遼寧省大連市2019屆高三英語(yǔ)第一次模擬考試試題含解析

1、遼寧省大連市2019屆高三英語(yǔ)第一次模擬考試試題（含解析）第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKnowing what to do at checkout and properly preparing for it can turn a potentially heated situation into a quick thank you and goodbye. Below we made a list of five things you should remember at

2、 hotel checkout.Don,t be late to checkHotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late. If you know you won,t make the cutoff time, it never hurts to call ahead and try to negotiate away a potential charge.Don,t forget to double check the room and safeMake sure you don,t leave

3、things behind. If you have an early flight or checkout time, pack up as much as you can the night before so that last-minute rush isn,t too annoying. Also, be sure to take out anything in the room safe.Don,t forget to tip the housekeepersIt,s always polite to leave some money for the people keeping

4、your room clean.Don,t ignore the detailed billYou may be in a rush, but give the detailed bill a careful look to see if the hotel charge is different from the rate you initially booked.Don,t get angryShouting at the assistant manager standing behind the front desk probably won,t help when dealing wi

5、th an unexpected item on the bill. Think about how difficult it can be to deal with annoyed customers. Keep calm and things may be solved(解決) better and sooner.1. The hotel will charge you more money if you .A. check before cutoff timeB. do not call the hotel aheadC. are late in checking outD. negot

6、iate with the clerks2. Which of the following does the author suggest doing?A. Leaving something behind.B. Being sure to keep the room clean.C. Doing the pack-up as early as possible.D. Tipping the housekeepers to show respect.3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the passage?A. To suggest

7、 a way to solve problems properly.B. To provide more information about the hotel.C. To show the uneasiness of assistant managers.D. To protect customers from unnecessary dangers.4. In which section of the magazine can you probably find such a passage ?A. Travel.B. Nature.C. Lifestyle.D. Fitness.【答案】

8、1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A【解析】本文屬于說(shuō)明文，主要介紹如何順利退房的一些技巧以及退房過(guò)程中需要注意的一些事情?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Hotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late.可知，如果退房遲了半個(gè)小時(shí)，賓館會(huì)收取一筆特別高的費(fèi)用，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Its always polite to leave some money for the people keeping your room clean.可知，給那些幫你打掃房間的人一些小費(fèi)是對(duì)別

9、人的禮貌，故選D?！?題詳解】寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段Keep calm and things may be solved(解決) better and sooner.可知，本段闡述，如果與賓館服務(wù)員產(chǎn)生沖突，應(yīng)該保持冷靜，這樣事情才能更好更快解決，故選A。【4題詳解】文章出處題。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭Below we made a list of five things you should remember at hotel checkout.本文主要介紹如何順利退房的一些技巧，故可知，本文主要涉及旅游方面，故選A。BEmilia Dobek traces her interest in space

10、 and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon-a total lunar eclipse (月蝕)-on the roof of their house.Now a seventh-grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed-Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space s

11、tation for travelling to Mars.She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.“I knew she would lo

12、ve the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.Do

13、beks design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or Self-Crowing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobeks design. A simulation (模擬裝置) al

14、lows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual (虛擬的) reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions.” Dobek said. “Whatever they

15、 want to do they should push for it and always try their best.”5. Dobek first became interested in apace when .A. she was still a seventh-graderB. she studied at a junior high schoolC. she lived on the top of their houseD. she watched an eclipse of the moon6. Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the

16、challenge because .A. she knew Dobek liked challenges in lifeB. she had no other students interested in MarsC. Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronautsD. she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance7. What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?A. The environ

17、ment on Mars.B. The safety of the supplies.C. The activities for astronauts.D. The comfort of the astronauts.【答案】5. D 6. D 7. D【解析】本文屬于新聞，介紹一個(gè)中學(xué)生從小對(duì)太空和宇宙感興趣，在老師的鼓勵(lì)下，設(shè)計(jì)了幫助宇航員去火星的一些科學(xué)設(shè)備?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Emilia Dubcek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her fa

18、ther watched a blood moon - a total lunar eclipse(月蝕)- on the roof of their house.可知，Emilia Dubcek對(duì)太空和宇宙感興趣是在三年級(jí)，與父親在屋頂一次看月食的時(shí)候，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密

