遼寧省法庫(kù)縣東湖第二初級(jí)中學(xué)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Chapter 4 Numbers Language教案2 牛津沈陽(yáng)版.doc

chapter 4 numbers language【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： chapter four: language and speaking二. 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1. 祈使句（imperative sentence）定義：祈使句是用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止的句子。祈使句最常用于表達(dá)請(qǐng)求、命令。（1）祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z(yǔ)）是第二人稱(chēng)，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為動(dòng)詞原形，句末則使用句號(hào)來(lái)表示結(jié)束。如：go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。（表命令）be quiet, please. (please be quiet.) 請(qǐng)安靜。（表請(qǐng)求）（2）肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：do型（即：動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)+其他成分）。如：please have a seat here. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動(dòng)詞可以省略。如：this way, please. = go this way, please. 請(qǐng)這邊走。be型 （即：be+表語(yǔ)+其他成分）。如：be a good boy! 要做一個(gè)好孩子!let型（即：let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分）。如：let me help you. 讓我來(lái)幫你。（3）否定結(jié)構(gòu)： do 型和be型的否定式都在句首加dont構(gòu)成。如： dont forget me! 不要忘記我！ dont be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到！ let型的否定式有兩種： “dontlet+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分”和“l(fā)et+賓語(yǔ)+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分”如： dont let him go. / let him not go.別讓他走。有些祈使句可用no開(kāi)頭，用來(lái)表示禁止。如：no smoking! 禁止吸煙！no fishing! 禁止釣魚(yú)?。?）“l(fā)et”開(kāi)頭的祈使句由“l(fā)et”開(kāi)頭的祈使句是個(gè)常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞句型，它的主要用法有下列三種：表示“建議”。在此句型里，let后面要跟第一人稱(chēng)的代詞賓格形式。如：let me try.該句型語(yǔ)氣委婉，比dont開(kāi)頭的祈使句客氣。試比較：dont disturb him. lets not disturb him.表示“間接命令”或“愿望”。在此句型中，let后面要跟第三人稱(chēng)代詞賓格形式或名詞。如：just let her try! 就讓她試試吧！let each man decide for himself. 讓每個(gè)人自己決定吧?。?）使用“l(fā)et”的祈使句時(shí)，必須注意以下幾點(diǎn)：“l(fā)et”的否定式有兩種形式：“dont let ”和 “l(fā)et not”。 如果賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)用“dont let ”；如果賓語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)，則用“l(fā)etnot”。 如： dont let this type of things happen again. its raining now. lets not go out until after the rain.“l(fā)et”適用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted. “l(fā)et”后面跟不帶“to”的不定式，還可以是某些副詞：out，in，down，alone等。 如： let the puppy out. open the windows and let the fresh air in. the room is too sunny. let the blinds down. let me alone, please.用“l(fā)ets”時(shí)把談話者的對(duì)象包括在內(nèi)；用“l(fā)et us”時(shí)，并不包括對(duì)方。如：lets try it, shall we?let us do it by ourselves, will you?2. david, pay attention. 大衛(wèi)，請(qǐng)注意。pay attention to 注意pay attention to your pronunciation. 請(qǐng)注意你的發(fā)音。數(shù)詞概述：數(shù)詞是表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞。數(shù)詞的種類(lèi)： 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。1. 基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1-12 單獨(dú)記： one, two, three , four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve13-19詞尾為-teen. e.g: thirteen, fourteen, fifteen20, 30, 40逢十詞尾為ty, twenty, thirty, forty21-99在十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間加連字符構(gòu)成。eg: 73 seventy-three , 88 eighty-eight101-999光說(shuō)幾百，再加and，再加末尾兩位數(shù)。eg: 178 one hundred and seventy-eight 238 two hundred and thirty-eight1000 以上的數(shù)詞，先從后向前數(shù)， 每三位用一逗號(hào)隔開(kāi) 第一個(gè)逗號(hào)表示thousand（千）， 第二逗號(hào)表示million(百萬(wàn))， 第三個(gè)逗號(hào)表示billion(十億)，然后一節(jié)一節(jié)用幾百幾十幾的方法。eg: 1004 one thousand and four 147258 one hundred and forty-seven thousand , two hundred and fifty-eight 18657421 eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand , four hundred and twenty-one 注意：在這類(lèi)數(shù)詞中hundred, thousand, million, billion等詞一般都用單數(shù)形式。序數(shù)詞的記憶口訣：一，二，三要單獨(dú)記，one-first, two-second, three-thirdth 要從四加起, fourth, sixth,eight , 少個(gè)t, eighthnine 去掉e, nine-ninthv 要用f來(lái)代替five-fifth, twelve-twelfthty就成tie, twenty-twentieth若問(wèn)“幾十幾”或“幾百幾”，只變個(gè)位記心里，twenty-onetwenty-first重點(diǎn)句子：1. please have a seat.請(qǐng)坐。sit (v.) 動(dòng)詞， 意思是坐，seat（n.）意思是座位。2. pay attention 注意3. add 3 and 9 ( 3 +9)4. subtract 3 from 9 (9-3)5. multiply 3 by 9 ( 3 9)6. divide 9 by 3 ( 93)7. 3 plus 9 equals/is 12 ( 3+9=12)8. 9 minus 3 equals/ is 6 (9-3=6)9. 3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 27( 39=27) 10. 9 divided by 3 equals /is 3( 93=3)重點(diǎn)習(xí)題：1. this is a meeting of the worlds most _ ( power, powerful) countries.2. i played tennis five _ ( times, time) last week.3. the _ ( alive , living) things cant live without air or water.4. the chinese _ ( invented, invention ) the compass.5. 13 is an _ ( odd, even) number.6. he was _ ( amusing, amused) to hear the news.7. _ higher, and you will see the house. a if you stand b. to stand c. when you stand d. stand8. _ forget to wire to me when you _ get there next tuesday. a. dont, will b. please, will c. please,/ d. dont,/9. could you tell me _ to do next? nothing more. lets have a rest.a. why b. when c. what d. how10. tell the boys _ in the classroom.a. dont make a noise b. not to make noisec. not to make a noise d. not make a noise11. lets _ our time.a. not waste b. no wasting c. not to waste d. no waste12. _ rude to your classmates. a. dont be b. isnt c. be not d. arent13. how many people are there? about _. a. five hundred b. five hundreds c. hundreds d. hundreds of14. usually children have _ holiday in summer. a. an 8-week b. a 8-week c. an 8-weeks d. a 8-weeks15. this room