.基礎(chǔ)詞匯 1.postpone vt.推遲，延期2.cater vi. 滿足；迎合3.symptom n. 癥狀4.routine n. 常規(guī)，慣例5.urban adj. 城市的.拓展詞匯1.privileged adj.榮幸的privilege n榮幸；特權(quán)2.entry n進(jìn)入；入學(xué)enter v進(jìn)入entrance n入口3.treat vt.款待treatment n款待；對(duì)待；處理4.storage n儲(chǔ)存store v儲(chǔ)存；儲(chǔ)藏5.rebuild vt.重建build v建設(shè)；建筑building n建筑物6.prohibit vt.禁止prohibition n禁止7.unite vt.聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)；統(tǒng)一unity n聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)；統(tǒng)一8.adaptation n變化；變種adapt v使適應(yīng)；改編，改寫9.foresee vt.預(yù)見foreseeable adj.可預(yù)知的，能預(yù)測的，能看透的10.mourn vi.& vt.感到悲痛；表示哀悼mournful adj.悲痛的；悲傷的；傷心的11.thorough adj.徹底的；細(xì)致的thoroughly adv.徹底地12.systematic adj.系統(tǒng)化的system n系統(tǒng)；體系13.faith n信心faithful adj.有信心的1.routine n常規(guī)，慣例詞塊break the routine打破常規(guī)build a routine建立常規(guī)follow the (old) routine墨守成規(guī)perform the routine履行常規(guī)daily/ordinary routine日常工作，每日的例行公事2.adaptation n變化；變種adapt v使適應(yīng)；改編，改寫比較adapt適應(yīng)adopt 收養(yǎng)3.prohibit vt.禁止“禁止與允許”家族同義ban, forbid, prohibit反義allow, permit4.foresee vt.預(yù)見聯(lián)想含fore前綴的單詞面面觀forehead n額頭forecast vt.預(yù)報(bào)foresee vt.預(yù)見 foreword n前言forearm n前臂5.rebuild vt.重建聯(lián)想re前綴高頻詞recover恢復(fù)健康，康復(fù) retell復(fù)述recall回憶起；叫回 refresh使恢復(fù)活力review回顧；復(fù)習(xí) recycle再利用，回收利用refill再注滿 reinvent改革；改良二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.make up構(gòu)成，組成2.consist of 由組成3.be related to . 與有關(guān)4.go through 經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查5.get down to 著手做6.after all 畢竟；終究7.get through 通過；撥通(電話)8.come up 出現(xiàn)；被提出；走近9.bring up 提出；撫養(yǎng)；嘔吐10.build up 加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)11.wipe out 徹底毀滅12.provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物13.in time 最終；終于14.leave out 漏掉；忘掉1.straight away立刻，馬上2.all the time 一直，始終3.look through 瀏覽，快速地看4.cause and effect 因果5.on record 記錄在案6.sweep through 席卷，橫掃7.in similar conditions 在類似的狀況下8.a tendency to do sth. 做某事的傾向9.without pause 不停地10.put behind 把某事拋諸腦后，忘掉11.stop sth.in its tracks 終止；消滅12.make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤13.living matter 生活物質(zhì)14.morning person 喜歡早起的人三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fit .在18個(gè)月的時(shí)間里奪去了多達(dá)5 000萬人的生命，該病似乎專門襲擊年輕力壯的人現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語。Having_been_asked_to_work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.那天晚上被要求加班，我錯(cuò)過了一場好電影。2.With recent press reports drawing parallels between Bird Flu and a killer epidemic in the past, Jim Smith looks through .隨著近期的媒體報(bào)道將禽流感與過去的致命傳染病相提并論，吉姆史密斯查閱with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_drawing_near/approaching,_the students feel great pressure.隨著高考臨近，學(xué)生們感受到巨大的壓力。3.It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.它爆發(fā)于一戰(zhàn)即將結(jié)束之時(shí)，使世界各地的許多家庭飽受喪親之痛?！發(fā)eave賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。Dont_leave_the_water_running if you dont use it. 如果不用水，別讓它流淌著。1(教材P36)cater (1)vi.滿足；迎合cater for滿足需要cater to 迎合Vegetarians are well catered for in this hotel.素食者的需要在這家飯店得到了很好的滿足。They only publish novels which cater_to the mass market.他們只出版迎合大眾市場的小說。(2)vi.& vt. (為社交活動(dòng))提供飲食，承辦酒席Most of our work now involves catering_(for) weddings.我們現(xiàn)在的工作多半是承辦婚宴。2(教材P36)treat (1)n.& vt.招待，款待，請(qǐng)客be ones treat由某人請(qǐng)客treat sb./oneself to sth. 用某物招待某人/自己Ill treat you to an icecream in return for your help.作為對(duì)你幫助的回報(bào)，我要請(qǐng)你吃冰淇淋。This is my_treat today, so Ill pay for everything.