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動(dòng)詞用法,英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法篇一:英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之動(dòng)詞 1 系動(dòng)詞 系動(dòng)詞亦稱(chēng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞(Link Verb),作為系動(dòng)詞,它本身有詞義,但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ),后邊必須跟 表語(yǔ)(亦稱(chēng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)),構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。說(shuō)明:有些系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí),有詞義,可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。例如: He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(fell是系動(dòng)詞,后跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情況。) He fell off the ladder. 他從梯子上摔下來(lái)。fell是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。 1)狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài),只有be一詞。例如: He is a teacher. 他是一名教師。(is與補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份。) 2)持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如: He always kept silent at meeting. 他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個(gè)謎。 3)表像系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示看起來(lái)像這一概念,主要有seem, appear, look。例如: He looks tired. 他看起來(lái)很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來(lái)很傷心。 4)感官系動(dòng)詞 感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。 例如: This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布手感很軟。 This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來(lái)很香。 5)變化系動(dòng)詞 這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣,變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如: He became mad after that. 自那之后,他瘋了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她沒(méi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就富了。 6)終止系動(dòng)詞 表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作,主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)證實(shí),變成之意。例如: The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實(shí)有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查證實(shí)很難。 His plan turned out a success. 他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。(turn out表終止性結(jié)果) 5.2 助動(dòng)詞 1)協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的詞叫助動(dòng)詞。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)作主要?jiǎng)釉~。助動(dòng)詞自身沒(méi)有詞義,不可單獨(dú)使用。例如: He doesnt like English. 他不喜歡英語(yǔ)。 (doesnt是助動(dòng)詞,無(wú)詞義;like是主要?jiǎng)釉~,有詞義) 2) 助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用,可以用來(lái): a. 表示時(shí)態(tài)。例如: He is singing. 他在唱歌。 He has got married. 他已結(jié)婚。 b. 表示語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如: He was sent to England. 他被派往英國(guó)。 c. 構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。例如: Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎? Did you study English before you came here? 你來(lái)這兒之前學(xué)過(guò)英語(yǔ)嗎? d. 與否定副詞not合用,構(gòu)成否定句。例如: I dont like him. 我不喜歡他。 e. 加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。例如: Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。 He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。 3) 最常用的助動(dòng)詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。 5.3 助動(dòng)詞be的用法 1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞,構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如: They are having a meeting. 他們正在開(kāi)會(huì)。 English is becoming more and more important. 英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越重要。 2) be + 過(guò)去分詞,構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如: The window was broken by Tom. 窗戶是湯姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英語(yǔ)。 3) be + 動(dòng)詞不定式,可表示下列內(nèi)容: a. 表示最近、未來(lái)的計(jì)劃或安排。例如: He is to go to New York next week. 