反意疑問句講解.doc

反 意 疑 問 句一、反意疑問句的概念及構(gòu)成反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句，它表示提問者有一定的主見，但沒有把握，希望對方證實(shí)一下。反意疑問句由兩部分組成，前一部分是對事物的陳述，后一部分是簡短的提問。反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)可分為兩種：肯定，否定？ ：否定，肯定？It is a fine day, isnt it? It isnt a fine day, is it?二、反意疑問句的解答步驟1.判定（判斷該用肯定還是否定）；2.找動（找句子的助動詞：按原形do，三單does，過去時態(tài)did）；3.換代（將主語換為代詞）；4.完成（寫上問號，注意語調(diào)）。I have been waiting for you, havent I?Their parents have gone to London, havent they?Jack wasnt playing soccer, was he?You have a good friend, dont you?We had a meeting, didnt we?三、特殊形式反意疑問句，除了要采取上述其中的幾步外，還要注意其不規(guī)則變化。1、特殊代詞做主語a、人稱代詞作主語。由于“am+not”無縮寫形式，所以后面問句的謂語和陳述句的謂語不一致如：I am a worker, arent I?b、指示代詞this或that; these或those作陳述句的主語, 其簡短的主語分別為it或they。如：This (That) is your pen, isnt it?These (those) arent books, are they?c、不定代詞：everyone, everybody , anyone, anybody, someone，somebody, no one, nobody,問句部分的主語用they如：Everyone studies English, dont they?Nobody is here, are they ?d、不定代詞 everything , nothing , anything , something 做主語時，其問句部分的主語用it.如：Everything is here, isnt it?Nothing is here, is it?2、祈使句后的反意疑問句形式a、Lets表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh，簡短問句的主語用 we表示，問句用 shall we?如： Lets have a cup of tea, shall we?b、Let me或 Let us表示聽話人提出請求，問句用 will you。如： Let me have a rest, will you?c、其它的祈使句后可以加一個簡短問句will you，使語氣變得客氣一些。如：Have a rest, will you?Dont stand up, will you?3、主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問句形式a、一般主從復(fù)合句，疑問部分中的動詞和代詞應(yīng)和主句中的動詞和主語保持一致。She says her brother is a worker, doesnt she?b、如果主從復(fù)合句中主句的主語I，謂語動詞為think, expect , believe , imagine 等，問句中的主語和謂語必須和從句中的主語，謂語保持一致。如：I dont think you have done it, have you? I suppose you know the meaning of the word, dont you?We believe she can do it better, cant she?4、 含有下列情態(tài)動詞時構(gòu)成的反意疑問句形式 a、陳述句有had better時，問句中用had (hadnt) 。Youd better go home now, hadnt you?b、陳述句中有 must表示“必須”時問句用 neednt或 mustntYou must do your homework, mustnt you?/ neednt you?We mustnt go home, must (need) we?c、must表示“推測”時，問句中則不能用情態(tài)動詞，而需要用其它形式。如：She must be in the room, isnt she?You must have been to Shanghai, havent you?5、陳述句中含有否定含義的詞如no, nothing, nobody, little, few, never, neither, hardly, seldom 等, 問句部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。He never wanted to go, did he?I had few apples, did I?There was nothing in the water, was there?6、陳述句部分中含有表示否定意義的前綴或后綴(如：un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less等)的詞時，否定前綴或后綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。例如：They dislike English, dont they? 他們不喜歡英語，不是嗎？Thats unfair, isnt it? 那件事不公平，不是嗎？You are too careless, arent you? 你太粗心了，不是嗎？7、并列句的反意疑問句，問句的主語一般與最近的句子的主語保持一致。如：We must study English hard, or we arent good at English, are we?It is late now, but he goes on doing his homework, doesnt he?8、感嘆句的反意問句形式。感嘆句的問句中的謂語動詞要用否定形式，be動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時形式。如：How slowly he runs, doesnt he? What a good worker he is, isnt he? 9、在there be 句型中，疑問句部分用 be (not) there 如： There is a book on the table, isnt there 10、陳述句部分是I wish句型時，附加問句部分用may I。例如： I wish I were you, may I? 我希望我是你，可以嗎？I wish her to come here, may I? 我希望她到這兒來，可以嗎？ 四、對反意疑問句的回答 不管問題的提法如何，若事實(shí)是肯定的，就要用Yes，事實(shí)是否定的，就要用No?；卮鸱匆庖蓡柧湟裱皩?shí)事求是”的原則，肯定的答案就yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)；否定的答案就用no+否定結(jié)構(gòu)。答案要和實(shí)際情況相符這和漢語不一樣，應(yīng)特別注意。如： -You are not going out today, are you? -No, I am not 是的，我今天不出去。-Yes, I am. 不，我今天要出去。高考預(yù)測題 1.Nobody says a word about the incident, _?A. is he B. doesnt he C. do they D. dont they 2.You never told me why you were late for the class, _?A. werent you B. didnt you C. had you D. did you3.They dare not call you a fool, _?A. would they B. dared they C. dares they D. dare they4.There is not much news in todays paper, _?A. isnt it B. are there C. is there D. arent there 5.The manager came here in a car, _?A. was he B. did he C. wasnt he D. didnt he6.She must have arrived there yesterday, _?A. have she B. must she C. didnt she D. mustnt she7.Peter hardly ever goes to parties, _?A. doesnt he B. do he C. does he D. is he8.What a lovely day, _?A. doesnt it B. isnt it C. shant it D. hasnt it9.Let me do it, _?A. shall I B. shall weC. will you D. will I10.Nothing he did was right, _?A. did he B. was it C. didnt it D. was he11.There used to be a church behind the cemetery, _?A. didnt there B. used there C. usednt it D. didnt it12.He must be in the library now, _?A. doesnt he B. mustnt he C. neednt he D. isnt he13.You would rather not have fish, _ you?A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. would D. had14.