賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面解析

1、賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面解析賓語(yǔ)從句考查的三個(gè)要點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)序，時(shí)態(tài)，關(guān)聯(lián)詞。1.定義：用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。2.構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句。3賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序一定是陳述句語(yǔ)序。(who 作主語(yǔ)的從句本身就是陳述句語(yǔ)序)4賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)，連接賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞有that(that在口語(yǔ)中常省略)。 whether，if，和連接代詞what， which， who， whom及連接副詞when， where， how， why。He knew(that) he should study hard.他知道他應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。Can you tell me which class you are in?您能

2、告訴我，您在哪一班嗎?He asked me if he could come in，他問我他是否能進(jìn)來(lái)。5.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：(1)從屬連詞that.如：一般那情況下可以省略。He told us that he felt ill.I know he has returned.注： that在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下，that不能省略。.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，that賓語(yǔ)從句放在and的后面時(shí)，that不能省略。).I kn

3、ow nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。).That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe.(that從句位于句首時(shí)，that不可省略。)(2)從屬連詞if/whether.如：I doubt whether he will succeed.I dont know if you can help me.(3)連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichev

4、er連接副詞 where，when，how，why.Who or what he was，Martin never learned.I wonder what hes writing to me about.Ill tell you why I asked you to come.注意1.如果賓語(yǔ)從句后還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.He has made it clear that he will not give in.2.某些形容詞或過去分詞后常接

5、賓語(yǔ)從句，這類形容詞或過去分詞有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，連詞that可省略。I am not sure what I ought to do.Im afraid you dont understand what I said.Im surprised that I didnt see all that before.Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.3.連詞whether (or not)或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句if和wh

6、ether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可以互換使用，但whether常和or not連用，if一般不與or not連用。如：I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。用if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句如果會(huì)引起歧義，應(yīng)避免使用if而用wheter.試比較：Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.if從句可理解為賓語(yǔ)從句，意為“請(qǐng)告訴我你是否想去”;此句又可理解為條件狀語(yǔ)從句意為“如果你想去的話，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲”。4.賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think，believe

7、，suppose，expect等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)盡管是否定意思，卻不用否定形式，而將think等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健Ｈ纾篒 dont think you are right.I dont believe they have finished their work yet.I dont suppose he cares，does he?5.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)變化規(guī)律：主句從句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可根據(jù)需要用任何時(shí)態(tài)。主句從句是過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，例如：一般過去，過去進(jìn)行，過去完成，過去將來(lái)等注意：說(shuō)到自然現(xiàn)象和普遍真理時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)The teacher said that t

8、he earth goes round the sun.解答賓語(yǔ)從句題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題a.時(shí)態(tài)的一致賓語(yǔ)從句中如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。I know he lives here.我知道他住在這兒。I know he lived here ten years ago.我知道他十年前住在這兒。I have heard that he will come.我已經(jīng)聽說(shuō)他要來(lái)了。賓語(yǔ)從句中如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí))，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用過去的時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來(lái)時(shí)、過去完成時(shí))。I kno

9、w who lives here.我知道誰(shuí)住在這兒。I know who lived here.我知道誰(shuí)住過這兒。He asked us if everyone was here.他問我們是否所有的人都出席了。He has said that he has seen it.他說(shuō)過他已經(jīng)看了。He said that he had seen it.他說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看了。b.語(yǔ)序的變化陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變。陳述句：He is an honest man.他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。賓語(yǔ)從句：I said he was an honest man.(連詞that可省)我說(shuō)他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。一般疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序，用whether，if連接。一般疑問句：Does he study hard?他學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)真嗎?賓語(yǔ)從句：I wonder if(whether)he studies hard.我不知道他是否認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)語(yǔ)序要變?yōu)殛?/p>