他下周要去紐約。 We are to teach the freshmen. 我們要教新生。 說(shuō)明: 這種用法也可以說(shuō)成是一種將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法。 b. 表示命令。例如: You are to explain this. 對(duì)此你要做出解釋。 He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午來(lái)辦公室。 c. 征求意見(jiàn)。例如: How am I to answer him? 我該怎樣答復(fù)他? Who is to go there? 誰(shuí)該去那兒呢? d. 表示相約、商定。例如: We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我們明天早晨7點(diǎn)在校門(mén)口集合。 5.4 助動(dòng)詞have的用法 1)have +過(guò)去分詞,構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。例如: He has left for London. 他已去了倫敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未為止,他們已經(jīng)完成工作的一半。 2)have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞,構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如: I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ),已達(dá)十年之久。 3)have +been +過(guò)去分詞,構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如: English has been taught in China for many years. 中國(guó)教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)多年。 5.5 助動(dòng)詞do 的用法 1)構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。例如: Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通過(guò)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試嗎? Did you study German? 你們學(xué)過(guò)德語(yǔ)嗎? 2)do + not 構(gòu)成否定句。例如: I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批評(píng)。 He doesnt like to study. 他不想學(xué)習(xí)。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 過(guò)去,好多學(xué)生不知道英語(yǔ)的重要性。 3) 構(gòu)成否定祈使句。例如: Dont go there. 不要去那里。 Dont be so absent-minded. 不要這么心不在焉。 說(shuō)明: 構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。 4)放在動(dòng)詞原形前,加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。例如: Do come to my birthday party. 一定來(lái)參加我的生日宴會(huì)。 I did go there. 我確實(shí)去那兒了。 I do miss you. 我確實(shí)想你。 5)用于倒裝句。例如: Never did I hear of such a thing. 我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的事情。 Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 進(jìn)了大學(xué)以后,我們才認(rèn)識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。 說(shuō)明: 引導(dǎo)此類(lèi)倒裝句的副詞有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。 6)用作代動(dòng)詞。例如: - Do you like Beijing? -你喜歡北京嗎? - Yes, I do. -是的,喜歡。(do用作代動(dòng)詞,代替like Beijing.) He knows how to drive a car, doesnt he? 他知道如何開(kāi)車(chē),對(duì)吧? 5.6 助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法 shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。例如: I shall study harder at English. 我將更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。 說(shuō)明:在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)法中,語(yǔ)法學(xué)家說(shuō)shall用于第一人稱(chēng),will 只用于第二、第三人稱(chēng)。現(xiàn)在,尤其是在口語(yǔ)中,will常用于第一人稱(chēng),但shall只用于第一人稱(chēng),如用于第二、第三人稱(chēng),就失去助動(dòng)詞的意義, 已變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞,試比較: He shall come. 他必須來(lái)。(shall有命令的意味。) He will come. 他要來(lái)。(will只與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。) 5.7 助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法 1)should無(wú)詞義,只是shall的過(guò)去形式,與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),只用于第一人稱(chēng)。例如: I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天給他打電話,問(wèn)他我下周干什么。 比較:What shall I do next week? I asked. 我下周干什么?我問(wèn)道。 可以說(shuō),shall變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),變成了should。 2) would也無(wú)詞義,是will的過(guò)去形式,與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),用于第二、第三人稱(chēng)。例如: He said he would come. 他說(shuō)他要來(lái)。 比較:I will go, he said. 他說(shuō):我要去那兒。變成間接引語(yǔ),就成了He said he would come。原來(lái)的will變成would,go變成了come.。 5.8 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞加小品構(gòu)成的起動(dòng)詞作用的短語(yǔ)叫短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。例如: Turn off the radio. 