《高考優(yōu)學(xué)》教材梳理——Unit 4 Sharing(選修7).doc

版權(quán)所有：高考資源網(wǎng)(www.k s 5 )2010年高考風(fēng)向標(biāo)英語目 錄第一部分 教材梳理必修一Unit 1 Friendship單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 2 English around the world單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 3 Travel journal單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 4 Earthquakes單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測必修二Unit 1 Cultural relics單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 2 The Olympic Games單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 3 Computers單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 4 Wildlife protection單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 5 Music單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測必修三Unit 1 Festivals around the world單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 2 Healthy eating單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽語言要點(diǎn)詞語辨析詞性變化重點(diǎn)單詞重點(diǎn)詞組重點(diǎn)句子課文要點(diǎn)課文詞匯填空課文大意概括課文佳句背誦與仿寫單元自測第二部分 語法專題專題一 冠詞專題二 名詞專題三 代詞專題四 數(shù)詞專題五 形容詞和副詞專題六 介詞專題七 情態(tài)動詞專題八 非謂語動詞專題九 動詞和動詞短語專題十 動詞的時態(tài)專題十一 動詞的語態(tài)專題十二 句子種類專題十三 名詞性從句專題十四 定語從句專題十五 狀語從句專題十六 倒裝句和省略句專題十七 強(qiáng)調(diào)句專題十八 虛擬語氣專題十九 主謂一致專題二十 直接引語和間接引語第三部分 高考題型講練聽力完形填空語法填空閱讀理解信息匹配基礎(chǔ)寫作讀寫任務(wù) 本資料來自于資源最齊全的世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)第一部分 教材梳理選修七版權(quán)所有：高考資源網(wǎng)()版權(quán)所有：21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)(21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng))Unit 4 Sharing一、語言要點(diǎn)I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）詞匯部分詞語辨析1. imaginative/imaginable/imaginary 2. dry up/dry out 3. other wise/therefore/however詞形變化1. operate v. 操作, 動手術(shù)operator n. 操作員, (電話)接線員,operation n. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 操作, 實(shí)施2. donate v. 捐贈, 贈予donation n. 捐贈品, 捐款, 貢獻(xiàn)3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,arrangement n. 排列, 安排4. adjust v. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的adjustment n. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)節(jié)器5.participate v. 參與,分享, participant n. 參與者,participation n. 分享, 參與重點(diǎn)單詞1. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合. 2. participate vi.參與；參加.3. otherwise adv.用別的方法；其他方面. Adv & conj.否則；不然4. arrangement n.安排；排列. 5. donate vt.捐贈.6. purchase vt.&n.買；購買.7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài).8. relevant adj. 有關(guān)的, 相應(yīng)的9. operate v. 操作, 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 開動, 起作用重點(diǎn)詞組(be) dying to. 極想；渴望. the other day 幾天前stick out. 伸出 in need. 在困難中；在危急中.重點(diǎn)句型1. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good morning” for me from the boys.2. You asked whether Im getting to know any local people.3. The gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.重點(diǎn)語法限制性定語從句 (見語法專題) II 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). imaginative/imaginable/imaginary adj.【解釋】imaginative富有想象力的，創(chuàng)新的imaginable可想象得到的imaginary想象中的，虛構(gòu)的【練習(xí)】選擇imaginative/imaginable或imaginary并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are _. 2) Its _ for such an _ writer to create _ stories.3) This is the only solution _. 4) The famous poem was from an _ poet.Keys: 1) imaginary 2) imaginable; imaginative ; imaginary 3) imaginable 4) imaginative2). dry up/dry out 【解釋】dry up使完全變干；（河流，湖泊等）干涸dry out變干，干透(不及物短語)【練習(xí)】選擇dry up或dry out，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) The farmers pumped water to their fields to stop the soil _.2) The pool _ in the late autumn.3) The villagers had to wait for the sun to _ the dirt road.4) Dont leave the vegetable on the table, or it will _.Keys: 1) drying out 2) dries up 3) dry up 4)dry out3) otherwise/therefore/however【解釋】otherwise否則；不然therefore adv.因此, 所以however無論如何, 可是【練習(xí)】選擇otherwise/therefore或however并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) He didnt work hard at English_ he wouldnt find it difficult to learn now 2) We do not have enough money_we cannot afford to buy the new car 3) The first part was easy；the second，_，took hours 4) He is noisy， but _a nice boy5) We were going to play football，but it was so hot that we decided to do_Keys: 1)otherwise 2)Therefore 3)however 4) otherwise 5)otherwiseIII 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）1. operate v. 