初中被動語態(tài)講解.ppt.ppt

被動語態(tài),ThePassiveVoice,Cindy,英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)(theActiveVoice)被動語態(tài)(thePassiveVoice),A.主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。,B.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。,Weplantedthetree.,Thetreewasplantedbyus.,注：后面能接賓語的動詞才有被動語態(tài),WespeakEnglish.,主語,謂語,賓語,Englishisspokenbyus.,主語,謂語,賓語,主動語態(tài),被動語態(tài),Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天他們打掃了教室。Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.昨天教室被他們打掃了。,1.一般現(xiàn)在時：is/am/are+及物動詞的過去分詞2.一般過去時：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞3.現(xiàn)在/過去完成時：has/have/had+been+及物動詞的過去分詞4.一般將來時：will+be+及物動詞的過去分詞5.含有情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞6.現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+及物動詞的過去分詞,歌訣：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面,找一找規(guī)律,(一)被動語態(tài)基本用法:當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,be+過去分詞,(二)被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu):,有各種時態(tài)的變化,1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,am,is,arewaswere,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,動詞過去分詞的變化:,1.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken,一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：主語+am/is/are+PP,2.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor,一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：主語+was/were+PP,3.Moreman-madesatellites_inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup,一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：主語+will+be+PP主語+begoingto+be+PP,4.Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt,現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：主語+have/has+been+PP,5.Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater,含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+PP,(四)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài):(1)把原來的賓語提到前面作被動語態(tài)的主語;(2)把謂語動詞變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be過去分詞)(根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。(3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。如：Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikes,inthefactory.,aremade,them,by,主變被步驟:,1.找賓語:即動作的承受者(改為主語),Hewashedhiscaryesterday.,Hiscar,3.判斷新主語的單復(fù)數(shù):確定be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù).,be,4.判斷動詞的時態(tài):即be動詞的時態(tài).,2.修改謂語的語態(tài):即be+原V.過去分詞,washed,5.修改原句的主語:即by+主語(變賓格).,(byhim),yesterday.,iswas,was,1.Tombrokethewindow.Thewindow,2.Shebrokethewindows.Thewindows,3.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroom,wasbroken,byTom.,werebroken,byher.,iscleaned,byhim,be動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化:,everyday.,1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkintendays.,willbefinished,(bythem),2.Theyaregoingtohaveashowtomorrow.,Ashow,isgoingtobehad,(bythem),tomorrow.,1.Amycantakegoodcareofthecat,Thecat,canbetakengoodcareof,byAmy.,2.Theyshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongs,bythem.,shouldbesung,(四)被動語態(tài)的特殊情況:,1.在主動語態(tài)中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等詞,其后跟省略to的動詞不定式(動詞原形),在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,必須還原動詞不定式符號to.如:1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom.2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.3)Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseentowalktoschool.,Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.連系動詞（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.當(dāng)此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候:,Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,1.不及物動詞（vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：,(表示主語的自然屬性特征)+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),常見動詞：,read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,Thebooks_wellA.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth_easilyA.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashed,1.Manyaccidents_bycarelessdriverslastyear.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause2.Anofficial_bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.A.isinterviewingB.isinterviewedC.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed3.Todayalotofinformationcan_online.A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving4.Imgladtofindthatmanytrees_inourcitylastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted,5.DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina.A.allowsB.doesntallowC.isallowedD.isntallowed6.Dontworry.Yourpackagehereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept7.ItstruethatShakespearesplay_bysomanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen,Correctingmistake,Correctthemistake(s)ineachsentenceifany:1)Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball2)ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity3)Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted?,4)Classisbegunat7:30everyday5)Hisplanissoundedgood,1.樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深;3.把樹放進坑里,扶直;4.把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實;5.在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水.,根據(jù)提示寫一篇以HowtoPlantaTree?為題目的短文，要求內(nèi)容齊全，上下文連貫。盡量使用被動語態(tài)，80詞左右。,Writing,1.樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深;3.把樹放進坑里,扶直;4.把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實;5.在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水.,beplanted,bedug,bigenough,toodeep,putinto,bekeptstraight,pushbackto,pushhardwith,knockinto,bekeptstraight,betiedtowith,bewateredwell,TreesmustbeplantedinSpring.Theholemustbeduglargeenoughbutnottoodeep.Put