把收音機(jī)關(guān)上。(turn off是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞) 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成基本有下列幾種: 1)動(dòng)詞+副詞,如:black out; 2)動(dòng)詞+介詞,如:look into; 3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞,如:look forward to。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的副詞和介詞都統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為小品詞。 5.9 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三種形式:不定式, 動(dòng)名詞,和分詞(分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)。 否定形式: not +不定式, not + 動(dòng)名詞, not + 現(xiàn)在分詞 助動(dòng)詞練習(xí) 1. 1.If it is fine tomorrow, we a football match. a. have b. will have c. has d. shall has 2. 2.When he was at school, he early and take a walk before breakfast. a. will riseb. shall riseb. should rise would rise 3. 3.In the past 30 years China great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction. a. has madeb. have madec. had maded. having made 4. 4.I go to bed until I finished my work. a. dont/hadb. didnt/have c. didnt/had d. dont/have 5. 5. you think he back by dinner time? a. Do/have comeb. Did/will have come c. Does/will come d. Do/will have come 6. 6.He said that he dropped his bag when he for the bus. a. was runingb. was runningc. were runningd. is running 7. 7.No sooner he arrived home than he to start on another journey. a. has/was askedb. have/were askedc. had/is askedd. had/was asked 8. 8.“ you give me a room for the night?” I asked on arriving at the hotel. a. Shouldb. Canc. Mightd. May 9. 9.There are nine of them, so get into the car at the same time. a. they may not at all b. all they may notc. they cant all d. all they cant 10.10.“We didnt see him at the lecture yesterday.” “He it.” a. mustnt attendb. cannot have attended c. would have not attendedd. neednt have attended 11. 11.“You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, dont you?” “No, officer. I . This car cant do more than 80.” a. didnt need to beb. may not have beenc. couldnt have been d. neednt have been 12. 12.he was a good runner so he escape from the police. a. mightb. succeeded toc. would d. was able to 13. 13.If they , our plan will fall flat. a. are co-operating b. had not co-operated c. wont co-operate d. didnt co-operate 14. 14.I hoped my letter. a. her to answer b. that she would answer c. that she answersd. her answering 15. 15.He live in the country than in the city. a. prefers b. likes toc. had better d. would rather 16. 16. to see a film with us today? a. Did you likeb. Would you likec. Will you liked. Have you liked 17. 17.Im sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply what I did. a. must dob. had to doc. ought to have done d. have to do 18. 18.“Time is running out,?” a. a. hadnt we better got start b. hadnt we better get start b. b.hadnt we better get started d. hadnt we better not started 19. 19.No one that to his face. a. dares sayb. dares saying c. dare say d. dare to say 20. 20.The students in the classroom not to make so much noise. a. needb. ought c. must d. dare 21. 21.You last week if you were really serious about your work. a. ought to comeb. ought to be comingc. ought have come d. ought to have come 22. 22.The elephants ought hours ago by the keepers. a. to be fedb. to feed c. to being fed d. to have been fed 23. 23.“I wonder why theyre late.” “They the train.” a. can have missedb. could missc. may have missed d. might miss 24. 24.“Tom graduated from college at a very young age.” “He have been an outstanding student.” a. a. mustb. couldc. shouldd. might 25. 25.You the examination again since you had already passed it. a. neednt have taken b. didnt need to takec. neednt taked. mustnt take 26. 