操作, 動手術(shù)operator n. 操作員, (電話)接線員,operation n. 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 操作, 實(shí)施2. donate v. 捐贈, 贈予donation n. 捐贈品, 捐款, 貢獻(xiàn)3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,arrangement n. 排列, 安排4. adjust v. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的adjustment n. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)節(jié)器5.participate v. 參與,分享, participant n. 參與者,participation n. 分享, 參與【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) They encouraged the _ to _ in the singing performance after the contest.(participate)2) The doctor are _ on an _ of a factory who got injured when _a machine, and the _ is said to last over ten hours.(operate)3) The seats in the plane are _ , and you can _ them to a certain angle. The _ is not difficult to make. (adjust)4) The drinks were _ to them by coca cola company and they received _from other companies as well. (donate)5) Our department will be in charge of _the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the _ for it? (arrange)keys:1) participants; participate 2) operating; operator; operating ; operation 3) adjustable; adjust; adjustment 4) donated; donation 5) arranging; arrangementIV 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合.重點(diǎn)用法 adjustment n 調(diào)整；修正adjustable adj 可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的adjust(sthoneself)(to sth)使適應(yīng)；適應(yīng)。注意：該詞作不及物動詞時，其意思是“適應(yīng)于”，后常跟介詞to。典例 1) I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning我通常早上上班前校準(zhǔn)我的表.2) It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1新來的同學(xué)看來適應(yīng)了學(xué)校生活。3) He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country他使自己很快適應(yīng)了這個國家炎熱的氣候。4)The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child這些桌子和凳子能被調(diào)整到適合任何孩子的高度。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他很快就適應(yīng)了這種生活方式，從此幸福地生活著。_2) 許多新兵沒能很快適應(yīng)軍中生活，結(jié)果病倒了。_Keys: 1) He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since2) Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.2. participate vi.參與；參加; 分享重點(diǎn)用法 participant n. 參與者，共享者participate in a discussion參加討論participate in profits分享利潤participate in sb. s sufferings分擔(dān)某人的痛苦；與某人共患難 典例1) If only I could participate in your good fortune. 要是我能分享你的好運(yùn)就好了2) When in grief, you need some friends to participate in your suffering.悲傷時，你需要朋友幫你分擔(dān)痛苦。練習(xí)根據(jù)括號里所給的中文意思補(bǔ)全句子。1) I managed to get in touch with my old schoolmates graduated in 2003 _ (參加校慶100周年)2) If only_(分享你的好運(yùn)).3) He is an _ (積極參加社會活動的人).Keys: 1)to participate in the hundredth anniversary of schoo1 Day of our high schoo12)I could participate in your good fortune 3)active participant in social work3. otherwise adv.用別的方法；其他方面. adv & conj.否則；不然重點(diǎn)用法 and otherwise等等；其他but otherwise然而在別的方面卻or otherwise或相反典例1) He is slow but otherwise he is a good worker他雖慢，但在其他方面卻是個好工人。2) He reminded me of that; I should otherwise have forgotten 幸虧他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。3) You should go now，otherwise youll miss the bus你現(xiàn)在該走了，否則就趕不上公共汽車了。4) He thinks otherwise他是另外一種想法。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 今天我身體不舒服，否則我會去機(jī)場接你了。2) 房租貴了些，但其他方面還挺令人滿意的。3) 我們得到達(dá)那兒，搭乘飛機(jī)或者其它方式。Keys: 1) Im not feeling well today; otherwise I would meet you at the airport. 2) The rent is a bit high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory. 3) Well get there somehow, by plan or otherwise.4. arrangement n.安排；排列.典例 1) He arranged the books on the shelf他把書架上的書整理了一下。2) We have arranged a party我們準(zhǔn)備了一個晚會。 3) Arranged with her to meet at 8和她商定8點(diǎn)鐘見面。重點(diǎn)用法 arrange v安排, 排列, 協(xié)商come to an arrangement談妥；達(dá)成協(xié)議make arrangement for為做好準(zhǔn)備；為做好安排make arrangement with sb與(某人)商定或約好，(和某人)達(dá)成協(xié)議；做好準(zhǔn)備；做出安排練習(xí)根據(jù)括號里所給的中文意思補(bǔ)全句子。1) The secretary has _ (為這次會議時間和地點(diǎn)做好了安排)the meeting2) The flower shop provided flowers and saw to _. (這花店提供花卉并保證為他們的典禮作好布置。) 