河南省鄭州市高考英語(yǔ)一輪 短文改錯(cuò)、書(shū)面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練（18）.doc

鄭州市 2014高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)、書(shū)面表達(dá)一輪訓(xùn)練（18）附參考范文passage *mark twain was born in a small town of horid.when he is only 1_twelve years old, his father died.late he became a river boat pilot.2_mark twain was her pen name.during the american civil war 3_he worked as a reporter and write a lot of stories.gradually he 4_made his mark and his work were popular.he became one of the 5_best known writer of the 19th century in the u.s.a.in his life 6_mark twain wrote the number of stories and novels, on which 7_ “adventure of tom sawyer” is the most famous one.his writings 8_have been translated to many other languages, and they are 9_deeply love by the readers all over the world. 10 _【參考答案】key 151iswas 2 late-later 3.herhis 4.writewrote 5 workworks 6.writerwriters7.thea 8.right 9 tointo 10.loved *結(jié)束一、導(dǎo)語(yǔ) what does beauty really mean？ everybody has own definition. the standard of beauty changes with different society， culture and nations. some hold the point that the beautiful appearance is of great importance， which is visible to all. others have the idea that the spiritual beauty is the loveliest one, which lasts long. however different it might be， their opinions are all acceptable. 什么是美呢？每個(gè)人都有自己的定義。美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)因社會(huì)、文化和國(guó)度不同而產(chǎn)生差異。有的人認(rèn)為相貌上的美是最重要、最直觀的美，有的人則認(rèn)為心靈上的美才是最可愛(ài)、最長(zhǎng)久的美。無(wú)論哪種美，這些對(duì)美的定義都是有道理的。 二、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境 以“what is beauty in your mind”為主題，發(fā)表自己的看法，題目自擬。要求：1. 行文流暢，觀點(diǎn)鮮明；2. 內(nèi)容豐富，層次分明；3. 詞數(shù)150左右。 三、學(xué)生習(xí)作 beauty will buy no beef everyone admires beauty. nowadays some people tend to think that they own beauty if they have a good looking. they are not satisfied with their appearance. they spend much money taking a kind of operation. can beauty really be man-made？if so， everybody can get beauty. as a result，there is no beauty at all. the appearance is given by our parents and is unique in the world. everyone should value it. id rather prefer nature as the standard of beauty. just accept yourself, accept everything the god gives to you，and create the beautiful life belong to you. many heroes dont have beautiful surface. however，their beautiful images often come to our minds. their beauty comes from their contributions to the society. dont be eager to judge whether a person is beautiful or not without a thorough understanding of him. a beautiful person is not the one with a good looking，but with a broad and kind heart. good looking is pleasant while spiritual beauty is more important. as an old saying goes，“virtue is fairer than beauty.”if you have a kind heart，you own real beauty. 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】 本文以諺語(yǔ)“漂亮不能當(dāng)飯吃”為題，直截了當(dāng)?shù)亓脸隽俗约旱挠^點(diǎn)。全文以“美德勝于美貌”為主線(xiàn)，闡述了“追求外形的美而放棄了內(nèi)在的美不是真正的美”。文章觀點(diǎn)鮮明，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，用詞恰當(dāng)，作者能運(yùn)用諺語(yǔ)來(lái)強(qiáng)化自己的觀點(diǎn)，有較強(qiáng)的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言組織能力和表達(dá)能力。 本文有兩處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤： id rather prefer應(yīng)改為 id prefer。would rather表示“寧愿”，prefer也是“寧愿”的意思，兩者不能連用在一起。 belong to 改為belonging to，在此處作定語(yǔ)。*結(jié)束 (201*內(nèi)江、廣安模擬)last saturday we had a party at home. dads friends come1._along with their families. since mom was not at home, dad2._and i had to prepare everything, so it turned out such a miracle3._that they did make it! everything went perfectly fine.4._a lot of kids who came that day. i had the most wonderful time5._with steven. it was just amazed to find someone so much6._like me. we had a lot of things by common. the time seemed7._short to me, and i wished we could have had some more time8._to continue the conversation. hopeful were going on9._a trip together next summer, and also summer after next.10._答案與解析：1comecame整篇文章為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，應(yīng)把come改為came。23sobut前后語(yǔ)境為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)把so改為but。4theywe根據(jù)上文可知作者使用了第一人稱(chēng)，此處指作者和父親倆人，因此應(yīng)把they改為we。5去掉who本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，去掉who。6amazedamazing主語(yǔ)為it，應(yīng)用amazing作表語(yǔ)，表示“令人驚異的”。7byin固定短語(yǔ)have.in common表示“有相同之處”。8去掉hadwish后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形，因此把had去掉。9hopefulhopefully副詞hopefully放在句首，表示“希望”副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子。10在also后加thenext summer指明年夏天，the summer after next指后年夏天。*結(jié)束近幾年的高考考試說(shuō)明中,關(guān)于高考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔(很好)中有這樣一段話(huà):應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤,但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致。這就是說(shuō),學(xué)生僅運(yùn)用基礎(chǔ)的詞匯和基本的句型,不能體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,即使表達(dá)無(wú)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,也不能得高分;相反有些錯(cuò)誤,目的在有意識(shí)地使用復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯,也不扣分,仍屬于最高檔次。高考把寫(xiě)作要求提到了這樣一個(gè)高度,有利于反映學(xué)生的水平層次,有利于指導(dǎo)教學(xué)。原來(lái)要點(diǎn)完整,語(yǔ)言無(wú)誤,行文連貫,表達(dá)清楚的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就落后了。在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中,訓(xùn)練最多的,學(xué)生們也最習(xí)慣的是五種基本句型:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。用這些句型組織的句子單一、無(wú)生氣,不能給人一種含金量高的審美享受?？陀^形勢(shì)對(duì)我們提出了高難度的要求,我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐?duì)書(shū)面表達(dá)進(jìn)行科學(xué)的操作?怎樣才能控制寫(xiě)作呢?本文擬就這一課題進(jìn)行討論,希望能給學(xué)生以啟迪,調(diào)動(dòng)積極性,開(kāi)拓思維,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神。首先,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一兩個(gè)句型,要靈活運(yùn)用各種語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),使文章有聲有色。一、改變時(shí)態(tài)例:the bell is ringing now.(一般)there goes the bell! (高級(jí))二、改變語(yǔ)態(tài)例:people suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)it is suggested that the conference be put off. (高級(jí))三、使用不定式例:he is so kind that he can help me.(一般)he is so kind as to help me.