26.He is really incompetent! The letter yesterday. a. a. should be finished typing b. must be finished typing b. b.must have finished typing c. should have been finished typing 27. 27.The boy told his father that he would rather an astronaut. a. become b. to become c. becoming d. became 28. 28.When we reached the station, the train had still not arrived; so we . a. a. needed not to hurryb. neednt have hurried b. b.need not to have hurried d. didnt need to hurry 29. 29.Since your roommate is visiting her family this weekend, you like to have dinner with us tonight? a. willb. wontc. wouldnt d. do 30. 30.He was afraid what he had done a disastrous effect on his career. a. might have b. could be c. have beend. shall be 31. 31.He hardly say anything more, since you know about it. a. dont need to b. neednt c. needs d. need 32. 32.You the look on his face when he won the prize. a. would have seenb. should have seenc. must see d. can be seeing 33. 33.Some people think the stock market will crash, but . a. a. I wonder if it happens b. I doubt if it will happen c.I am afraid it wouldnt happend. I doubt if it does happen 34. 34.“Whatever has happened to George?”“I dont know. He lost.” a. can have gotb. may have gotc. might getd. could get 35. 35.He has no idea what the book is about. He read the book. a. couldntb. couldnt have c. mightnt have d. shouldnt have 36. 36.New studies show that two of Saturns rings longer than the 4.5 billion years since the birth of the Solar System. a. could have lasted b. should have lastedc. would have lastedd. must be lasting 37. 37.Take the telescope with you in case you it in your expedition. a. will needb. would need c. should need d. could need 38. 38.Need he come at once? Yes, he . a. must b. must not c. need d. may 39. 39.Please answer the phone. It be by your father. If it is, would you tell that I want to see him? a. will b. should c. would d. could 40. 40.Well never give in whatever they say or do. a. may b. will c. shall d. should 41. 41.With all this work on hand, he to the cinema last night. a. mustnt go b. wouldnt go c. oughtnt go d. shouldnt have gone 42. 42.Everyone the cake because there wasnt even a small piece left. a. must likeb. must have liked c. must have been liking d. had liked 43. 43.I wish to recollect where I met her, ? a. a. would I b. may I c. may not I d. can I 44. 44.I think he will dare the risk. a. not/ .b. do/not c. ./not d. dont/. 45. 45.If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it be active. a. may notb. must c. might d. is not 46. 46.You your seats today if you want to go to the game. a. a. had better to reserveb. had better reserve c. had to better reserved. had to reserve better 47. 47.I the operation unless it is absolutely necessary. a. a. would rather not haveb. would not rather had b. b.rather would not have d. rather not would have 48. 48.Many scientists their own eyes and ears than the theories of the ancients. a. a. would rather to believe b. would rather believe c.rather would believed. will rather believe 49. 49.To travel from England to Scotland you a passport. a. havent gotb. mustnt have c. neednt d. dont need 50. 50.One of the statements to be untrue. a. is turned out b. has turned out c. have been turned out d. have turned out 51. 51.I dont know whether it will rain or not, but if it rain, I shall stay at home. a. willb. did c. does d. shall 52. 52.“Youd like some tea,?” a. wouldnt you b. shouldnt youc. hadnt you d. didnt you 53. 53.“May we take the books out?” a. No, you may not b. No, you can notc. No, you cantd. Please dont 54. 54.“I would have come sooner, but I that you were waiting.” a. didnt knowb. hasnt knownc. hadnt know d. havent known 55. 55.If you dont want to, you to get there with us. a. mustntb. cantc. dont haved. have not 56. 