小升初英語閱讀理解解題方法

2012小升初英語閱讀理解解題方法 在小升初英語考試中，閱讀理解是考試中分值比重較大也是必考的一道題目。閱讀理解是英語中詞匯、句式、語法的綜合運用，是一個比較綜合的題目，對所掌握的英語技能的程度要求比較高。所以在同學們平時的學習中，既要重視對英語基礎知識的掌握，又要養(yǎng)成閱讀的好習慣，加強練習。下面是英語閱讀理解的解題方法及例題講解，大家可以看下。1、當你拿到一篇短文時，先要通讀全文。切記不要一上來就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，這樣做會影響你對整篇文章的理解和認識。在通讀文章的時候如果遇上生詞，先不要管它，略過生詞繼續(xù)通讀全文。2、讀完第一遍，再從頭閱讀。這一遍要注意句式和語法，了解文章內容，特別是事件發(fā)生的時間，同時來猜測一下生詞的含義。3、在你讀第三遍的時候，要關注文章中提到的人物、時間、地點、發(fā)生了什么事等信息。這樣你就可以完全了解文章一般說來，在練習、考試中完成閱讀理解的題目和去閱讀一篇文章是有區(qū)別的。在練習、考試中閱讀一篇文章更多的是為了完成各種題目，而并非要真正對一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上會有一些不同。1、首先要關注文章的題目，因為題目往往就是文章的中心所在。2、其次在認讀整篇文章后，要關注文章中出現(xiàn)了哪些人物，提到了什么時間，說到了哪個地點，發(fā)生了什么事情，這些都是你完成題目的關鍵信息。3、第三要看清題目的形式，通常會有3種類型：(1)選擇題;(2)判斷題;(3)回答問題。在這三種形式中，相對而言，判斷題的難度最小，回答問題的難度比較大。完成判斷題的選擇題最為有效的方法，也是同學們使用最多的方法是用題目中的句子去和文章里的原句對照，通過對照進行判斷或選擇。在完成回答問題的題目時，先要讀懂問句的意思，再從文章中找出相應的內容，在對問題進行筆答時，要注意句式、人稱與動詞的形式、時態(tài)等。(一) 根據(jù)短文內容判斷正(T)誤(F)此類題目要求快速瀏覽所給圖片和文字，初步把握內容，了解大意;然后細讀，抓住主要內容和細節(jié)，標出關鍵詞語，以便驗證;也可以先瀏覽題目，明確要求后再看文章，然后做出判斷。這樣不但節(jié)省時間，提高速度，而且可以抓住重點，做到有的放矢。1. 閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內容選擇正確答案，My ClassI study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou. I have fortyseven classmates (同學). Twentythree are boys and twentyfour are girls. Our classroom is a nice one. Its very big. There are four windows and two doors in it. We have a big blackboard and a small one. The big one is for our teachers and the small one is for us. Mr. Li is our Chinese teacher. He is an old man. We dont like him at all. But Miss Chen, our English teacher, is a young woman. She is very nice. We all like her very much. So we like English the best. We often play basketball with Miss Li.(1). ( ) I am a . A. student B. pupil C. teacher(2). ( ) There are . A. Fortyeight B. fortyseven C. fortysix(3). ( ) Our classroom is . A. small B. old C. nice(4). ( ) There is only one in our classroom.A. blackboard B. small blackboard C. big window(5). ( ) Our favorite subject is .A. Chinese B. English C. basketball2. Kim is a girl. She is twelve. Her parents are doctors. Kim can do many things. After school, she often helps her mother. She studies very hard. She is good at math, and she can speak English and Chinese. After supper, she watches TV.( ) 1. Kims father is a doctor.( ) 2. Kims mother is a nurse.( ) 3. Kim cant do any thing.( ) 4. Kim cant speak Chinese.( ) 5. She doesnt watch TV.( ) 6. She is good at math.3、閱讀文章，并判斷所給的句子是否與短文的內容相符，如相符，在括號內寫“T”，如不符，在括號內寫“F”。There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in black is Tom. The girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma.Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Toms mother is a nurse and his father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future.Janes mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Janes father is a teacher. He teaches math very well. He is very kind and we all like him.Emmas family just moved into the town from countryside. Her farther used to be a farmer. He is now working in a small company. Emmas mother is a housewife.( ) (1) There are one boy and two girls under the tree.( ) (2) There are only two people in Toms family.( ) (3) Toms mother is a doctor.( ) (4) My mother is a worker.( ) (5) Janes father teaches math.( ) (6) Emma used to live in the town.( ) (7) Emmas father was a farmer.(二)根據(jù)短文內容選擇正確答案。注重理解整篇短文的內容，在閱讀時不要抓住一個單詞，一個詞組的意思不放，從而影響對整篇文章的理解。其實有些生詞是不影響閱讀的，而有些生詞是可以根據(jù)上下文的意思推敲出來的。因此，不必把它拿出來單獨思考。然后再在理解的基礎上進行分析，通過邏輯思維，做出選擇，完成題目。1. I am a boy. My name is Li Ming. I am ten. I am a pupil. I have two friends. One is Danny. The other one is Jenny. Jenny is pupil, too. We are in the same row. We like Danny.( ) (1) How old is Li Ming?A. Hes ten. B: Hes eleven.( ) (2) Is Li Ming a teacher?A: Yes, he is. B: No, he isnt.( ) (3) Is Jenny a pupil?A. Yes, she is. B: No, she isnt.( ) (4) How old is Danny?A. Sorry, I dont know. B: She is eleven.( ) (5) Are Li Ming and Jenny in the same class?A: Yes, they are. B: No, they arent.2. I am Mike. I am a American boy. Now Im in China. I live in Shanghai. Its a very beautiful city. I study in a school here. I usually go to school by bus. I like playing football very much. I play it with my friends on the weekends. My mother is a TV reporter. She goes to work by subway. She likes singing very much. She often listens to music on TV. My father is a teacher. He teaches P.E. in a school. He goes to work on foot. He likes art. He often draws pictures on Saturday.( ) (1) Mike lives in _ now.A. Shanghai B: Beijing C: America( ) (2) Mike is a _ now.A. teacher B. a reporter C. student( ) (3) Mikes hobby is _A. playing football B. listening to music C. painting( ) (4) His father goes to work _A. by subway B. on foot C. by bus3. One day, after school the teacher says to his students: “Tomorrow morning if anyone of you can answer my first questions, he or she can go home early.”The next day, when the teacher comes into the classroom, he finds the blackboard very dirty. He is very angry and asks: ”Who did it? Please stand up!” “Its me.” Says Tom. “ Now , I can go home. Goodbye. Sir!”