2019中考英語(yǔ)總練習(xí)學(xué)案--定語(yǔ)從句(一)

1、2019 中考英語(yǔ)總練習(xí)學(xué)案- 定語(yǔ)從句（ 1）注意事項(xiàng)：認(rèn)真閱讀理解，結(jié)合歷年的真題，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，查找不足！重在審題，多思考，多理解！【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1、定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)；2、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞的使用；【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)講解】1、定語(yǔ)從句，在主句中作定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾某一叫先行詞。e.g.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.Doyouknowthemanwhocametomethismorning?2、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有個(gè)重要的特點(diǎn)，就是它們都要做從句中的一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系代詞起名詞或代詞的作用，而關(guān)系副詞起副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)的作用。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,whose,t

2、hat,which。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞有：where,when,why。關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。3、當(dāng)先行詞指“人”時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中用who 作主語(yǔ)，用whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)非正式文體中也用who 作賓語(yǔ) 。先行詞指“人”時(shí)，有時(shí)也可用that 在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。但who 的前面不能有介詞，如果帶介詞，必須用賓格的whom。 e.g.Hereisaman(whom/that/who)youwouldliketosee.Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.4、 that 和 which都可指物，但以下4 種情況下一般用that:先行詞

3、是不定代詞all,none,one,any,few,little,much,everything,nothing,anything等時(shí)；e.g.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyouintown?先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí)；e.g.ThisisthebestfilmthatIveeverseen.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast,theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)：ThisisthefirstplacethatIvisitedlasttime.先行詞包含了指人和物兩方面的含義時(shí)；e.g.Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatthe

4、yrememberedintheschool.5、先行詞為“物”時(shí)，在以下這種情況只能用which ，而不用 that:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用“介詞+which ”結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwevehadsomuchdiscussion.6、關(guān)系代詞 whose 一般置于名詞之前，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。whose 既可用以指人，也可用以指物。用whose 指物時(shí)可用ofwhose 代替。e.g.Pleasepassmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.(=thecoverofwhichisblack)7、關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)從句的

5、主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱要與先行詞一致。關(guān)系代詞是代替先行詞含義的詞，當(dāng)先行詞名詞或代詞為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，當(dāng)先行詞為單數(shù)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 ThosewhowanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7 30p.m. HewhodoesntteachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.8、關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用關(guān)系代詞；如果關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ) ( 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因 ) ，那么用關(guān)系副詞。注：關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中已經(jīng)起過(guò)的作用不可在從句中再用其它詞代替。e.g.T

6、hisistheverybookIboughtityesterday.(it應(yīng)去掉?DoyourememberthetimewhentheChinawasfounded?9、關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)：when 表示地點(diǎn)，where表示地點(diǎn)，why 表示原因，它們?cè)趶木渲蟹謩e作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。當(dāng)先行詞雖然表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因，而關(guān)系詞在從句中分別作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)而不是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不可用when、 where而應(yīng)用that或 which 。比較：或 why，IllneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.(定語(yǔ)從句在的動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，when 在從

7、句中作狀語(yǔ)Illneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.定語(yǔ)從句中的spent為及物動(dòng)詞，從句中須的賓語(yǔ)，因此只能用that/which，不能用when)【同步練習(xí)】()1.Arobotisamachine_candosomedifficultworkinsteadofman.A.whoB./C.thatD.what()2.Mymomprefersmusic_quietandgentle.A.thatareB.thatisC.whichhasD.whoseis()3.-Isthegirl_isinterviewingthemanageroftha

8、tcompanyyourfriend?-Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose()4.Heisoneoftheexperiencedengineersinthisfactory_hardworkwasrepaidwiththedevelopmentofthefactory.A.whereB.whose:C.inwhichD.that()5.-DoyouknowHongZhanhui?-Yes.Hesthecollegestudent_hasmovedalotofChinesepeople.A.whoB.whichC.what

9、D.whom()6.Thebook_heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what()7.Oxford,asweknow,_isoneofthebestuniversitiesintheworld.A.thatB./C.itD.this()8.Thetown_wevisitedafewyeasagoismuchlargerthanbefore.A.itB.whoC.whichD.whose()9.Iliketoliveinahouse_isbigandbright.A.thatB.whoC.howD.why()10Myteache

10、rissuchakindofperson_isalwaysreadytohelpanyoneintrouble.A.heB.sheC.whomD.that()11.Thegirl_isreadingunderthetreeismysister.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom ()12.LiuXiangisthefirstplayerinAsia_wonthegoldprizemanof the110-hurdleraceinthe28thOlympicGames.A.whichB.inwhichC.whomD.who()13.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglis

11、hschoolteacher_lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which()14.InthestreetImetMr.Lee_fathergaveusatalklastweek.A.heB.whichC.whoseD.what()15.Theman_iswearingabluejacketisJimsuncle.A.whoB.whomC.whichD,/()16.Theletter_Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.A.itB.whichC.thisD.whose()17.Onthewallhungapicture,_colorisblue.A.w

12、hoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.its()18.Thisisthethief_stolemybike.A.whichB.inwhichC.whomD.who()19.Theperson_youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.A.whichB.inwhichC.whomD.whose()20.Passmethedictionary_coverisblack.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which()21.Theboy_wonthefirstprizeiscalledRoy.A.whenB.whomC.whoD.which()22._havefinishedthew

13、orkcanleave.A.ThosewhoB.AnyoneC.TheonewhoD.Thesewho()23.Thepandaisakindofanimal_canbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.where()24.Thetwochildrenboughtsomebooks_themoneytheyhadsaved.A.withB.inC.byD.for()25.Yourparentsarethepersons_youshouldwrite.A.thatB.whomC.whoD.towhom()26.Theyoungman_isleavingf

14、orJapannextSunday.A.thegirlistalkingtohimB.thegirlistalkingtoC.whomthegirlistalkingD.whothegirlistalking()27.Thatoldman_wewanttovisitisascientist.A.himB.whomC.whoseD.which()28.Whenyoureadthisarticle,youdbettermakeamark_youdontunderstand.A.atwhichB.atwhereC.theplacewhereD.where()29.Thefirstthing_shes

15、goingtodothisafternoonistosendane-mailtoherboyfriend.A.thatB.whomC.whereD.why()30.Sheoncehelpedanoldman_wasreportedinHefeiEveningNews.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.that()31.Doyouknowthereason_theydidntagreewithus?A.thatB.whyC.whereD.when()32.Weveneverseensuchastrangeman_you.A.withB.asC.of.D.at()33.Thisisthesc

16、ientist_wehavelearnalot.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.towhomD.forwho()34.Theworker_leftarmwasbrokenbytheaccidentwassenttohospital.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.whose()35.Illnevertheday_wemetforthefirsttime.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whattime()36.Weshoulddoall_isusefultothepeople.A.that;thatB.that;whichC.which;thatD.what;that()37.Is