56.I would go to visit them but I think they are anxious to see me. a. havent b. dontc. doesnt d. didnt 篇二:超級(jí)簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法口訣 Pre 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法口訣 1. have/has 的用法 have/has 表?yè)碛?,你有我有大家有;兩種形式有不同,男他女她動(dòng)物它,張三李四單個(gè)他,has 與之緊相伴;其他形式都跟 have。簡(jiǎn)單規(guī)則記心上,記心上。 2. Be 動(dòng)詞的用法 我用am,你用are,is連接他,她,它。 單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are變疑問(wèn),往前提,句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。 變否定更容易,be后not莫忘記。疑問(wèn)否定任你變,句首大寫(xiě)莫遲疑。 3. 疑問(wèn)詞的用法 疑問(wèn)詞放句首,what 什么;where 哪里;when 問(wèn)時(shí)間;how 怎樣;要問(wèn)原因?yàn)槭裁?,why 放句首就可以;疑問(wèn)句有點(diǎn)難,勤做筆記多思考,遇問(wèn)題別著急,先思考來(lái)后提問(wèn)。 4. 人稱(chēng)代詞的用法 I 是我;you 是你;he,she ,it 他她它;I 的復(fù)數(shù)是個(gè) we;you 的復(fù)數(shù)還是 you;男他女她動(dòng)物它,張三李四單個(gè)他,他們的復(fù)數(shù)都是 they;簡(jiǎn)單口訣要牢記,要牢記。 5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法 主語(yǔ)在句首,am, is, are跟在后,現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走,其他成分不可丟。 表示動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行,句中now時(shí)間定。一般問(wèn)句,把be提到句前去。 否定句式也簡(jiǎn)單,be后只把not添。 6、特殊疑問(wèn)句用法 What用途廣,要問(wèn)“什么”它當(dāng)先。(Whats this?) How開(kāi)頭來(lái)“問(wèn)安”。(How are you?) Who問(wèn)“誰(shuí)”。(Whos that man?) “誰(shuí)的”Whose來(lái)承擔(dān)。(Whose eraser is this?) 詢問(wèn)“某地”用Where。(Where is her cat?) “哪一個(gè)”Which句首站。(Which one?) 7、動(dòng)詞加-s或-es方法歌訣 動(dòng)詞三單現(xiàn)在式,一般詞尾加-s。s, x, ch, sh在詞尾,直接加上-es。 詞尾若是字母o,加上-es不用愁?!拜o音字母+y“來(lái)結(jié)尾,變y為i是正規(guī)。-es后邊緊跟隨,studystudies看明白。 8、“be going to”的用法口訣 be going to, 表打算,準(zhǔn)備、計(jì)劃將要干。 表可能,有必然,通過(guò)現(xiàn)象來(lái)推斷。 使用它,要注意,疑問(wèn)形式be提前。 否定句,更簡(jiǎn)單,not放在be后邊。 to之后,動(dòng)原形,be的形式看人稱(chēng)。 下列詞,要注意,come 、go和離去(leave) 進(jìn)行時(shí),表將來(lái),牢牢記住莫忘記。 9、祈使句用法 祈使句,祈使句,請(qǐng)求、命令或建議。 主語(yǔ)是you常省去,動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭記。 否定形式要注意,句首要把Dont加。 要講客氣用please,句首句末沒(méi)關(guān)系。 10、過(guò)去式之歌 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過(guò)去加-ed,少量不規(guī)則分別記, Am、is對(duì)was,二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)are變were, Have、has用had,do和does變did。 11、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式構(gòu)成方法口訣 過(guò)去式構(gòu)成有方法,一般詞尾把-ed加。 如果詞尾有個(gè)e,直接加d就可以。 “輔音字母+y”在詞尾,變y為i加ed。 “一輔重閉”作尾巴,雙寫(xiě)之后-ed加。 12、have/has的用法口訣 動(dòng)詞have表示“有”,位置就在主語(yǔ)后。 “三單”主語(yǔ)用has,其他人稱(chēng)用have。 13、There be句型用法口訣 There be句型有特點(diǎn),主語(yǔ)放在be后邊。 主語(yǔ)單數(shù)用is,復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)要用are。 變否定,很簡(jiǎn)單,be后要把not添。 變問(wèn)句也不難,把be提到there前。 肯定句中用some,否定/疑問(wèn)要用any換。 14、人稱(chēng)代詞用法歌 人稱(chēng)代詞分兩格,主格賓格來(lái)分說(shuō)。 主格用來(lái)作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)用的是賓格。 人稱(chēng)代詞都有數(shù),單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)莫用誤。 15、人稱(chēng)代詞主格趣記歌 我是I,你是you。還有三個(gè)不用整。 另用he,也用she,it指物要明白。 以上說(shuō)的是單數(shù),還有we, you加上they。 16、變一般疑問(wèn)句口訣 (一)can 、be、do、does在前 (二)第一(人稱(chēng))變第二(人稱(chēng)) (三)末尾用問(wèn)號(hào),語(yǔ)調(diào)用升調(diào) (四)有some變any 17、否定句口訣之一 (一) can、be、do、does后面not添 (二) 有some變any 18、人稱(chēng)代詞主格賓格之歌 I 是主格 me 是賓,請(qǐng)你一定記在心;主格用在動(dòng)詞前,動(dòng)詞介詞后用賓。 you 是主格,也是賓,; he 是主格 him 是賓, she 是主格 her 是賓, it 是主格,也是賓, we 是主格 us 是賓, you 是主格,也是賓, they 是主格 them 是賓, 篇三:英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法口訣大全 巧記英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法口訣 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法不容易記,但借助語(yǔ)法口訣,卻可起到事半功倍的效果。 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的敘述,講究科學(xué)性,追求嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。故而中學(xué)生看起來(lái),不免有些枯燥,看不下去。為此,全國(guó)各地的師生們編寫(xiě)了不少英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法口訣,以幫助記憶。收集起來(lái),大致有20余首。 