《固體廢物管理》PPT幻燈片

1、1,上海市固體廢物管理Solid waste management in Shanghai,上海市環(huán)境保護(hù)局 Shanghai Environmental Protection Bureau 張全 Zhang Quan 二OO二年十一月 Nov.2002,2,1、現(xiàn)狀 Status in Shanghai 2、管理體系 Management system 3、下一階段工作 What we shall do,上海市固體廢物管理 Solid waste management in Shanghai,3,1、現(xiàn)狀 工業(yè)固體廢物 Status in Shanghai Industrial Solid

2、Waste,2001年上海市工業(yè)固體廢物產(chǎn)生量為1605萬噸，比2000年增加18.5%。 In the year 2001,16.05 million tons of industrial solid wastes were generated in the whole city, 18.5% higher than that in 2000.,4,1、現(xiàn)狀 工業(yè)固體廢物 Status in Shanghai Industrial Solid Waste,工業(yè)固體廢物的產(chǎn)生主要集中在黑色金屬冶煉及壓延加工業(yè)、電力、蒸汽、熱水的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)業(yè)及化學(xué)纖維制造業(yè)，占總量的80%以上；類別主要為粉煤灰

3、、高爐渣、鋼渣，占總量的65%以上。 Enterprise discharging industrial solid waste, are gathered in the black metals smelting and rolling , electric power, steam and hot water producing and supplying ,chemical textile producing. Above 80% of total. The main category are powder ash,casting slag, casting slag containin

4、g steel, Above 65% of total.,5,2001年上海市工業(yè)固體廢物的綜合利用保持了較高水平，綜合利用率達(dá)96.5%，比2000年增加3.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 The comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid wastes has been maintained high in 2001. The rate of comprehensive utilization reached 96.5%, 3.2 percent higher than that in 2000.,1、現(xiàn)狀 工業(yè)固體廢物 Status in Shan

5、ghai Industrial Solid Waste,6,1、現(xiàn)狀 工業(yè)固體廢物 Status in Shanghai Industrial Solid Waste,7,2001年上海市清運(yùn)生活垃圾526.5萬噸 5.265 million tons of household refuse in the whole city of Shanghai was collected and conveyed in 2001,1、現(xiàn)狀 生活垃圾 Status in Shanghai Household Refuse,8,市區(qū)生活垃圾分類收集地區(qū)覆蓋率達(dá)到30% Garbage sorting hav

6、e covered 30% urban areas in Shanghai 建成小型生活垃圾壓縮收集站125座 125 small-sized garbage compress and collection stations for domestic refuse were set up 基本建成2座1000噸/天焚燒裝置 Two 1,000 tons/day incineration facilities were set up,1、現(xiàn)狀 生活垃圾 Status in Shanghai Household Refuse,9,目前上海市生活垃圾主要處理方式為衛(wèi)生填埋和焚燒。 Mainly,th

7、e treatments of urban household refuse in Shanghai ,are landfill and incineration. 以生活垃圾分類收集為基礎(chǔ)，將推進(jìn)綜合利用。 On the base of the garbage sorting ,we should promote the comprehensive utilization.,1、現(xiàn)狀 生活垃圾 Status in Shanghai Household Refuse,10,上海市危險(xiǎn)廢物產(chǎn)生量約46萬余噸 About 460,000 tons of hazardous wastes were

8、generated in Shanghai,1、現(xiàn)狀 危險(xiǎn)廢物 Status in Shanghai Hazardous waste,11,1、現(xiàn)狀 危險(xiǎn)廢物 Status in Shanghai Hazardous waste,危險(xiǎn)廢物的產(chǎn)生主要集中在黑色金屬冶煉及壓延加工業(yè)、化學(xué)原料及化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)和化學(xué)纖維制造業(yè)，占總量的69.3%；類別主要為廢酸、廢堿、精（蒸餾）殘?jiān)?，占總量?7.3%。 Enterprise discharging hazardous waste, are gathered in metals smelting and rolling , chemistry raw

9、 material and product manufacturing, chemical fiber manufacturing. Above 69.3% of total. The main category are waste acid, waste alkali, residues of rectify or distillation . Above 67.3% of total.,12,工廠自行處理或委托本市、外省市、國外企業(yè)處理 The factories generally disposal by themselves, and, supply or entrust to loc

10、al units , outside enterprises 處理途徑： 綜合利用、焚燒處置、物理化學(xué)處理、安全填埋 Treatment methods: comprehensive utilization, incineration, physical-chemical treatment, secure landfill,1、現(xiàn)狀 危險(xiǎn)廢物 Status in Shanghai Hazardous waste,13,法規(guī)Laws and Regulations 中華人民共和國固體廢物污染防治法 Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Prev

11、ention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste 上海市環(huán)境保護(hù)條例 Shanghai Environmental Protection Regulation 上海市危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治辦法 Shanghai Hazardous Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations 其他專業(yè)法 Others,2、管理體系 法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、政策 Management System Laws, Standards, Policy,14,標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Standards 危險(xiǎn)廢物鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn) The

12、standard for identifying and distinguishing hazardous waste 相關(guān)污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn) The relevant standards of pollution control 其他基礎(chǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Other basic standards 國家危險(xiǎn)廢物名錄 The national catalogues of hazardous wastes,2、管理體系 法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、政策 Management System Laws, Standards, Policy,15,危險(xiǎn)廢物鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)腐蝕性鑒別（GB5085.1-1996） 危險(xiǎn)廢物鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)急性毒性初篩（