今天我請(qǐng)客，一切賬由我來付。(2)vt.對(duì)待；看待treat sb./sth. (with/as/like .)以的態(tài)度/方式對(duì)待treat sb. well/badly 待某人好/不好treat . as/like把當(dāng)作一樣對(duì)待They treated the orphan from Wenchuan as/like one of the family.他們把那個(gè)來自汶川的孤兒當(dāng)作家里的一員看待。(3)vt.治療，醫(yī)治be treated for .因而接受治療treat sb.(for sth.)(with sth.) (用)醫(yī)治某人(的病)I got the news that she was_treated_for sunstroke.我得知消息她因中暑而接受治療。The doctor treated Mike for his headache with a new drug but didnt cure him of it.醫(yī)生用一種新藥給邁克治療頭痛，但沒把他治好。3(教材P37)postpone vt.推遲；延期postpone . until/to .把推遲到時(shí)候postpone doing sth. 推遲做某事It has been decided the meeting should be postponed until/to next Saturday.已經(jīng)決定，會(huì)議延期到下星期六舉行。It was an unpopular decision to postpone building (build) the new hospital.延遲建新醫(yī)院的決定是不得人心的。巧學(xué)助記名師點(diǎn)津除了postpone以外，表示“推遲，延期”的單詞或短語還有：delay, put off；它們后接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)，要用動(dòng)名詞而不用不定式。4(教材P37)I decided not to put off studying (as I normally do！) and got up early every morning to get down to work straight away.我決定不推遲學(xué)習(xí)(就像我往常所做的！)，每天早上早起立即著手工作。straight away/off 立刻，馬上，毫不猶豫My teacher asked me to go to his office after class straight away/off.老師讓我下課后立刻去他辦公室。I wrote him an email and clicked to send it straight away_/off.我給他寫了封電子郵件，并馬上點(diǎn)擊發(fā)送了出去。名師點(diǎn)津表示“立刻，馬上”的詞語還有：at once, immediately, directly, right now, right away, in no time5(教材P37)If I didnt understand something, Id write it down and then bring it up in class with my teacher.如果有不明白的地方，我會(huì)記下來，然后在課上向我的老師提出來。bring up (1)提出He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, which brought down the cost of production.他在會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)切實(shí)可行的計(jì)劃，從而降低了生產(chǎn)成本。(2)養(yǎng)育；撫養(yǎng)His parents died when he was born and he was_brought_up by his uncle.他出生時(shí)父母便去世了，他是被他的叔叔撫養(yǎng)大的。(3)嘔吐He was drunk and_brought_up what he had eaten at midnight.他喝醉了，半夜里把吃的東西都吐了出來。巧學(xué)助記名師點(diǎn)津bring構(gòu)成的其他短語：bring in請(qǐng)做；讓參與；引入；提出(新法案)；賺得；掙bring down減少；打落；打垮；擊敗bring back把送回；恢復(fù)；使想起bring about引起；導(dǎo)致( lead to/result in)6(教材P37). she went through all of the things that would probably come up in the exam.她會(huì)詳細(xì)研究可能會(huì)在考試中出現(xiàn)的所有內(nèi)容。go through檢查；經(jīng)歷；通過；穿過；用完 寫出下列句中g(shù)o through的含義Our plan on how to spend our summer holidays didnt go through.通過Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.經(jīng)歷As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.完成The rope is too thick to go through the hole.穿過The police went through the three suitcases but didnt find anything valuable.檢查Have you gone through all your money？用完go against違背；違反go out 出去；熄滅go over 復(fù)習(xí)；仔細(xì)檢查go up 上漲；上升；攀登(2014四川高考書面表達(dá))Our teacher chose many important exercises for us, and I went_over the language points at the same time.我們的老師為我們選了很多重要的習(xí)題，同時(shí)我復(fù)習(xí)語言點(diǎn)。聯(lián)想發(fā)散through構(gòu)成的其他常見短語：break through沖破；突破get through接通電話；順利通過(考試等)；完成look through快速查看；瀏覽pull through幫康復(fù)；協(xié)助完成(十分困難的事)7(教材P38)Since the SARS epidemic ended, scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.從非典疫情結(jié)束后，科學(xué)家們一直在做治療實(shí)驗(yàn)以防止將來的再次爆發(fā)。prohibit vt.禁止；阻止prohibit (sb.s) doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止/阻止某人做某事It was the bad weather that prohibited their going to the science museum.是糟糕的天氣阻止了他們?nèi)⒂^科學(xué)博物館。Some people think that its necessary to prohibit peoples using mobile phones in some places.Some people think that its necessary to prohibit people from using mobile phones in some places.Some people think that its necessary to prevent/stop/keep people from using mobile phones in some places.