《英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣》PPT課件

1、Unit 1 Art,Grammar: Subjunctive Mood,If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Without the I

2、mpressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情景與事實(shí)（包括過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)）相反，這種語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的愿望、假設(shè)、或建議，而不是表示客觀(guān)存在的事實(shí)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來(lái)表示,if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句,If she invited me now, I would go to the party,假如她現(xiàn)在邀請(qǐng)我參加聚會(huì)，我就去,If she had invited me yesterday, I would have gone to the party,假如她昨天邀請(qǐng)我

3、參加聚會(huì)，我就去了,If she should invite me tomorrow, I would go to the part,如果她明天邀請(qǐng)我參加聚會(huì)，我會(huì)去的,1. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬,If I were you, I would/ could/ should/ might do that,If I had money, I would/ could/ should/ might buy that house,If I met Yang Liwei in the flesh now, I would/could/might/should _,2. 對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,If I had known

4、 that yesterday, I would/ could/ should/ might have told you,If she hadnt eaten so much candy, she wouldnt have had her teeth pulled out,If I _ busy last night, I _ to see the film with you,had not been,would have gone,If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday,would not have had,had dr

5、iven,If I _(know) your telephone number,I _ (telephone) you yesterday,had known,would have telephoned,3. 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),If it should rain, the crops should/ would/ could/ might be saved,If I,became were to become should become,a scientist in the future,對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬,I would try to find a cure for cancer,要是將來(lái)

6、我成了一名科學(xué)家，我就會(huì)努力找出治療癌癥的方法,Fill in the blanks,would/could/should/might +動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 (be動(dòng)詞用were,had+過(guò)去分詞,would/could/should/might + have+過(guò)去分詞,would/could/should/might +動(dòng)詞原形,1. 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were) 2. should+動(dòng)詞原形 3. were to+動(dòng)詞原形,1. 如果你早來(lái)5分鐘,你就趕上這趟車(chē)了,If you _ here five minutes earlier, you _ the bus,2. 如果我現(xiàn)在不忙,我

7、就來(lái)幫你了,If I _ not busy, I _ you now,3. 如果明天下雪了,我們?cè)趺崔k,What _ we do if it _ tomorrow,had got,were,would help,should,were to snow,would have caught,1. If I _ a map, I would lend it to you. A. have B. had C. should D. would 2. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed

8、C. would miss D. missed,If型特例：省略 if 的條件從句,用法：虛擬條件句中有 were, had 或 should 時(shí)，可省略if ，而把were, had, should放在句首,用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(否定句中not不提到前面來(lái),3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed,2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again,1. If I were you, I would not do that,Were I you, I woul

9、d not do that,Should he fail in the experiment this time, he would try again,Had you not helped me, I should have failed,1. _ he come, the problem would be settled. A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If 2. _, man could not live at all. A. Were it not for the sun B. If it was for the sun C. Had it not be

10、en for the sun D. If it shouldnt be for the sun,Exercises,B,A,3. _, everything would have been all right. A. He had been here B. Here he had been C. Been here he had D. Had he been here 4. _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. would you be B. should you be

11、C. could you be D. might you be,D,B,Fill in the blanks,would/could/should/might +動(dòng)詞原形,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 (be動(dòng)詞用were,had+過(guò)去分詞,would/could/should/might + have+過(guò)去分詞,would/could/should/might +動(dòng)詞原形,1. 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were) 2. should+動(dòng)詞原形 3. were to+動(dòng)詞原形,二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型,wish 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中。 一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為,wish 的賓語(yǔ)從句,現(xiàn)在: 過(guò)

12、去時(shí)(did/were) 過(guò)去: 過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done) 未來(lái): would/could/might/should +V.(原,I wish I were a bird,I wish every day were my birthday,I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming,I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon,表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：從句動(dòng)詞常用“had過(guò)去分詞,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it,I wish it would

13、rain tomorrow,和將來(lái)相反，用would+動(dòng)詞原形,He is not a millionaire but he _ he were. A. wishes B. hopes C. longs D. believes I wish that I _ visit my uncle the day after tomorrow. A. shall B. have C. would D. am going to I wish it _ spring all the year round. A. will be B. were C. be D. is I wish I _ to that u

14、niversity with you yesterday. A. would go B. went C. did go D. had gone,Exercises,我現(xiàn)在要是年輕十歲就好了。 I wish I were ten years younger now. 我昨天要是遇見(jiàn)他就好了。 I wish I had met him yesterday. 我希望成為一名科學(xué)家。 I wish I would be a scientist,2. would rather that,現(xiàn)在: 過(guò)去: 未來(lái),I would rather you paid me now. I would rather I

15、 hadnt come yesterday. I would rather you came tomorrow,過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),3. as if /though + 從句,現(xiàn)在： 過(guò)去,過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),She loves the baby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday,他們就像多年的朋友一樣交談。 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他看上去像是醉了。 He looks a

16、s if he were drunk. 她看起來(lái)似乎是冰做的。 She looked as if she had been made of ice,我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了,4. Its (about/high) time +that,過(guò)去時(shí)(were) should(不省) +V,你該走了,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed,5. 表示要求、命令、建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。使用should + 動(dòng)詞

17、原形，或者將should省略,常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞: 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令， 三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。即 1) insist 2) order, command 3) advise, suggest, propose 4) demand, require, request, ask,I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there,注意：suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明”講時(shí)，insist 表示“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)”“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 suggest表示“建議” ，

18、insist 表示“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事”時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,1) The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules. 2) He insisted that she _ (be) seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once,obey,was,be sent,3) He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once. 4) His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill,have,was,在

19、suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request 等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略,在表要求，命令等的名詞用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it,My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others,We all agree to the suggestion that t

20、he meeting (should) be put off,6. Its necessary/strange/natural/ important /a pity/no wonder/impossible + that 從句, 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即 (should) + 動(dòng)詞原形,我們掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是非常重要的。 It is important that we (should) master a foreign language,7. If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是該有多好啊)表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去式; 如果是過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài),If only I were a flyin

21、g bird! 要是我看過(guò)那部電影就好了！ If only I had seen the film,現(xiàn)在： 過(guò)去,過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí),Choose the best answer: It is strange that the little boy _ speak two foreign languages. A. could b. can C. should D. would 2. He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm. A. be finished B.will finish C. must be finished 3.Wit

22、hout the leadership of the Party,there _no New China. A.would be B. has been C. should be D.was,C,A,A,4. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set 5. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 6. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. A. would B. should have C. may D. have,B,B,c,Homework,Textbook: P5, P13, P43, P51 Rev