13、GB5085.2-1996） 危險(xiǎn)廢物鑒別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)浸出毒性鑒別（GB5085.3-1996） 危險(xiǎn)廢物焚燒污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB18484-2001） 危險(xiǎn)廢物填埋污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB18598-2001） 危險(xiǎn)廢物貯存污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB18597-2001） 一般工業(yè)固體廢物貯存、處置場(chǎng)污染控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB18597-2001） 大氣污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB16297-1996） 工業(yè)企業(yè)廠界噪聲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB12348-90） 鍋爐大氣污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（GB13271-2001） 上海市污水綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（DB31/199-1997） 國家危險(xiǎn)廢物名錄（1998年）,常用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一覽表 Standards lis

14、t,16,技術(shù)政策 Technical policies 城市生活垃圾處理及污染防治技術(shù)政策 The technical policy for treatment and prevention and control of urban house refuse pollution 危險(xiǎn)廢物污染防治技術(shù)政策 The technical policy for prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution,2、管理體系 法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、政策 Management System Laws, Standards, Policy,17,2、管理體系 管

15、理措施 Management System Measures,工業(yè)固體廢物和危險(xiǎn)廢物申報(bào)登記制度 The state institutes a system of report and registration for industrial solid waste and hazardous waste. 產(chǎn)生工業(yè)固體廢物和危險(xiǎn)廢物的單位應(yīng)就產(chǎn)生量、流向、貯存、處置進(jìn)行申報(bào)登記 Units with discharging industrial solid waste and hazardous waste must report and register the information ab

16、out the quantity, flow direction, storage treatment and so on.,18,危險(xiǎn)廢物經(jīng)營許可證 The license for hazardous waste operation 從事危險(xiǎn)廢物經(jīng)營活動(dòng)的單位應(yīng)當(dāng)取得經(jīng)營許可證 The units engaged in operation of hazardous waste must apply to the license,2、管理體系 管理措施 Management System Measures,19,危險(xiǎn)廢物轉(zhuǎn)移聯(lián)單制度 Duplicate forms for transfer o

17、f hazardous waste 轉(zhuǎn)移危險(xiǎn)廢物應(yīng)當(dāng)填寫危險(xiǎn)廢物轉(zhuǎn)移聯(lián)單，遵守國家危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸管理的規(guī)定 Whoever transfers hazardous waste must fill in duplicate forms for transferring hazardous waste, and observe State regulations on the control of hazardous goods transportation,2、管理體系 管理措施 Management System Measures,20,固體廢物跨省市轉(zhuǎn)移的管理 The measure for

18、the transport of solid waste among the provinces 環(huán)保部門對(duì)固體廢物省、自治區(qū)、直轄市之間的轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)行監(jiān)管 The competent department of environmental protection has responsibility for supervision and management of the transport of solid waste among the provinces, autonomous region or direct cities,2、管理體系 管理措施 Management System Me

19、asures,21,危險(xiǎn)廢物越境轉(zhuǎn)移通知 The announcement of the transport from one country to the others 根據(jù)巴塞爾公約危險(xiǎn)廢物越境及處置，應(yīng)事先向進(jìn)口國以書面通知有關(guān)當(dāng)局，取得書面證實(shí)后，方可開始越境轉(zhuǎn)移 According to Basel Convention , the transboundary movements of hazardous waste and disposal must be subject to the permission of the receiving country,2、管理體系 管理措施

20、Management System Measures,22,2、管理體系 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖 Management System Frame,廢物 產(chǎn)生者,排污申報(bào),排污許可證,危險(xiǎn)廢物 轉(zhuǎn)移聯(lián)單,本市廢物處置者,境外廢物處置者,外省市廢物處置者,巴塞爾 公約,上海市 危險(xiǎn)廢物 經(jīng)營許可證,固體廢物 跨省市 登記或許可,廢物 運(yùn)輸,23,危險(xiǎn)廢物利用、處置社會(huì)化服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系,重金屬回收處理,有機(jī)溶劑回收處理,危險(xiǎn)廢物收集,乳化液處理,電鍍污泥處理,鋁灰回收處理,電子 線路板處理,清洗劑處理,安全填埋場(chǎng),有機(jī)廢物焚燒處理,含礦物油污泥回收處理,鉛酸蓄電池處理,廢油回收處理,2、管理體系 危險(xiǎn)廢物處理系統(tǒng)

21、management system the disposal system of hazardous waste,24,上海市危險(xiǎn)廢物安全填埋場(chǎng)鳥瞰圖 Bird-view Shanghai hazardous waste secure landfill,2、管理體系 危險(xiǎn)廢物處理系統(tǒng)management system the disposal system of hazardous waste,25,3、下一階段工作 What we shall do,3.1拓展管理領(lǐng)域 Spread domain of management 3.1.1建立本市醫(yī)療廢物安全處置系統(tǒng) Establish the disposal system for medical waste 3.1.2管理范圍向一般工業(yè)固體廢物拓展 Spread to the general industrial solid waste 3.1.3在解決手機(jī)電池、顯影液、廢電器等城市廢棄物產(chǎn)生的新的環(huán)境課題中，探索新的管理機(jī)制，例如建立制造商回收責(zé)任制度 Research to establish new measures,26,3、下一階段工作 What we shall