一些人認(rèn)為有必要禁止人們?cè)谝恍﹫鏊褂檬謾C(jī)。聯(lián)想發(fā)散“禁止/阻止某人做某事”表達(dá)法薈萃：8(教材P39)With all the international effort being made, we have to have faith that there will be solutions in time to stop a Bird Flu epidemic in its tracks.隨著國際間的共同努力，我們應(yīng)該相信人們會(huì)及時(shí)找到解決方法來徹底消滅禽流感。faith n信心；信仰；信任；諾言(1)have faith in相信lose faith in 不再信任(2)faithful adj. 忠誠的；可信任的be faithful to 忠實(shí)于；忠誠于He is always telling lies, so nearly all the people lose faith in him.他總是撒謊，因此幾乎所有的人都不信任他了。There are a lot of difficulties in front of us, yet we still_have_faith_in victory.我們面前有很多困難，然而我們對(duì)勝利仍充滿信心。His translation manages to be faithful (faith) to the spirit of the original.他的譯文做到了忠于原文的精神。It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.它爆發(fā)于一戰(zhàn)即將結(jié)束之時(shí)，使世界各地的許多家庭飽受喪親之痛。本句中含有“l(fā)eave賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)由現(xiàn)在分詞充當(dāng)，leave意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。 “l(fā)eave賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的常見形式有：(1)“l(fā)eave賓語形容詞/名詞”，形容詞或名詞表示賓語所處的狀態(tài)。Her parting words left him empty and alone.她分手時(shí)說的話讓他感覺空虛孤獨(dú)。His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan.他的父母去年雙雙去世，使他成了孤兒。(2)“l(fā)eave賓語現(xiàn)在分詞”，現(xiàn)在分詞表示該動(dòng)作與賓語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，并有正在進(jìn)行的含義。It is wrong of you to leave the machine running (run)你使這臺(tái)機(jī)器一直在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是不對(duì)的。(3)“l(fā)eave賓語過去分詞”，過去分詞表示該動(dòng)作與賓語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。The guests left most of the dishes untouched (untouch), because they did not taste delicious. 客人沒有動(dòng)大部分菜，因?yàn)檫@些菜不可口。(4)“l(fā)eave賓語(帶to)不定式”，不定式表示該動(dòng)作與賓語之間是表示將來的主動(dòng)關(guān)系。We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to_be_settled (settle). 我們趕緊結(jié)束了我們的會(huì)議，留下許多問題有待解決。.單句語法填空1I shall postpone making (make) a decision till I learn full details.2Although the authorities prohibit people from climbing up that section of the Great Wall, some people still visit that area.3All courses in this college are designed to cater to the market needs.4Dont expect him to approve of your design straight away/off.5As a matter of fact, he objects to being treated like/as a child.6While I am away, Ill leave my neighbour to_look (look) after my cat.完成句子1I cleaned the flat, which_left_me_feeling_proud.我打掃了整個(gè)公寓，這讓我覺得自己很了不起。2I feel you should_never_lose_faith_in_yourself.我覺得你永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)對(duì)自己失去信心。3There is no point in bringing_up_his_past when we are considering him for employment.我們考慮雇用他時(shí)，沒必要提起他的過去。4We have_gone_through_all_these_envelopes I bought last week.我們已經(jīng)用完了我上周買的所有的信封。5Our school has decided to postpone_holding_the_sports_meeting because of the heavy rain.我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)決定推遲舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，因?yàn)橛晏?。一、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高.