3) The doctors had _(為外科手術(shù)做好了準(zhǔn)備) before the patient was carried inKeys: 1) made the arrangement of a time and place for 2) their arrangement for the ceremony3)made arrangements for surgery5. donate vt.捐贈.重點(diǎn)用法 donation nC捐贈物；nU捐贈，贈送donator n捐贈者donate sth(to sbsth)捐贈，贈送(錢、物等)make a donation(donations)l提示：donate雖然是及物動詞，常與介詞to搭配，但位于直接賓語前的介詞to不能省略。類似用法的詞語還有：introduce sbto sb；explain sthto sb等。典例 1) All the teachers and schoolmates donate blood to the nation annually全校師生每年都向國家獻(xiàn)血。2) Would you like to make a donation to our charity appeal? 你愿意響應(yīng)我們慈善團(tuán)體呼吁來捐物嗎?3) Donation is the act of giving to a fund or cause捐贈是對某一基金或事業(yè)的贈送行為。練習(xí)用donate的相關(guān)介詞或正確形式填空。1)The Hope Project_ which everyone at work donates a days pay is significant2)Almost a third of the best seats are set aside for members，who have made_ to the opera3)The activity of charity_ is due at 8 tomorrow morning4)The_ refused his name after_ a large sum of money. (donate)Keys: 1)to 2)donations 3)donation 4)donator; donating6. purchase vt.& n.買；購買; (以某種代價)換得；(經(jīng)過努力)取得，贏得(常與with連用)典例 1) The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house這對新婚夫婦花費(fèi)了一些錢購買新房子里必需的家具。2) The farm was sold at ten years purchase. 這農(nóng)場以相當(dāng)于10年間土地收入的價錢售出。重點(diǎn)用法 made a purchase買件東西leave sbto his purchase讓某人自謀生路live on ones purchase 自謀生計，自找活路purchase freedom with blood以血的代價贏得自由purchase and sale買賣 練習(xí)根據(jù)括號里所給的中文意思補(bǔ)全句子。1) It is _(我前幾天買來的一件東西。).2) You cant_(你不努力什么也不能得到).3) He gave his son some money_ (買課本)Keys: 1)a recent purchase of minewhat I purchased the other day 2)get any purchase without effortspurchase anything if you dont make any effort 3)for the purchase ofto purchase his school books7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài).重點(diǎn)用法 distribute v. vi. 分配; 散布distribute sth. to把某物分配, 發(fā)給.distribute sth. among把某物分配, 發(fā)給.典例 1) At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.目前利潤的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人民。2) Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.超市開業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 幼兒園的老師正在給小朋友們派發(fā)禮物。_2）救援物資的發(fā)放依然在討論中。_Keys: 1) The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the small gifts to the children. 2) The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.8. relevant adj. 有關(guān)的, 相應(yīng)的典例1) More relevant details have been found out.找到了更多有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)2) He refused to say anything not relevant to the present question他拒絕回答和目前的問題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 要了解更多信息，請登陸相關(guān)網(wǎng)站。_2) 你有關(guān)于健康飲食的書嗎？_Keys: 1) For further information, please refer to relevant website. 2) Have you got any book relevant to healthy diet?9. operate v. 操作, 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn), 開動, 起作用典例1) The medicine operated quickly.這藥很快就起作用了。2) He is operating a patient on the head他正在給病人頭部做手術(shù)3) He helped his father with operating a business.他幫他的父親經(jīng)營著一家企業(yè)練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 起初發(fā)動機(jī)工作正常.2) 這家公司在30多個國家開了快餐店。3) 時下許多小孩擅長于操作電腦。Keys: 1) At the beginning, the motor operated smoothly. 2) The company operates fast-food restaurants in over 30 countries. 3) Nowadays many kids are good at operating computers. V 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. be dying for sthto do sth迫切想要；渴望短語歸納be thirsty for sthto do sth渴望典例1) Im dying/thirsty for something to eat.我極想吃點(diǎn)東西。2) She is dying/thirsty to know where you have been。她極想知道你去了哪兒。3) After a long dry season the trees are dying/thirsty for water.經(jīng)過一個漫長的旱季，樹木迫切需要水分。 練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 我姐姐非?？释茉谕馄蠊ぷ?。_2) 我和我的同學(xué)們都迫切想看電影馬達(dá)加斯加 II_Keys: 1) My sister is dying for a chance to work in a foreign enterprise. 2) My classmates and I are dying to see the movie Madagascar II2. the other day 幾天前典例1) I came across my old friend in the street in the other day.我?guī)滋烨霸诮稚吓鲆娨粋€老朋友。2) I heard of the news in the other day, but I dared not tell you.幾天前我就聽說這個消息了，但不敢告訴你。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 前幾天通過的決定已經(jīng)被執(zhí)行了。 _2) 幾天前發(fā)生的車禍讓這對老夫婦依然心有余悸。