19、度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”可知，老師知道她喜歡這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，能夠超越自己的研究，故可以知道，老師相信Dubcek能夠做出更好的研究，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.可知，她的設(shè)計(jì)不僅確保宇航員的安全，還要保證宇航員的舒適生活，故選D。CIt is generally acknowledg

20、ed that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school in

21、stitutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the pr

22、ocess. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family

23、is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and workin

24、g with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The r

25、esults were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s d

26、evelopment was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, so

27、me evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?A. The large number of poor families.B. The disapproval from children.C. The late start of the program.D. The long period of time.9. What do we know about the “M

28、issouri” program ?A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.B. It helped the children return to the same home.C. It made the children improved in many aspects.D. It gave the parents advice on their development.10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performan

29、ce ?A. The number of family members.B. The parent-child communication.C. The intelligence of their parents.D. The teacher-student relationship.11. How does the author develop the passage ?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving examples.D. By drawing conclusions.【答案】8. C 9. C 10.

30、 B 11. B【解析】本文屬于說(shuō)明文，為了研究促進(jìn)貧窮家庭孩子智力發(fā)展，分別進(jìn)行了Headstart和Missouri項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行研究，結(jié)果一個(gè)失敗了，一個(gè)成功了，發(fā)現(xiàn)了父母與孩子的交流更影響孩子的智力發(fā)育?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late.可知，結(jié)果不佳，因?yàn)轫?xiàng)目開(kāi)始的太晚了，故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段The results were obvious. The children in the program were more

31、 advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.可知，參加了“Missouri“項(xiàng)目的孩子，在語(yǔ)言發(fā)展、問(wèn)題解決和其他智力技能方面都比同齡人要高級(jí)，故可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目在多個(gè)方面讓孩子提升很多，故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality of parent-child intera

32、ction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.可知，影響孩子發(fā)展的一個(gè)因素就是父母與孩子之間交流的質(zhì)量很差，而這種交流在家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)情況較差的家庭不一定就不如人，故可知，父母與孩子的交流更影響孩子的發(fā)展，故選B?！?1題詳解】寫(xiě)作策略題。根據(jù)文章可知，本文分別舉了Headstart和Missouri項(xiàng)目對(duì)孩子的發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究，結(jié)果一個(gè)失敗了，一個(gè)成功了，發(fā)現(xiàn)了父母與孩子的交流更影響孩子的智力發(fā)育，故可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是通過(guò)對(duì)這兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行對(duì)比的，故選B。DWilliam I, who conquered Eng

33、land some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水馬桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草機(jī)). How did he get by ?History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windo

34、ws, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldn,t buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you,d think I,d be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that

35、 of living persons: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed I feel toward my friend Howard,s new kitchen is not reduced by the fact no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find diffe

36、rent things to feel sad about. You,d think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too.Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of ma

37、ny investments bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers, fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby. I can,t keep up with my neighbors right no

38、w. But just wait.12. What does the underlined phrase “get by” in the first paragraph mean ?A. Succeed as a king.B. Deal with complaints.C. Live in s satisfactory way.D. Get some extra money.13. How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present ?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5D. 614.

39、According to the passage, the author. intends to .A. tell us to be content with lifeB. warn us to live in a simple wayC. teach us to learn lessons from lifeD. encourage us to struggle for wealth15. What,s the author,s attitude towards life ?A. Doubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Uncaring.D. Cautious.【答案】12. C

40、 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】本文屬于議論文，無(wú)論一個(gè)人多么的富有，但是用未來(lái)人的角度來(lái)看，其生活質(zhì)量都不是很好的，因此作者建議大家要對(duì)未來(lái)充滿信心，也要滿足當(dāng)下的生活。【12題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水馬桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草機(jī)).可知，盡管威廉一世在他那個(gè)時(shí)代很富有，但是他沒(méi)有像抽水馬桶、除草機(jī)這一類(lèi)的東西，通過(guò)How did he可知，他是怎樣