英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)順口溜 動(dòng)詞為綱“滾雪球” 難易編組 抓循環(huán)同類(lèi)歸納印象深 圖示介詞最直觀混淆多因形音義 反義詞語(yǔ)成對(duì)念 目1、英語(yǔ)字母記憶歌謠 2、英語(yǔ)的詞類(lèi) 3、語(yǔ)序歌 4、肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句 5、肯定句變否定句 6、名詞的所有格 7、名詞變復(fù)數(shù) 8、時(shí)間名詞前所有介詞的速記 9、介詞用法歌 10、介詞順口溜 11、be的用法歌 12、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 13、動(dòng)詞形式的變化 14、動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to的動(dòng)詞 15、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 16、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的一些常用特殊謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 些常用特殊謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 17、其他非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 18、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞(之一) 1、英語(yǔ)字母記憶歌謠 像小人中間立,寶塔尖尖頂破天 像兄弟葫蘆娃,一根棍兒靠耳邊 像魚(yú)鉤彎又彎,一筆下來(lái)畫(huà)半圈 像半張香香餅,一刀切下剩半邊 像山川橫著走,豎折在見(jiàn)橫在后 像一面小紅旗,先豎后折有秩序 像魚(yú)兒咬上鉤,上添個(gè)小尾巴 像把登天梯,左豎右豎中間連 像線軸把布織,從上至下有順序 像傘把兒雨中立,一豎彎到左邊去 構(gòu)詞方法不可忘 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)集中練詞不離句法最好 課外閱讀莫間斷 錄 19、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞(之二) 20、There be的位置和用法 21、be going的用法 22、have+got 23、以or結(jié)尾的詞 24、以f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù) 25、只能接-ing分詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞: 26、定冠詞用法小結(jié)口訣: 27、倒裝口訣: 28、省略口訣: 29、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)變化: 30、英語(yǔ)分?jǐn)?shù)巧記 31、巧記lie和lay 32、巧記以-o結(jié)尾加-es的詞 33、巧記48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo) 34、動(dòng)名詞在句中的功能及其它 35、分詞做定語(yǔ)的位置及其它 36、分詞做狀語(yǔ)在句子中所表示的意義37、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 38、英語(yǔ)四種時(shí)態(tài)心訣 像椅子坐上去,墻上板兒飛雙鏢 像筆燈下照兒,豎折一筆最容易 像駱駝背雙峰,兩筆寫(xiě)完不用多 像門(mén)兒屋上建,前豎頭連后豎尾 像鴨蛋圓又圓,從左至右畫(huà)一圈 像氣球空中飄,直線上面綁圓圈 像蝌蚪水中游,雞蛋上面長(zhǎng)個(gè)把兒 像小孩捉迷藏,一豎半圈加一點(diǎn)兒 像一條小蚯蚓,從右起筆拐兩彎 像錘子咚咚敲,先豎后折立的穩(wěn) 像杯子盛滿水,小嘴一張便是它 1 像花瓶插滿花,倒看小門(mén)就是它 像鋸利無(wú)比,是它好姐妹 像義字少一點(diǎn),它和錯(cuò)號(hào)一個(gè)樣 像彈弓射獵物,一根棍兒分兩杈 像彈簧彈得高,把放倒就是它 以上字母斜著寫(xiě),大寫(xiě)要比小寫(xiě)高 2、英語(yǔ)的詞類(lèi) 句子要由詞組成, 英語(yǔ)詞類(lèi)有十種: 句中成分用實(shí)詞, 名、代、動(dòng)、副、數(shù)、形容: 冠、介、連詞和感嘆, 虛詞附加或溝通。 詞類(lèi)功能掌握了, 造句之時(shí)好運(yùn)用。 3、語(yǔ)序歌 主、謂、賓、表同漢語(yǔ), 定語(yǔ)有同也有異。 狀語(yǔ)位置更特殊, 不能全和漢語(yǔ)比。 4、肯定句變一般疑問(wèn)句 have和be提句首,(句子中有have got或has got的要把have或has提句首,有系動(dòng)詞) 其它助詞Do開(kāi)頭。 時(shí)間、人稱(chēng)由do變, 動(dòng)詞只把原形留。 謂語(yǔ)助詞有幾個(gè), 第一助詞提句首。 5、肯定句變否定句 否定詞語(yǔ)加not, 放在be和have后。 其它要加動(dòng)詞do, do的后面加not, 時(shí)間、人稱(chēng)由do變, 動(dòng)詞原形總保留。 謂語(yǔ)若是助詞多, not緊跟第一個(gè)。 6、名詞的所有格 名詞只變數(shù), 不分主賓格。 人和動(dòng)物類(lèi), 可變所有格。 撇()后加s, 相當(dāng)漢語(yǔ)“的”。 時(shí)間、距離等, 也變所有格。 7、名詞變復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)式, 加上“s”統(tǒng)言之。 下列結(jié)尾名詞后, 要加“s”先加“e”: 發(fā)音和, 或是輔音加“o”時(shí)。 有些名詞變復(fù)數(shù), 詞尾變化要注意: “y”前字母是輔音, 一律變“y”為“ie”; 遇到“f / fe”, 有時(shí)需要變“ve” 少數(shù)名詞不規(guī)則, 特別情況靠硬記。 8、時(shí)間名詞前所有介詞的速記 年月周前要用 in, 日子前面卻不行。 遇到幾號(hào)要用“on”, 上午下午又是“in”。 要說(shuō)某日上下午, 用 on 換 in 才能行。 午夜黃昏用 at, 黎明用它也不錯(cuò)。 at 也在時(shí)分前, 說(shuō)“差”用 to, 說(shuō)“過(guò)”要用 past。 9、介詞用法歌 介詞加賓語(yǔ), 才能有實(shí)意。 表、定、狀、賓、補(bǔ), 詞組在句里。 10、介詞順口溜 in 在?里, out 在?外, 在旁邊的是 beside, 靠近的為 by。 on 在?上, under 在?下, above 在上頭, below 在底下。 2 11、be的用法歌 (一) 動(dòng)詞be,變化大, “I”用“am”“You”用“are” Is用于它(it)、他(he)、她(she) 復(fù)數(shù)一定要用“are”, 切莫用錯(cuò)鬧笑話。 (二) 我用am,你用are,is連著他,她,它; 單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。 變疑問(wèn),往前提,句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。 變否定,更容易,be后not莫忘記。 疑問(wèn)否定任你變,句首大寫(xiě)莫遲疑。 12、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 四種時(shí)間各四式, 聯(lián)想對(duì)比便于記。 時(shí)間現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去, 各自還有將來(lái)時(shí)。 一般、完成、進(jìn)行式, 完成進(jìn)行是四式。 四四共有十六種, 看來(lái)復(fù)雜掌握易; 除去
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