單詞拼寫1The young engineer feels very privileged (榮幸的) because he gets a month off work on full pay.2Its said that our exam has been postponed (延期) until next Monday.3Words and actions should help to unite (團(tuán)結(jié)) and not divide the people of our various nationalities.4The secretary felt she had been unfairly treated (對(duì)待，看待) and complained to her boss.5His small size prohibited (禁止) his becoming a policeman, which made him sad.6If the danger had been foreseen (預(yù)見), probably it could have been avoided.7At the news of his death, the whole nation mourned (哀悼) for him, who was a great national hero.8Varieties of programs in the TV station cater (迎合) to many different types of interests and tastes among the public.9The public never had faith (信心) in his ability to handle the job.10Simon has long been working in the field and is familiar with the details of office routine (常規(guī)).單句語法填空1Having_been_told_ (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.2When will you leave for London?We have decided to postpone starting (start) the voyage, owing to the change of the weather.3Food handlers are prohibited from smoking (smoke)in the workplace.4My roommates always leave the light burning (burn) all night long.5With a lot of things to_deal (deal) with, I cant go to the cinema tonight.6Severe facts have told us humans must stop the destruction of the environment in its tracks.7Only the privileged (privilege) few could afford to send their children to private schools.8She insisted that she had remained faithful_(faith) to her husband.9The doctor treated her headache with the best medicine, but did not cure her of the disease.10The book described the adaptation (adapt) of plants to different conditions.完成句子1I have_faith_in_you (對(duì)你有信心) I know youll do well.2He is always looking for excuses to postpone_doing_something (拖延做某事)3Having_discussed_the_plan_several_times (多次討論了這個(gè)計(jì)劃之后), we decided to carry it out.4She went on playing the computer game, leaving_the_water_running/with_the_water_running (讓水流著)5The high cost of equipment prohibits_many_people_from_taking_up (阻止許多人從事) this sport.課文語法填空Epidemics throughout historyWith recent press reports drawing parallels between Bird Flu and a killer epidemic in the past, Jim Smith looks 1.through the history of epidemics for clues about 2.what the future might hold.Since Bird Flu first appeared in 1997, it 3.has_taken (take) more than a hundred lives.Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic.One of the 4.earliest (early) epidemics on record happened about 500550 AD 5.when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire. In the 1330s, in urban areas all over Europe, Asia, Africa and the Middle East, up to one half of the population was lost to the Black Death.Another epidemic that spread in similar conditions was the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918, also called the Spanish Flu.It struck near the end of the First World War and left families 6.mourning (mourn) worldwide.The SARS epidemic began in 2002 with a lung disease in Guangdong Province and spread 7.quickly (quick) after Dr Liu Jianjun, the 8.carrier (carry), came to Hong Kong and passed the virus to people who carried it to Canada, Vietnam and Singapore.No one really knew much about SARS as it was completely new. With all the international effort 9.being_made (make), we have to have faith that there will be solutions in time to stop a Bird Flu epidemic in 10.its (it) tracks.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)李明不知道他是否應(yīng)該推遲(postpone)出發(fā)，因?yàn)樗昧藝?yán)重的感冒。因此，他立刻(straight away)去尋求(seek)醫(yī)生的建議。醫(yī)生告訴他要首先清除掉(wipe out)急性傳染病(the acute epidemic)。醫(yī)生認(rèn)真給他治療(treat)，最后他被治愈了。Li_Ming_didnt_know_whether_he_should_postpone_his_departure_on_account_of_his_bad_cold.Therefore,_he_went_to_seek_advice_from_a_doctor_straight_away.The_doctor_told_him_to_wipe_out_the_acute_epidemic_first.The_doctor_treated_him_carefully_and_finally_he_was_cured.