-You are not a new member, are you? - _. I joined only yesterday.A. No, Im not B. Yes, Im not C. No, I am D. Yes, I am15.My sister often needs help with her study, _?A. need she B. neednt she C. does she D. doesnt she16.Youd better send for a doctor for your mother, _ you?A. had B. hadnt C. would D. wouldnt17.Lets go swimming, _?A. arent we B. shall we C. will you D. wont we18.Li Ming cant be in the classroom, _?A. can he B. is he C. cant he D. must he19.He ought to have looked after his father, _?A. oughtnt he B. ought he not to C. oughtnt he to D. oughtnt to he20.I have nothing to do with the matter, _?A. have I B. has it C. do I D. does it21.He was in good heath when I saw him last time, _?A. wasnt he B. didnt he C. hadnt he D. hasnt he22.John had his hair cut yesterday afternoon, _?A. havent he B. didnt he C. hadnt he D. hasnt he23.None of the pupils attended the sports meet, _?A. did they B. do they C. didnt they D. dont they24.Id like to go with you, _?A. had I B. wouldnt I C. hadnt I D. would I25.It is the third time that John has been late, _?A. hasnt he B. isnt he C. isnt it D. hasnt it26.I suppose he is serious, _?A. do I B. dont I C. is he D. isnt he27.She dislikes this skirt, _?A. doesnt she B. does she C. isnt she D. is she28.You mustnt tell it to your mother, _?A. must you B. do you C. need you D. will you29.They have to face the difficulty, _?A. havent they B. dont they C. do they D. must they30.The man in blue must be your brother, _?A. mustnt he B. neednt he C. isnt he D. is he 答案與提示： 1.C當(dāng)陳述部分中的主語為everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody等不定代詞時，反意疑問句部分中的主語常用they。且陳述部分為否定意義的詞nobody, 反意疑問部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。 2.D當(dāng)陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句時，反意疑問部分中的動詞和主語代詞通常應(yīng)和主句中的動詞和主語保持一致。3.D當(dāng)陳述部分中含有情態(tài)動詞dare 時，反意疑問部分也應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞dare（沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化）4.C陳述句部分含有not,是否定式，所以反意疑問部分應(yīng)用肯定式。而且當(dāng)陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時， 反意疑問部分用there,省略主語代詞。5.D當(dāng)陳述部分的動詞是行為動詞時，而且前面又沒有任何助動詞時，這時的疑問部分要用do/does/did。6.C如果must have done句式中的時間狀語為表示過去的時間的詞，如last year, yesterday, the day before yesterday等，反意疑問部分常用didnt + 主語。7.C如果陳述部分已有表示否定意義的副詞，如never, nothing, seldom, rarely, hardly等時，反意疑問部分應(yīng)用肯定形式。8.B當(dāng)陳述句部分為感嘆句時，反意疑問句部分常用否定形式，且問句部分的動詞常用be。9.C當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時，反意疑問部分常用will you。10.B當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everything, anything, nothing, something等表物的不定代詞時，反意疑問部分的主語常用it。11.A當(dāng)陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時， 反意疑問部分用there,省略主語代詞。當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞used to時，反意疑問部分可用used to形式或did形式。所以此空應(yīng)填didnt there 或usednt there。 12.D must/ may/ cant + do 表示對現(xiàn)在情況的推測，反意疑問部分用一般現(xiàn)在時。He must be in the library now.相當(dāng)于I think he is in the library now.13.C當(dāng)陳述句部分含had better/best, would like to, would rather等約定俗成特殊短語時，反意疑問部分應(yīng)保留第一個詞。如此題中的陳述部分含有would rather的否定式，則反意疑問部分用would。14.D反意疑問句的答語應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來回答，如果事實(shí)是肯定的，前面要用yes,否則用no。回答中的肯定否定關(guān)系可以用下面這個公式表示：（表示肯定，表示否定）問句中：， 或，回答中：，或，15.D陳述句部分含有實(shí)義動詞needs, 所以反意疑問部分要用助動詞doesnt。 16.B當(dāng)陳述部分有had better時，反意疑問部分應(yīng)用hadnt。17.B當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時，反意疑問部分常用will you. 但以Lets 開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分常用shall we.以Let us開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分常用will you。18.B當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞must，may, cant, 且表示推測時，反意疑問部分不能用must, may, cant自身，應(yīng)和后面的實(shí)義動詞保持一致. Ling Ming cant be in the classroom.相當(dāng)于：I dont think Li Ming is in the classroom.19.A當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，反意疑問部分常用oughtnt。20.C本題中的陳述部分中的have是實(shí)義動詞，不作“有”解，所以反意疑問部分應(yīng)需借助助動詞do, does, did等來完成。21.A當(dāng)陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句時，反意疑問部分中的動詞和主語代詞通常應(yīng)和主句中的動詞和主語保持一致。