( ) (1) Tom is the teachers _A. friend B. student C. brother D. son( ) (2) Tom makes _ dirty.A. the desk B. the chair C. the window D. the blackboard( ) (3) the teacher is very angry because_A. Tom can answer his first question B. Tom doesnt stand upC: the blackboard is very dirty D. the classroom is very clean( ) (4) The teacher asks the students to _A. stand up B. sit down C. go homes D. clean the blackboard( ) (5) Which is true?A. It is good for Tom to do it. B. Tom is late for school.C. Tom goes home early every day. D. Tom is a naughty student.4、選擇填空。Mike likes to collect stamps. He started this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last. He has stamps from China, France and Japan. But most of his stamps are from China, because he has lots of friends in China.Mikes stamps are of various shapes triangle, square, rectangle and circle. His favorite shape is circle. Mike puts all his shapes in several albums. To increase his collection, Mike sometimes exchanges stamps with his friends.John is one of his friends, who also like to collect stamps. His stamps are pretty and colorful. John and Mike meet once a week. Each time they meet they will show each other their new collection.(1) Mikes hobby is to A. collect stamps B. make friends C. travelling D. keep albums(2) Most of Mikes stamps are fromA. Japan B. France C. China D. Not mentioned(3) Mike has stamps of different shapes.A. five B. four C. three D. two(4) John is Mikes A. father B. neighbor C. classmate D. friend(5) How often do John and Mike meet?A. four times a week B. three times a week C. twice a week D. once a week(三)根據(jù)短文內容回答問題。此類題目是閱讀理解中相對而言較復雜的題型，它要求我們在理解的基礎上進行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用詞和句子結構，要避免語法錯誤。1. This is RDZ, the working robot. RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村). He helps the family with the housework every day. He cleans the house, washes the clothes and dishes. He knows how to cook well. RDZ doesnt eat normal(普通的) food. He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil. Do Mr. and Mrs. Spacy eat these things? Never.RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacys children with their homework. This year he is teaching them Space language. The children are very clever.The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星). They will come back home in two days. So RDZ has a wonderful time. He wont clean. He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food.(1) Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family?_(2) What does RDZ eat and drink every day?_(3) Is RDZ teaching Mr. and Mrs. Spacys children English? _(4) Does RDZ have a wonderful time?_(5) When will Mr. and Mrs. Spacy be back?_2. My name is Wang Lin. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my little brother and I. my father is a teacher. He likes drawing pictures. He works in a school. He goes to work by bus. My mother is a nurse. She likes listening to music. She works in a hospital. She goes to work by bus. My brother is a student. Hw likes watching TV. He goes to work on foot. I like playing football. I go to school by bike.(1) Who works in a school? _(2) What does Wang Lins mother do? _(3) What does Wang Lin like doing?_(4) Is Wang Lins brother a student?_(5) Does Wang Lins father go to work by bus?_3. Its Monday today. Its twelve oclock now. Jenny and her classmates are having lunch in the classroom. Whats on Jennys desk? There are some apples, bread and some eggs. Oh, they are very delicious.(1) What day is it today?_(2) Whats the time?_(3) Who is having lunch?_(4) Whats on Jennys desk? _(5) Are there any bananas on Jennys desk?_(四)、根據(jù)短文內的漢語提示，補全單詞。根據(jù)漢語提示補全短文，一定要注意文中的時態(tài)、人稱等。填完單詞以后一定要再通讀一遍文章，保證文章通順、合理。The Green (1) (喜歡) going out for a trip on Sunday. This (2) (周日)they want to go to the park. Jack and Mike, their (3) (兒子)get up very early. They put on the same (4) (牛仔褲), the same (5) (鞋). After that they (6) their mother do the housework. They put some bread, meat , (7) (蛋)and some fruit in a basket and (8) (搬) it to the car. Mrs. Green takes four (9) (罐)of coke with her. The little dog is (10) (跑) after her.(五)完形填空。在處理完形填空時，一定要先將文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考慮用單詞的什么形式來填空。1. One day, Mr. Ampere went out (1) a walk in the street. There (2) a lot of people there. But all this was (3) to him. He was thinking (4) a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could he (5) it out?Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him. He began to write the (6) with a piece of chalk on it. Then the blackboard moved (7) . he moved with it. But it moved so (8) that he could not catch up with it. He looked (9) and saw the “blackboard” (10) him.Why? It was the back of a carriage(馬車)!( ) (1) A. to B. by C. for D. with( ) (2) A. were B. are C. is D. was( ) (3) A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything( ) (4) A. on B. off C. about D. hard( ) (5) A. work B. start C, take D. bring( ) (6) A. word B. start C, take D. bring( ) (7) A. few B. little C. a few D. a little( ) (8) A. early B. fast C. s