2019年全國1卷英語試卷

1、2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英 語注意事項(xiàng)：1答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANeed a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its part

2、ners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year rou

3、nd.Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合條件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with trainingWho is eligible: Youth I5-18 years old in select communities (社區(qū))Summer CompanySummer Company provides stud

4、ents with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource mana

5、gement projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not tuning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities (機(jī)會(huì))Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions

6、across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21. What is special about Summer Company?A. It requires no training before employment.B

7、. It provides awards for running new businesses.C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.D. It offers more summer job opportunities.22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23. Which program favors the disabled?A. Jobs for Yout

8、h.B. Summer Company.C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D. Summer Employment Opportunities.BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day, and right now its Chris Palaezs turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of wh

9、o would enjoy public speaking.But hes nervous. “Im here to tell you today why you should should” Chris trips on the“-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “Vote for me ” Except for some stumbles, Chris is

10、 doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would exc

11、use himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confid

12、ent enough to say, I dont know，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than ju

13、st learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”24. What made Chris nervous？A. Telling a story.B. Maki

14、ng a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A. help students see their own strengthsB. a

15、ssess students public speaking skillsC. prepare students for their future jobsD. inspire students love for politics27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is g

16、rowing for biometric (生物測(cè)量) technologies - like fingerprint scans - to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device (裝置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.

17、 This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (節(jié)奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each perso

18、n. Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected to regardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses

19、 a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low erro

20、r rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To im

21、prove accuracy in typing.C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A. Computers are much easier to operate.B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.D. Da

22、ta security measures are guaranteed.30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?A. Itll be environment-friendly. B. Itll reach consumers soon.C. Itll be made of plastics. D. Itll help speed up typing.31. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A ma

23、gazine.DDuring the rosy years of elementary school (小學(xué)), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking c

24、igarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-wit

25、h-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may ha

26、ve seemed, Dr. Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage (從事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235

27、 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (調(diào)查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability c

28、an lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date sharing, kindness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing

29、 his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage,

30、” he said. 32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.33. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The classification of the popular. B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills. D. T

31、he causes of dishonorable behavior.34. What did Dr. Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A. They appeared to be aggressive. B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status. D. They performed well academically.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice You Wo

32、nt Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the BetterC. Be the Best You Can Make It D. More Self-control, Less Aggressiveness第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “ go out and get some fresh air.” _36_ Ac

33、cording to recent studies, the answer is big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good. _37_ If the air youre breathing is clean which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will

34、 learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）_38_. In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that that just

35、looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood （情緒）. Greenery is good for us, Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It gives us

36、a great feeling of peace. _40_ While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as your head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats pl

37、enty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as import

38、antly we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Grades.第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest moun

39、tain in Africa. They _41_ with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im _44_ about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon _45_ t

40、hat much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _48_ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50

41、_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ as spiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through five ecosystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, _54_ lands of lo

42、w growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_ - low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland _57_: gravel (礫石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an arctic-like zone with _59_ snow

43、 and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.41. A keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD.

44、 name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experi

45、enceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. cou

46、ntD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land m

47、asses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence _61._ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods _63_ track