_keys: 1) The decision passed the other day has been carried out. 2) The traffic accidence happening the other day still frightened the old couple.3. stick out. 伸出,突出，堅持到底短語歸納stick to sth. 堅持(to是介詞)stick with sbsth繼續(xù)支持某人某事提示：stick(stuck，stuck)不規(guī)則動詞典例1) Dont stick your head out of the car window.不要把頭伸到車窗外。2) Stick with me and youll be all right有事你來找我就沒問題了練習(xí)選擇填空1) He wore shoes that looked 30 years old, too small for his feet，with holes all over them，his toes_ out Astuck Bcame Cwent Drushed 2) Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _ his opinion.A. stuck at B. stuck to C. stood for D. stuck outKeys: 1) A 【解析】考察短語記憶 B “出來；長出; 出現(xiàn)” C “出去; 熄滅” D “沖出去“2) B【解析】 對固定短語的記憶和句意的理解是解題的關(guān)鍵。A“不斷地認(rèn)真做了顧慮、猶豫（指壞事）；C“主張，容忍，代表，象征”。4. in need. 在困難中；在危急中.短語歸納in need/want of需要the need for sth.對的需要at ones need在某人困難時satisfy/meet ones needs滿足某人的需要典例1) After the lack of water for a long tie, crops are in great need of water; 長時間缺水后, 莊稼急需要水.2) As we all know, everyone in the world has a need for affection.我們大家都知道,每個人都有對感情的需要練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 無論孩子們提出什么要求，家長們總是設(shè)法滿足他們的需要。_2) 勤奮工作是成功的需要。_Keys: 1) No matter what requirements are raised by children, the parents would manage to satisfy their needs.2) Hard work is the need for success.VI 重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back totheir villages after Year 8 anyway. 有時候，我真想知道化學(xué)對這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中大多數(shù)學(xué)完八年級以后就回到他們的村莊去了。解釋名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+which/whom引導(dǎo)定語從句典例1) She has two sons, both of whom are serving in the army.她有兩個兒子，都在部隊服役。2) Today my mother bought several shirts, one of which is for me.今天媽媽買了幾件襯衣，其中一件是給我的。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他有許多朋友，但沒一個能幫他解決問題。_2) 他向震區(qū)孩子捐贈了許多衣物，其中有些是全新的。_Keys: 1) He has many friends, none of whom can help him out of problems. 2)He donated many clothes to the children in earthquake area, many of which are completely new.2. You asked whether Im getting to know any local people.你問我是否了解當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩?。解釋get to+喜好/認(rèn)識，表示漸變的過程。典例1) I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.隨著年齡的增長，我逐漸意識到幸福生活的重要性。2) I got to like the flat we were going to move in.我逐漸地喜歡上我們即將搬進(jìn)去的公寓。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他漸漸地知道了為什么他奶奶那么小心地保存這張相片的原因。_2) 莎莉逐漸意識到她母親為她做的一切。_Keys: 1) He got to know why his granny kept the photo so carefully. 2) Sally got to realize what her mother did for her.二、課文要點(diǎn)1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：Jo worked at a bush school 1 classroom were made from bamboo and grass. Theres no electricity or water there. It 2 the students about two hours 3 (get) to the school. Jo hoped to make some difference to the Childrens lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombes home. When they arrived 4 the village, Tombes mother who 5 (work) in the garden , started crying “ieee ieee”. Tombes father led them to his house, 6 low bamboo hut with grass 7 (突出) out of the roof, 8 he could only see a few tin plates and cups and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 9 (新近地) made platform. They left the village the next morning 10 many goodbyes and shaking of hands. 答案：1. whose2. took3. to get4. at5. had been working6. a7. sticking8. what9. newly10. after2課文大意概括 （旨在訓(xùn)練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用30個單詞概括課文大意，再比較答案故事講述了Rosemary作為一名志愿教師在一個遙遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)工作的經(jīng)歷，并且詳細(xì)地描述了他第一次到Tombe家探訪的故事。 The passage tells us abou_答案：The passage tells us about Rosemarys experience as a volunteer teacher in a poor remote area and also gives us a description of her unforgettable first visit to Tombes family. 3課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養(yǎng)對難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）1.【原句】The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere. 有一天，我正在給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)實(shí)驗的演示，我還沒明白怎么回事，混合劑就到處冒氣泡了。模仿要點(diǎn) 句子結(jié)構(gòu): when + 時間狀語從句+before +時間狀語從句【模仿1】陳凱歌，電影梅蘭芳的導(dǎo)演，正在為