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧.閱讀理解HANGZHOU A human blood protein has been found to be associated with the H7N9 death rate, according to a study by Chinese medical scientists.The study, published in Nature Communications on May 13, showed that blood plasma levels of angiotensin are higher in H7N9 patients and could be used to predict their physical worsening.Angiotensin is a human protein contained in plasma, the vascular (血管的) wall, heart and kidney to regulate blood pressure. It is closely linked to serious lung injury. H7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotensin carry more viral load (病毒載量), said Li Lanjuan, researcher at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a specialist in H7N9 prevention. “It is particularly obvious in the second week of human infection. The angiotensin level of patients in critical condition keeps going up, while that of mild cases tends to drop，” Li said.Li added the new finding could help in clinical practice. Medical personnel could adopt more effective and reliable treatment measures for patients suffering different conditions. “This study will provide a new perspective to H7N9 pathology (病理) and potential treatment for future cases，” said Ed Gerstner, executive editor of Nature Communications.The study was led by researchers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. They collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in cities of Hangzhou, Shanghai and Nanjing and analyzed the connection between angiotensin and viral load.H7N9 was first reported in China in March 2013. The virus causes severe disease in humans, including acute and often fatal breathing failure.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章講的是中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種人體血漿蛋白與H7N9病死率有關(guān)。1What does the passage mainly talk about?AChinese scientists found a human blood protein associated with the H7N9 death rate.BChinese scientists have made a new medical discovery.CA new perspective to H7N9 pathology provided by a medical study.DA report of H7N9 death rate.解析：選A主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知本文講的是中國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種人體血漿蛋白與H7N9病死率有關(guān)，故選A。2The underlined word “critical” in the third paragraph most likely means _.AunimportantBmistakenCurgent Dsuccessful解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的“in critical condition keeps going up, while that of mild cases tends to drop”可知critical condition與mild cases進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故critical與mild意思應(yīng)該相反，表示“危急的”，故選C。3According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?AH7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotensin carry more viral load.BAngiotensin is a human protein to regulate blood pressure.CH7N9 virus may cause human breathing failure.DThe researchers collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in the city of Hangzhou and made the discovery.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故選D。4You can probably find this article in _.Aa booklet Ba newspaperCa guide book Dan advertisement解析：選B文章出處題。a booklet“小冊(cè)子”； a newspaper“報(bào)紙”； a guide book“旅行指南”； an advertisement“廣告”。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知本文是一則關(guān)于醫(yī)學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的新聞報(bào)道，應(yīng)該在報(bào)紙上見到，故選B。.語法填空The “suspended