英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力入門(mén)第三冊(cè)-Unit7.doc

Unit 7 Communications (1)Part Warming upA.key words:security安全Freedom from risk or danger; safety.安全：不受威脅或危險(xiǎn)； megameg兆,百萬(wàn)online VCRVCR: Video Cassette Recorder錄像機(jī)Vocabulary:haystackheistk干草堆A large stack of hay for winter storage in the open（戶外）干草堆：放于戶外備冬用的干草堆look for a needle in a haystack做沒(méi)有希望的事, 海底撈針gigahertzgigh:ts千兆赫 1,000,000,000 periods per secondmegahertzmeg.h:ts兆赫one million periods per secondrender宣布To deliver or pronounce formally正式宣布：正式地交付或宣布：eg. The jury has rendered its verdict.陪審團(tuán)已經(jīng)作出了裁決Fast Search & Transfer (FAST)一個(gè)挪威軟件研究集團(tuán)Developer ForumIntel Developer Forum（英特爾信息技術(shù)峰會(huì)，簡(jiǎn)稱IDF）是由英特爾公司主辦的技術(shù)講座，在美國(guó)、中國(guó)等7個(gè)地區(qū)舉辦，每年分秋冬舉辦兩次。IDF主要由主題演講、技術(shù)專題講座以及技術(shù)展示組成，主題演講的演講者均是英特爾的高層人士，演講的題目都具有相當(dāng)?shù)那罢靶?，作為一家在處理器、網(wǎng)絡(luò)處理器等領(lǐng)域處于領(lǐng)先地位的公司，IDF的確是讓業(yè)界獲悉英特爾最新動(dòng)向的最佳場(chǎng)合。作為全球最負(fù)盛名的技術(shù)行業(yè)盛會(huì)之一，英特爾信息技術(shù)峰會(huì)(IDF)已經(jīng)成為眾多知名的技術(shù)專家和企業(yè)了解國(guó)際行業(yè)資訊、交流領(lǐng)先經(jīng)驗(yàn)的超值平臺(tái)。Palm Springs 棕櫚泉 Palm Spring 沙漠里的綠洲patrol = search 搜查the human flesh search engine 人肉搜索coordinated ku:dinitidadj. 同等的,等位的;協(xié)調(diào)的,整合的,綜合的Tapescript: 1. And British papers report the latest trend when you meet someone in a bar is to get their number, go home, and google them. Yes that gorgeous girl or guy you met the other night is probably patrolling a search engine right now to check you out. So dont even think of trying to tell them youre a famous footballer or brain surgeon or television presenter.2. The jamming, earlier this month, of several popular Internet sites with a flood of crippling messages sent a wakeup call to those involved with electronic or e-commerce. One recent suggestion is to form an industry-wide group to share information about security issues. High-tech executives want to make a coordinated effort to ensure that the Internet becomes a safe place to conduct business.3. Now home to some 800 million pages - a figure thats doubling each year - searching the Internet can be like looking for a needle in a haystack. But Oslo-based Fast Search & Transfer (FAST) has developed a search engine (www. ) capable of scanning more than 200 million pages. FAST is working on a megasearch engine that searches “all the web, all the time.”4. This week, the Intel Corporation held its semi-annual Developer Forum in Palm Springs, California. The gathering draws more than 2,000 hardware and software developers from around the world. Intel executives opened the event with a demonstration of a high-speed chip, code-named “Williamette.” The chip, designed to power personal computers, has a speed of one point five gigahertz, making it almost twice as fast as Intels popular Pentium chip which runs at 800 megahertz.5. An online VCR seems like a bright idea but its been quickly rendered non-functional by the copyright lawyers. Not for the first time, the Hollywood studios objected to re-transmitting network television show, in this case for users to watch via the web. Programs were being made available for visitors to save remotely or record for subsequent viewing via Windows Media Player.B. key words:redesign重新設(shè)計(jì)To make a revision in the appearance or function of修改的外形，修改的功能alleviate減輕To make (pain, for example) more bearable減輕：使（痛苦等）更易于忍受：eg. a drug that alleviates cold symptoms 一種減輕感冒癥狀的藥品Vocabulary:zip code郵政編碼A service mark used for a system designed to expedite the sorting and delivery of mail by assigning a series of numbers to each delivery area in the United States標(biāo)明郵政編碼于：美國(guó)的一種服務(wù)標(biāo)志，通過(guò)給每個(gè)郵遞區(qū)設(shè)定一系列數(shù)字使迅速完成郵件的分類(lèi)和投遞的而設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)系統(tǒng)donate捐贈(zèng)To present as a gift to a fund or cause; contribute捐贈(zèng)：作為禮物給某一基金或事業(yè)；貢獻(xiàn)National Geographic 國(guó)家地理雜志National Geographic:l Helping choose the magazines coverl Interviewing the photographersl Showing more picturesl Providing zip U.S.A.Hunger Site:l Helping alleviate world hungerl Donating contributions to the United Nations World Food Program each time an individual logs on to the sitel Total value of distributed food: approximately $400,000Ask Jeeves Site:l Asking questions in simple Englishl Getting direct answersl Starting year: 1997Questions dealt with so far: more than 150 millionTapescript:1. National Geographic, the magazine, has redesigned its website