(高級(jí))四、使用過(guò)去分詞例:she walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高級(jí))once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高級(jí))五、使用v-ing形式例:when he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)on arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高級(jí))if the weather permits, ill come tomorrow.(一般)ill come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高級(jí))六、使用名詞性從句例:it disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般)the fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.(高級(jí))i happened to have met him.(一般)it happened that i had met him.(高級(jí))to his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)what surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高級(jí))七、使用定語(yǔ)從句例:the girl is spoken highly of. her composition was well written.(一般)the girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高級(jí))八、使用狀語(yǔ)從句例:i wont believe what he says.(一般)no matter what he says, i wont believe.(高級(jí))if you come back before six oclock, you can go out.(一般)you can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six oclock.(高級(jí))if she doesnt agree, what shall we do?(一般)supposing that she doesnt agree, what shall we do?(高級(jí))*結(jié)束高考英語(yǔ)作文精選范文（看圖作文類(lèi)）5. 根據(jù)圖畫(huà)寫(xiě)一篇短文，敘述某天小明與其媽媽發(fā)生的故事。 媽媽阻止兒子去扶摔倒的女孩；兒子對(duì)于倒了的油瓶置之不理。要求：1不僅要表述出圖中的內(nèi)容，還要發(fā)表自己的感想；2字?jǐn)?shù)：100字左右；3開(kāi)頭已給出。one day, xiao ming saw a little girl fall over. he wanted to help the girl up, but his mother stopped him and said, “dont do that, otherwise others will think it was you who knocked her down.” a few days later, the mother was shocked to see xiao ming just let the fallen oil bottle be. and xiao ming said to his mother, “if i did something about the bottle, you would think that it was i who knocked it over.”i disagree with what the mother did in the story. i think parents should set a good example to their children. they should not only care for their childrens health, but their minds. they should let their children know it is a pleasure to help others who are in trouble. we live in the society which is a big family for all of us.everyone should do something good to build up our society, right?*結(jié)束【3】baloney is a kind of sausage that many americans eat oftenthe word also has another meaning in englishit is used to describe somethingusually something someone saysthat is false or wrong or foolishbaloney sausage comes from the name of the italian city，bolognathe city is famous for its sausage，a mixture of smoked，spiced meat from cows and pigsbut，boloney sausage does not taste the same as beef or pork alonesome language experts think this different taste is responsible for the birth of the expression baloneybaloney is an idea or statement that is nothing like the truthin the same way that baloney sausage tastes nothing like the meat that is used to make itbaloney is a word often used by politicians to describe the ideas of their opponentsthe expression has been used for yearsfifty years ago，a former governor of new york state，alfred smith，criticized some claims by president franklin roosevelt about the successes of the roosevelt administrationsmith said，“no matter how thin you slice is，it is still baloney”a similar word has almost the same meaning as baloneyit even sounds almost the samethe word is blarneyit began in ireland about 1600the lord of blarney castle，near cork，agreed to surrender the castle to british troopsbut he kept making excuses for postponing the surrenderand，he made them sound like very good excuses，“this is just more of the same blarney”the irish castle now is famous for its blarney stonekissing the stone is thought to give a person special powers of speechone who has kissed the blarney stone，so the story goes，can speak words of praise so smoothly and sweetly that you believe them，even when you know they are false1whats the main idea of the text？(no more than 5 words) 2according to americans，what does baloney refer to？(no more than 8 words) 3what do you know about the lord of blarney castle，near cork？(no more than 6 words) 4why do people kiss the blarney stone？(no more than 6 words) 【參考答案】1the other meaning of baloney2it is something false or wrong or foolish3he was a clever man4to get special powers of speech*結(jié)束 （廣東卷）寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分第二節(jié)：讀寫(xiě)任務(wù)閱讀下面短文，然后按要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文when sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. he thought he would be able（） to go home every weekend. when he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.he was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. he started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. he was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. he tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. he started feeling homesick (想家) 安定wanted to go homes as soon as possible.he got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. he could not concentrate in the classroom. all he could think was being at home with his family. he had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. he was angry and felt lonely. he thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。2. 以約120個(gè)詞講述一次你（或你的朋友）想家的經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容包括：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和起因；想家給學(xué)習(xí)和生活帶來(lái)的影響；你（或你朋友）是如何應(yīng)對(duì)的。寫(xiě)作要求1.作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容何時(shí)，語(yǔ)句連貫?！緟⒖挤段摹縯he story is about what sam felt about his first boarding school life. as a child, he never left his parents, so he didnt get used to dealing with everything in school independently. once i had a similar experience. i finished my junior middle school in a boarding school. at the age of 13, i never delt with the daily things, such as washing clothes, taking care of money etc. especially i felt lonely because i hardly knew any people. at first, i could not get on well with my classmates and i always looked forward to being on holiday to meet my parents. i could not concentrate on my subjects. as time went by, i gradually adapted myself to the school life. i made several friends with our classmates and often took part in the activities, in which i improved my communicating skills.