專四語法4-反意疑問句ppt課件

1、TEM 4,專四輔導系列,TEM 4語法,Grammar 第二講,2021/1/28,2,Tag Questions,4. 反意疑問句,Disjunctive Question / Tag Question,2021/1/28,3,Tag Questions,A. 反意疑問句概述,2021/1/28,4,Tag Questions,A. 概述,反意疑問句又被稱作附加疑問句（Disjunctive Question/tag question）。反意疑問句形式雖然很簡單，但是在不同結(jié)構(gòu)中的構(gòu)成不同，是TEM4考試中的一個重要考點,2021/1/28,5,Tag Questions,A. 概述,反意

2、疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。其中附加疑問句是對陳述句所說的事實或觀點提出疑問，起證實作用，一般用于證實說話者所說的事實或觀點,2021/1/28,6,Tag Questions,B. 反意疑問句基本形式,2021/1/28,7,Tag Questions,一般情況下，疑問部分的主語應(yīng)與主句的主語一致。反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語應(yīng)是，“肯定陳述否定疑問”或“否定陳述肯定疑問,My wife says that I did it, doesnt she,2021/1/28,8,Tag Questions,例1: She would have been more agreeable i

3、f she had changed a little bit, _ ?. (2003-53) A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt she,2021/1/28,9,Tag Questions,C. 反意疑問句的特殊用法,2021/1/28,10,Tag Questions,在此將反意疑問句的特殊用法分為五大類，這部分是TEM4考察的重點,2021/1/28,11,Tag Questions,1. 在I suppose / think / believe / expect/imagine/fancy/ believe等結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中，反

4、意疑問句的形式要根據(jù)后半部分而定，但是肯定與否由此處說話人的觀點來決定, 例如,I suppose youre going today, arent you? I dont think he will come, will he,2021/1/28,12,Tag Questions,2. 前句否定的情況，包括 not, no, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, nobody, little, nothing, nowhere 等，前后兩部分時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致，后半部分應(yīng)使用肯定形式, 例如,2021/1/28,13,Tag Questions,Birds rarel

5、y build nests in our garden, do they? You have nothing against it, have you? You have never met each other before, have you? You were hardly twelve then, were you,2021/1/28,14,Tag Questions,例2: You and I could hardly understand, _ ? (1995-60) A. could I B. couldnt we C. couldnt you D. could we,2021/

6、1/28,15,Tag Questions,3. 如果陳述部分是第二人稱祈使句，“You”通常省略。在附加疑問句中要加上主語“you”?？隙ㄐ问綖閣ill you；否定形式是wont you, 如,Dont take away my dictionary, will you？ Please stop smoking, will you,2021/1/28,16,Tag Questions,例3: When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, _? （199742） A. do y

7、ou B. will you C. dont you D. wont you,2021/1/28,17,Tag Questions,例4: Do help yourself to some fruit, _? （200044） A. cantB. dont C. wouldnt D. wont you,2021/1/28,18,Tag Questions,Lets 開頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shant we) ? ；Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you（或wont you）,Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（or: s

8、hant we)? Let us wait for him in the reading-room, will you （or: wont you）,2021/1/28,19,Tag Questions,4. 前句謂語動詞用used to, 后句可用didnt或usednt 如,You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you? （or: usednt you?） He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he,2021/1/28,20,Tag Questions,例5: There used to be a p

9、etrol station near the park, _?（200665） A. didnt it B. doesnt there C. usednt it D. didnt there,2021/1/28,21,Tag Questions,5. 有情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句句型 當陳述部分有dare或need時,若dare和need為實義動詞,疑問部分的謂語用do的適當形式;若dare和need為情態(tài)動詞時,疑問部分用dare或need構(gòu)成.例如,We need to do it, dont we? You darent go there, dare you? You neednt do it

10、 if you dont want to, need you,2021/1/28,22,Tag Questions,例6: A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _ ? （199259） A. need it B. neednt it C. does it D. doesnt it,2021/1/28,23,Tag Questions,補充：must表示“必須、禁止命令或強制 “時，反意疑問部分要用must (mustnt); must表示“有必要”時，反意疑問句部分要用neednt,You mus

11、t do it by yourself,mustnt you? You mustnt stop your car here, must you? They must finish the work today, neednt they? You must see him tonight, neednt you,2021/1/28,24,當must表示“一定”或“想必”等推測意義時，反意疑問部分不用mustnt，而根據(jù)must后的動詞形式而定。例如： He must be crazy to do so,isnt he? She must have been there for a long ti

12、me, hasnt she? They must have stayed at home last night, didnt they,2021/1/28,25,陳述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測時，若句中帶有明顯的過去時間的狀語，問句部分動詞用過去時形式。如： He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didnt he? （不用mightnt he?/ hasnt he?） You must have got up late this morning, didnt you

13、?（不用mustnt you?/havent you?） 陳述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推測時，若句中沒有帶明顯的過去時間的狀語，問句部分動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時形式。如： Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, havent they? （不用mustnt they?） You must have worked there a year ago, didnt you?（不用mustnt you?/ havent you,2021/1/28,26,1, there be 句型，附加疑問句用the

14、re充當主語，而不用it /they,There is a pen on the desk, isnt there? There were losts of people over there, werent there,2021/1/28,27,2 陳述句的主語如果是everyone/everybody/someone/anyone, no one, nobody,附加疑問句用they,尤其是在口語中。但是，使用he 也是正確的,somebody borrow my pen yesterday, didnt they? No one was injured in the accident,