with some new features. Among them, an opportunity for readers to help choose the magazines cover, interviews with National Geographic photographers, and lots and lots of pictures. More pictures in fact than there was room for in the print version. Theres also Zip U.S.A. , the feature you can find both online and in print. Its a focused look at one zip code in the U.S.2. Now, theres a website created to help alleviate world hunger called the Hunger Site. Contributions, generated when computer users visit the site on the Worldwide Web, are donated to the United Nations World Food Program. “The beauty of the site is that when the web surfer clicks on, they dont pay a penny.” This is Abby Spring, a world Food Program official. She says that funds to purchase the food come from corporate donors who make a financial contribution each time an individual logs on to Hungersite - thats one word - dot com. Abby spring says that so far, thanks to Hungersite dot com, the World Food Program has been able to distribute food valued at approximately $400,000.3. The Ask Jeeves Site on the Internet is one of the most useful Internet sites for asking questions in simple English and getting direct answers. Ask most search engines a question these days and they will return a result which gives thousands of pages for you to search. The Ask Jeeves Site gives you half a dozen where you can find the exact answer. The Ask Jeeves Site owners say they have dealt with more than 150 million questions since Ask jeeves was set up in 1997. Just this month, people were asking Jeeves the following questions: What are the latest scores for baseball? What is the address of the website for Coca-Cola? Where can I find a list of airfare travel bargains? Tell me the names of the top 20 universities and colleges in the U.S.Part The InternetA.key words:anarchy nki混亂Absence of any cohesive principle, such as a common standard or purpose混亂，無(wú)秩序：無(wú)任何凝聚性準(zhǔn)則，如共同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或目標(biāo)asset set資源A useful or valuable quality, person, or thing; an advantage or a resource資源，優(yōu)點(diǎn)：有用的或有價(jià)值的品德，人或事物；優(yōu)勢(shì)或資財(cái)eg. An agreeable personality is a great asset; proved herself an asset to the company.宜人的性格是一個(gè)很大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；證明她自己是公司的難得之材threat威脅An indication of impending danger or harm壞兆頭：即將有危險(xiǎn)或傷害的跡象One that is regarded as a possible danger; a menace威脅：一種被認(rèn)為是可能的危險(xiǎn)；一種危險(xiǎn)Vocabulary:vague Not clearly expressed; inexplicit含糊的：沒(méi)有明確表達(dá)的；不明確的Not thinking or expressing oneself clearly模糊的：沒(méi)有思考清楚的或自我表達(dá)不清楚的clerical klerikl職員辦事員， 文書(shū)的， 辦公室工作的desktop 計(jì)算機(jī) 桌面1. Technology is moving from the desktop into our everyday life.2. The Internet is the worlds largest experimenting anarchy.3. Some languages will disappear.4. Economies are changing.Tapescript:A - Anchor P - Ned Potter S - SpecialistA: Were gonna take a closer look tonight again at the future of the Internet. Not that we have anything but the vaguest idea where its going in the long run. One of the truly fascinating and somewhat unsettling aspects of the Internet revolution is how many technologists and scientists say that the future may hold any number of surprises. So were going to inch our way into the future.P: At the Internet World Trade Show in New York, they see a future when the web is everywhere.S1: Technology is moving from the desktop into our everyday life.P: Imagine work, society, economics, relationships, all transformed, when anyone, anytime can get any message or knowledge or amusement they want, anywhere on the planet without so much as a wire.S2: In many ways, the Internet is the worlds largest experimenting anarchy, because all of a sudden, the citizens of the world are in charge, and no single government or governing body is in charge of what they do.P: Keep in mind that the web, transmitting by satellites, cell-phone, cable, goes through no one central location that anyone controls. So many of the boundaries that exist today, political and economic, will be strained as never before. Some scientists say three quarters of the worlds languages will disappear as the net connects isolated places. Already English is what you find on most web pages, blending cultures, no matter how much people try to save them. Economies are changing too. As distance becomes meaningless, white-collar clerical, accounting or administrative jobs are being exported to