41、生活的呢？可知推出get by的意思是通過(guò)，過(guò)得去，故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本文提及了William I威廉一世，Croesus克羅伊斯，Alexander the Great亞歷山大大帝，Czar Nicholas沙皇尼古拉斯共計(jì)4個(gè)歷史人物，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice.可知，獲得幸福的一種方式就是意識(shí)到，即使按照今天

42、的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我擁有的東西都很不錯(cuò)，作者認(rèn)為獲得幸福感在于對(duì)當(dāng)前擁有的東西感到滿意，故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers, fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby.用未來(lái)一兩個(gè)世紀(jì)的人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)看今天，不管是銀行家絢麗的工作臺(tái)面還是我家的裝飾材料都相當(dāng)寒磣，故可知，作者認(rèn)為生活會(huì)隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展而進(jìn)步，故選B。第

43、二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. _16_ Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can he

44、lp you to remember things in your everyday life.To Remember: New wordsTechnique: Change routineIn a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room ant some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while th

45、e other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. _17_ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.To Remember: Your PINTechnique: Count it outYou could use your birt

46、hday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. _18_ Write a four- wort sentence. Then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” =4223.To Remember: FacesTechnique: Focus on nosesWhite some super memorizes specialize in associa

47、ting names with faces, the memory-palace technique doesnt work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a persons nose. _19_To Remember: Facts & figuresTechnique: _20_To learn and remember statistic

48、s, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If its a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session.A. value examsB. Give yourself tim

49、eC. This allows you to take in their whole face.D. Their brain structures are in fact the same as the rest of ours.E. Instead, try this tip from Dominic, an eight-time World Memory Champion.F. The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you.G. Studies showed that varying

50、other aspects of your environment can also help.【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B【解析】本文屬于說(shuō)明文，介紹記憶不同事物建議的不同記憶技巧。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前一句In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers dont have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of informa

51、tion.可知，在神經(jīng)學(xué)雜志最近發(fā)布的文章里，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)超級(jí)記憶者沒(méi)有更大大腦區(qū)域來(lái)允許他們記憶很多信息，D選項(xiàng)，他們的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)跟我們其他人一樣，承接上文，切題，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后一句That includes the time of day, the music in the background , whether you sit or stand, etc.可知，包括記憶的時(shí)間，音樂(lè)背景，以及你是否是站著還是坐著等，G選項(xiàng)，改變環(huán)境的不同因素也能幫助記憶，后一句是對(duì)本句的闡述，切題，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后一句Write a four-word sentence, the

52、n count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” = 4223.可知，寫(xiě)一個(gè)四個(gè)單詞的句子，數(shù)每個(gè)單詞的字母數(shù)，比如，This is my PIN每個(gè)單詞的分別包含4個(gè)、2個(gè)、2個(gè)、3個(gè)字母，E選項(xiàng)，嘗試Dominic的技巧，八次獲得世界記憶冠軍，后一句具體闡述記憶的方法，切題，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前一句Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a perso

53、n,s nose.可知，不要關(guān)注別人的眼鏡，正如大多數(shù)做的一樣，關(guān)注一個(gè)人鼻子的中部或者左部，C選項(xiàng)，這會(huì)讓你記住整張臉，闡述前一句的意義和影響，切題，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)本段第一句To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one.可知，學(xué)習(xí)和記憶數(shù)據(jù)，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間反復(fù)記憶比短時(shí)間記憶更有效，故可知，本段介紹記憶數(shù)據(jù)和事實(shí)性知識(shí)需要的技巧在于反復(fù)記憶，B選項(xiàng)，

54、給自己一些時(shí)間，切題，故選B。第三部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his _21_ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious (寬敞的) apartment to a small one in order to _22_ my l

55、iving expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my father in-law _23_ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, _24_ our family into a more terrible state.In these circumstances I have two mental _25_: either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or _26_ my negative thought

56、s with super mental powers about self-confidence and consistency, and _27_ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am _28_ today will build up my _29_ . My strengths will then increases my confidence and make me a good times make me a

57、 _30_ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are part of _31_ . While good times make me happy, bad times _32_ the inner me.Two months later, _33_ , I have finally landed on a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wifes mental stress _34_ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still _35_ !As I am back on the track of normal life, I can _36_ say that the most important thin