15、were they,2021/1/28,28,3陳述句的主語如果是this, that, these, those,附加疑問句分別用it, they,That is your book, isnt it? Those are good cars, arent they,2021/1/28,29,4,I am,附加疑問句用arent (british) or aint (american english) ， 不用 am not,Im late, arent I ? I am doing well, aint /arent I ,2021/1/28,30,5.陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要

16、用may +主語。I wish to have a word with you, may I,2021/1/28,31,7. Dont bother to drive me back. But then youd have to walk a long way home, _? A. do you B. hadnt you C. wouldnt you D. would you 8. Lets prepare for the exam together, _? A. can we B. shall we C. dont we D. will you 9. I dont think I will

17、 bring you much trouble, _? A. will I B. wont I C. do I D. dont I 10. Someone has left the light on, _? A. has he B. hasnt he C. have they D. havent they,2021/1/28,32,12. Bob never used to smoke, _? A. didnt he B. usednt he C. used he D. does he 13. Go and get some food, _? A. dont you B. shall you

18、C. will you D. cant you,2021/1/28,33,感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it,2021/1/28,34,陳述句中是非限定人稱代詞one時，正式文體中，簡短問句的主語為one，而非正式文體中用you。例如: One must be honest, mustnt one,2021/1/28,35,14. On this occasion, one is not supposed to behave this way, _? A. does one B. is one C.

19、 are they D. do they 15. Ill be thirteen tomorrow, _? A. am I B. arent I C. wont I D. will I 16. I ought to go with you, _? A. did I B. shouldnt I C. should I D. did I not 17. What a funny boy, _? A. arent you B. arent they C. isnt he D. is he,2021/1/28,36,當陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，反意疑問部分在英式英語中用ought to

20、形式，在美式英語中用should形式。正式文體用should/ought +主語+not形式 例如： You ought to see the new picture,shouldnt you? Teachers ought to be honoured,oughtnt they? 但考試時選shouldnt 別選oughtnt,2021/1/28,37,陳述部分用had better +原形動詞表示建議時，問句部分用hadnt +主語？形式。 Youd better tell him about the matter, hadnt you?We had better do it by our

21、selves, hadnt we? would rather + v.wouldnt +主語 youd like to + v.wouldnt +主語,2021/1/28,38,在反意疑問句中，簡略問句的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)方面要和前面的陳述句保持一致，但是，也有不少不一樣的特殊情況，大致有25 種情況。1 Everybody is here, arent they/isnt he? (指人的不定代詞 作主語，簡略 問句一般用they, 也可用he)2 I dont think he is a doctor, is he? (陳述句是轉(zhuǎn)移否定，反意疑問句的主語和謂語必須和從句一致。)3 Ope

22、n your books, would you/wont you? (陳述句對第二人稱的祈使句，簡略問句可用will you? Wont you? Would you? Can you? 或cant you?)4 Dont forget to write a letter to me, will you?（在否定祈使句中，只用will you?）5 Lets go to the station shall we?(Lets 包括聽話者，所以用shall we?)6 Let us go for a walk, will you?/wont you?(Let us 不包括聽話者，而是向聽話者提出建

23、議或要求。,2021/1/28,39,7 We must study all the subjects well, neednt we?(must在這里不表示必須，只表示有必要，所以不重復must, 要用need.)8 It must be Xiao Wang, isnt it?(must be在這里表示推測，要用be 的適當形式)9 You must have seen the film Shaolin Brothers, havent you?(當must+不定式的完成式表示對過去事情的推測時，用have。)10. The boys mustnt play with fire, may t

24、hey?(當must表示禁止時，反意問句要用may.)11. He used to get up early, didnt he/ usednt he?（當陳述句含有used to 時，簡略問句用did,也可重復used.）12We usually have breakfast at seven, dont we?（當have不作有解而用作行為動詞時，簡略問句用do 適當形式,2021/1/28,40,13. You had to do it well, didnt you?(陳述部分的謂語包含have to, has to, had to時，疑問部分要用do 的適當形式。)14. Nothi

25、ng can stop us now, cant it?(陳述部分用everything, nothing作主語時，疑問部分主語用it.)15. I am a three-good student, arent I?(陳述部分用I am 時，疑問部分用arent I.)16. There is something wrong with your TV set, isnt there?(陳述部分為there+be結(jié)構(gòu)，疑問部分用there省略主語代詞。)17. I wish to go to the cinema, may I?(當陳述句是主語結(jié)構(gòu)I wish, 用以征求對方意見，簡略問句用ma

26、y I.)18. Tom has been reading novels, but he didnt read this afternoon, did he?(陳述句是并列句，簡略問句的主謂語應(yīng)和后一個分句一致。,2021/1/28,41,19. She dislikes smoking, doesnt she?(如果陳述部分里出現(xiàn)表示否定意義的某些詞 如never, hardly, few, little,nothing,nobody等，簡略問句要用肯定式；但是， 如果謂語是通過加前綴構(gòu)成的否定詞 ，簡略問句用否定。)20. That China is a great socialist country is well known, isnt it?(不定式短語，動名詞短語或主語從句作主語，簡略問句的主語用it.)21. This is my pen, isnt it?(陳述部分的主語th