Asia, just as blue-collar factory jobs were years ago.S3: Imagine, there are 40 or 50 million Indians, not to mention the Chinese, who could deliver office work to the rich countries of the world for two dollars an hour.P: So this massive web f information is both an asset and a threat, changing cultures, economies, and governments, in ways no one can imagine or control.B.key words: compulsive kmplsiv強(qiáng)制的Having the capacity to compeleg. a frightening, compulsive novel一本令人欲罷不能的驚悚小說(shuō)anonymity .nnimiti匿名The quality or state of being unknown or unacknowledged匿名，無(wú)名，姓氏不詳：不被知道或認(rèn)識(shí)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)Vocabulary:prone to prun傾向于 having a tendency eg. He was prone to anger. 他易于發(fā)怒。eg. The child is rather accident-prone. 那個(gè)小孩很容易出事兒.eg. People are more prone to make mistakes when they are tired. 人們疲勞時(shí)更容易出差錯(cuò)。beef up 口加強(qiáng), 補(bǔ)充(人數(shù), 兵力)等make strong or stronger(synonym)：strengthen, fortifyeg. The new evidence beefed up their case. 有了新的證據(jù), 他們的理由更充足了.realtime 實(shí)時(shí)的(快速的)cyberfriendshipsaib- 網(wǎng)友1. How many people use the Internet in the U.S.? And what are the first three uses? Close to 100 million, increasing daily by tens of thousands / email, chat, e-commerce2. Are there people who are spending too much time online? 6% compulsively / millions / 6-9 hours a day3. Have you seen anything like this before? A new way / addiction4. Can Internet shopping go too far? Keep doing it / compulsive pattern5. Whats compelling about the Net? Feeling closer / more quickly / time passes freely / anonymity / no end6. How do people know when theyve gone too far? Alter mood on regular basis? / Interfering with life?7. Is there a personality type that is more prone to compulsive use? Dont know / tend to be younger / more addiction among people in technical field8. What should people do if they use the Internet compulsively? Limit amount of time / write down specific task / clock / limit access / monitor / beef up realtime relationships / go to store / log offTapescript:I - Interview G - Dr. David GreenfieldI: How many people use the Internet?G: Close to 100 million in the United States. And thats increasing daily by tens of thousands. Email and chat are by far the No. 1 and No. 2 uses. E-commerce sites come in third.I: Are there people who are spending too much time online/G: Based on my research, about 6 percent of people online are using the Internet compulsively. Even if weve overestimated, were talking millions. Its not that they just stay on for two hours. Im talking about people losing jobs, having marital problems, experiencing a very significant negative impact on their lives. The average among the most compulsive group was upward of six to nine hours online a day.I: Have you ever seen anything like this before?G: This isnt a new disease. Its a new way of expressing the same disease; addiction. People get addicted to lots of things that are pleasurable and intense. The Internet gives you that hit, a temporary high feeling, just like exercise or drugs.I: Can Internet shopping go too far?G: All addictions are the same, regardless of the stimulus. You shop because you get a high. The problem is, its so short-lived that you have to keep doing it. And thats where it can become a compulsive pattern.I: Whats compelling about the Net/G: We dont know for sure. But people feel closer, more quickly to the people they communicate with online than in real life; time passes freely, and people like the anonymity. With every other communication medium - newspapers, magazines, TV shows - there is a beginning and an end. But online, there is always another link, another banner, another person to answer that question.I: So how do people know when theyve gone too far?G: There are two things to ask: Are they using the Internet to alter their mood on a regular basis? And, is it interfering with their life in any way?I: Is there a personality type that is more prone to compulsive use?G: I dont know if Internet addicts are different from drug addicts or gambling addicts. We do know that they tend to be younger and there is a slightly higher incidence of addiction among people in the technical field.I: What should people do if they use the Internet compulsively?G: One solution is to limit the amount of time they spend online. Have a specific task you are going to do and write that down. Put a clock next to the screen so you can keep track of time. If you find yourself getting over-stimulated by some site, limit your access to it. Ask someone to monitor your use or put the computer in the family room or the living room, where other people can see you. Try to beef up your realtime relationships to compete with your cyberfriendships. If youre shopping too much, go to a store instead. If you cant control your use, you might have to just log off.Part Digital McLuhankey words:applicability n.