福州延安中學(xué)初二形容詞-副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí).ppt

形容詞副詞 比較級(jí)與最高級(jí),延安中學(xué)石小平,形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名 詞的性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類。 它在句中作定語、表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。,副詞：用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及其他副詞 的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語.,一、形容詞和副詞的概念,形容詞作定語一般放在被修飾 的名詞之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。,二、形容詞和副詞的用法,形容詞放在系動(dòng)詞be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.,如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing等時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后面。 如:something interesting nothing new,副詞放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后、形容詞和副 詞之前。如果前面是行為動(dòng)詞，則后面用副詞。 如: 1.She works hard .（修飾動(dòng)詞） 2.I am very busy.（修飾形容詞） 3.He runs too quickly .（修飾副詞） 4.We play happily. （修飾動(dòng)詞）,通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。,slow _ real _ usual _ careful_ easy _ happy _ heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,big,bigger,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,fast,faster,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,fast,faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and understand 看圖并理解,三、形容詞和副詞的級(jí),形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)： 原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí) 1.原級(jí)：即形容詞和副詞的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副詞very,too,so,quite等修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly, asas ,(與一樣） not as（so)as （與不一樣）中間用原級(jí)。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.,2.比較級(jí)：兩個(gè)人或物之間的比較。表示“較”或“更一些”。標(biāo)志詞：than (比） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly,3.最高級(jí)：三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物之間 的比較。 標(biāo)志詞：in+大范圍, of all, of +the+具體的數(shù)字 表示“最”的意思。（兩者以上用最高級(jí)） 單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加most. 在形容詞的最高級(jí)前必須加the;副詞之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best,most interesting, most difficultly,一、 單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的規(guī)則變化： 1、一般直接在詞尾加er; est talltaller-tallest lightlighter-lightest 2、以字母e結(jié)尾的直接加r; st nicenicernicest finefinerfinest 3、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，要變y為i再加er; est heavyheavierheaviest busybusier-busiest 4、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的形容詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加er; est thinthinner-thinnest hothotterhottest bigbiggerbiggest,形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成,二、多音節(jié)及部分雙音節(jié)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)規(guī)則變化： 1、多音節(jié)形容詞或部分雙音節(jié)形容詞變比較級(jí)在前面加more,最高級(jí)在前加most beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful importantmore importantmost beautiful 2、由形容詞加ly構(gòu)成的雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,都是在該詞前加-more/most. quicklymore quickly(the) most quickly difficultlymore difficultly(the) most difficultly,二、多音節(jié)及部分雙音節(jié)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)規(guī)則變化： 3、單音節(jié)形容詞，加more, most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often- most often 4、有些雙音節(jié)和單音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加er或est構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，也可以加more 和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 friendly huge calm free true clever,三、不規(guī)則形容詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí),注：older 一般指年齡大小； My father is older than my mother. elder指長幼關(guān)系(一般修飾名詞作定語); My elder brother is a driver. farther指距離更遠(yuǎn)； further指抽像的. I want to study English further. further reading,1兩者之間的比較，句中有明顯的標(biāo)志詞than。,如：This tree is taller than that one., 在含有than的比較級(jí)中，比較對(duì)象必須是同一范疇,在比較級(jí)前面使用much，a lot、even、still、a bit, 表示程度“強(qiáng)得多”。,如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple., very, quite, so, too一般只能修飾原級(jí)，不能修飾比較級(jí)。,注意：,形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的用法,2“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”或“more and more +原級(jí)”表示“越來越”,如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.,It is getting cooler and cooler.,The wind became more and more heavily.,Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.,3Which/Who is + 比較級(jí), A or B ?,如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom?,4. “the +比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí)”表示“越越”。,The more money you make, the more you spend.,The sooner，the better.,5. is the +比較級(jí) + of the two.,Tom is the taller of the two boys.,6. 表示數(shù)量倍數(shù)的比較級(jí)用法：,. 數(shù)量 + 比較級(jí) than ,. A + be + 序數(shù)詞 +比較級(jí)+ than + B.,如：Our school is twice bigger than yours.,如：My father is three years older than my mother.,形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的用法,Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China,1、the+最高級(jí)+ of/in (三者及以上范圍的),2、one of the + 最高級(jí) + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + in/of,My mother is the busiest in my family,形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的用法,4、Which/Who is the + 最高級(jí),A ,B or C ?,3、the + 序數(shù)詞 + 最高級(jí) + 名詞 + in/of,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China,Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?,原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的替換,比較級(jí)：Tom is taller than any other boy in his class. =Tom is taller than the other boys in his class.,最高級(jí)：Tom is the tallest boy in his class.,原級(jí)：No one is as tall as Tom in his class.,注意,1.The new building is higher than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主語是物主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用 名詞性物主代詞。,比較級(jí)必須在同類中進(jìn)行，即人與人比， 物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語要對(duì)稱， 特別注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn) 的替代詞 that ，those, one ,ones.,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am.,I drink more tea than he (does).,than前后句子的時(shí)態(tài)相同。通常用be動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must, could, should和助動(dòng) 詞do, does ,did, will，have等來簡答。,4.I have more pens than you (do).,many,much,little,few等詞必須帶名詞。,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+ the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,Which/Who+ 比較級(jí)，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高級(jí)，A ，B or C?,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult,C,注意,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .,在使用形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，一定要把自己包括 在比較的范圍內(nèi)。,8.This is the third largest city in China .,當(dāng)表示“第二，第三”等意思時(shí)，經(jīng)常在最高 級(jí)的前面加second, third,等詞。,9.Its our largest machine in our factory.,當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞修飾時(shí)，其前不加 定冠詞the.,Follow ups(隨堂練習(xí)),1、-Mr Zhou, all of the students in our group, who lives _? -I think Li Lei does. A. fat B. father C. farthest D. farest 2、The Changjiang River is _ than any other river in China. A. shorter B. longer C. shortest D. longest 3、Bob never dose his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 4、_ she is, _ she feels. A. The more busy, the more happy B. The busy, the happy C. Busier, happier D.The busier, the happier