適用性, 適應(yīng)性relevance by virtue of being applicable to the matter at handone-wayMoving or permitting movement in one direction only單向的：允許朝或只能朝單方向運(yùn)動(dòng)的：eg. a one-way street單行道Providing for travel in one direction only單程的：?jiǎn)纬搪眯械模篹g. a one-way ticket單程票two-wayAffording passage in two directions雙向的：有兩個(gè)方向的通道的：eg. a two-way street雙向的街道Moving in two directions雙通的：在兩個(gè)方向運(yùn)行的：eg. two-way traffic雙向交通Vocabulary:stipulatestipjuleitTo lay down as a condition of an agreement; require by contract規(guī)定：作為合約的條件規(guī)定；按合同要求To guarantee or promise (something) in an agreement保證：在約定中保證或許諾vouchvat擔(dān)保To give personal assurances; give a guarantee擔(dān)保，保證：給予個(gè)人擔(dān)保；給予保證：eg. vouch for an old friends trustworthiness擔(dān)保一個(gè)老朋友可信任driveldrivl淌口水, 說(shuō)傻話;胡說(shuō)a worthless messagegemdem珍品, 寶石Something that is valued for its beauty or perfection珍品：由于其美麗或完美而被珍藏的東西：eg. a little gem of a book一本寶書(shū)eg. My secretary is an absolute gem. 我的秘書(shū)真是個(gè)難能可貴的人。xerox zirks v. 影印施樂(lè)(財(cái)富500強(qiáng)公司之一，總部所在地美國(guó),主要經(jīng)營(yíng)辦公設(shè)備)Summary:Marshall McLuhan, a communications expert from Canada, never touched a personal computer. But his research on the media and their effect on people and society remains relevant today. He was first thinker to really look at television as something that had a serious impact upon our society. Although he was writing about television, an enormous amount of what he said has even more applicability to the Internet age. He said that television was turning the world into a global village. And the notion of village becomes much more meaningful and real in our digital age. He saw a time when everyone would be a publisher with the help of the Xerox machine, and now the web is even expanding and amplifying that.Tapescript:I - Interviewer L - Paul Levinson Marshall McLuhan, a communications expert from Canada, never touched a personal computer. He died in 1979. But his research on the media and their effect on people and society remains relevant today. Paul Levinson, an American high-tech expert knew Professor McLuhan, and discusses his impact in a volume entitled Digital McHuhan: A Guide to the Information Millennium.I: Mr. Levinson, why is Marshall McHuhan such an important figure?L: Well, he did his writing in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. And those decades, of course, were the first years of television. And he was the first thinker to really look at television as something that had a serious impact upon our society. Interestingly, although he was writing about television, an enormous amount of what he said has even more applicability to the Internet age. For example, he said that television was turning the world into a global village. What he meant by that is when everyone watches the same thing on the television screen that group thats watching that television program is a community of sorts. Its like the people in a village all hearing and seeing the same thing. In contrast, now in the 1990s, as we move into the new millennium, when people communicate on the web, and through the Internet, they are not only doing an hearing and seeing the same thing, they are also participating, communicating among each other. And so, the notion of village becomes much more meaningful and real in our digital age. I: TV was a or is a one-way medium, whereas the Internet is two-way.L: Thats right. There is a crucial difference right there. Most media in the 20th century, in fact all the major media of the 20th century - radio, motion pictures, television - were and are like newspapers and books: one-way media. The telephone, which of course was invented in 1876, is a two-way medium. But, its a two-way personal medium. There is nothing public, or there shouldnt be much public about a telephone conversation. What makes the Internet so different is that it is public but it is also interactive and two-way.I: Marshall McLuhan saw a time when everyone would be a publisher. He was referring to the Xerox machine, the copying machine. Today, w