新人教版八年級(jí)（上）期末數(shù)學(xué)檢測(cè)卷B（一）

1、2013-2014學(xué)年新人教版八年級(jí)（上）期末數(shù)學(xué)檢測(cè)卷b（一）一、選擇題（每小題3分，共24分）1下列圖形中，不是軸對(duì)稱(chēng)圖形的是（）abcd顯示解析2下列各式中計(jì)算正確的是（）ax+x3=x4b（x-4）2=x8cx-2x5=x3dx8x2=x4（x0）顯示解析3下列各式中與分式nmn相等的是（）anmnbnm+ncnnmd-nnm顯示解析4一個(gè)四邊形，截一刀后得到新多邊形的內(nèi)角和將（）a增加180b減少180c不變d以上三種情況都有可能顯示解析5如圖，abc中，ad、be是兩條中線，則sedc：sabc=（）a1：2b2：3c1：3d1：4顯示解析6等腰三角形腰上的高與底邊的夾角等于（）a

2、底角b底角的一半c頂角d頂角的一半顯示解析7下列各式是最簡(jiǎn)分式的是（）ax24y2(x+2y)2bx2+y2x+yc2xy9x3dx2+xx21顯示解析8若關(guān)于x的方程2x+k=3x+3有正數(shù)根，則k的取值范圍是（）ak2bk3c-3k-2dk2且k-3顯示解析二、填空題（每小題3分，共24分）9觀察圖形規(guī)律：（1）圖中一共有個(gè)三角形，圖中共有個(gè)三角形，圖中共有個(gè)三角形（2）由以上規(guī)律進(jìn)行猜想，第n個(gè)圖形共有個(gè)三角形顯示解析10計(jì)算：（-12）-2（-2）2=顯示解析11若（2x+3）0=1，則x滿(mǎn)足條件顯示解析12a2+b2=5，ab=2，則a-b=顯示解析13如圖，在abc中，ab=ac，

3、d，e分別是ac，ab上的點(diǎn)，且bc=bd，ad=de=eb，則a=度顯示解析14若分式x29x2x6=0，則x=顯示解析15在公式e=irn+ir中，所有字母都不等于零，則用e、n、r、r表示i為顯示解析16如圖，在平面直角坐標(biāo)系xoy中，a（2，1）、b（4，1）、c（1，3）與abc與abd全等，則點(diǎn)d坐標(biāo)為顯示解析三、解答題（其中17、18題各9分，19，21，22，24，26題各l0分，20-n12分，23題8分，25題14分，共102分）17先化簡(jiǎn)，再求值：（4ab3-8a2b2）4ab+（2a+b）（2a-b），其中a=2，b=1顯示解析18（1）計(jì)算：1-aba+2ba2b2a

4、2+4ab+4b2（2）解方程：4x21+x+21x=-1顯示解析19如圖，在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中，點(diǎn)a的坐標(biāo)是（4，0），點(diǎn)b的坐標(biāo)是（2，3），點(diǎn)c的坐標(biāo)是（0，3）（1）作出四邊形oabc關(guān)于y軸對(duì)稱(chēng)的圖形，并標(biāo)出點(diǎn)b對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)（2）在y軸上找一點(diǎn)p，使pa+pb的值最小，并求出點(diǎn)p的坐標(biāo)（要求不寫(xiě)作法，保留作圖痕跡）顯示解析20如圖，將rtabc的直角頂點(diǎn)c置于直線l上，ac=bc，過(guò)a、b兩點(diǎn)分別作直線l的垂線，垂足分別是點(diǎn)d、e若be=3，de=5，求ad的長(zhǎng)顯示解析21甲、乙兩位采購(gòu)員同去一家飼料公司購(gòu)買(mǎi)兩次飼料兩次飼料的價(jià)格有變化，兩位采購(gòu)員的購(gòu)貨方式也不同，其中，甲每次購(gòu)買(mǎi)10

5、00千克，乙每次用去800元，而不管購(gòu)買(mǎi)多少飼料（1）甲、乙所購(gòu)飼料的平均單價(jià)各是多少？（2）誰(shuí)的購(gòu)貨方式更合算？顯示解析22如圖，在abc中，ab=ac，bac=45，ad和ce是abc的高，且ad和ce相交于點(diǎn)h，求證：ah=2bd顯示解析23甲、乙兩工程隊(duì)分別承擔(dān)一條2千米公路的維修工作，甲隊(duì)有一半時(shí)間每天維修公路x千米，另一半時(shí)間每天維修公路y千米乙隊(duì)維修前1千米公路每天維修x千米；維修后1千米公路時(shí)，每天維修y千米（xy）（1）求甲、乙兩隊(duì)完成任務(wù)需要的時(shí)間（用含x、y的代數(shù)式表示）；（2）問(wèn)甲、乙兩隊(duì)哪隊(duì)先完成任務(wù)？顯示解析24已知將邊長(zhǎng)分別為a和2b（ab）的長(zhǎng)方形分割成四個(gè)全等

6、的直角三角形，如圖1，再用這四個(gè)三角形拼成如圖2所示的正方形，中間形成一個(gè)正方形的空洞經(jīng)測(cè)量得長(zhǎng)方形的面積為24，正方形的邊長(zhǎng)為5試通過(guò)你獲取的信息，求a2+b2和a2-b2的值顯示解析25數(shù)學(xué)課上，李老師出示了如下的題目：“在等邊三角形abc中，點(diǎn)e在ab上，點(diǎn)d在cb的延長(zhǎng)線上，且ed=ec，如圖，試確定線段ae與db的大小關(guān)系，并說(shuō)明理由”小敏與同桌小聰討論后，進(jìn)行了如下解答：（1）特殊情況，探索結(jié)論當(dāng)點(diǎn)e為ab的中點(diǎn)時(shí)，如圖1，確定線段ae與db的大小關(guān)系，請(qǐng)你直接寫(xiě)出結(jié)論：aedb（填“”，“”或“=”）（2）特例啟發(fā)，解答題目解：題目中，ae與db的大小關(guān)系是：aedb（填“”，“

7、”或“=”）理由如下：如圖2，過(guò)點(diǎn)e作efbc，交ac于點(diǎn)f（請(qǐng)你完成以下解答過(guò)程）（3）拓展結(jié)論，設(shè)計(jì)新題在等邊三角形abc中，點(diǎn)e在直線ab上，點(diǎn)d在直線bc上，且ed=ec若abc的邊長(zhǎng)為1，ae=2，求cd的長(zhǎng)（請(qǐng)你直接寫(xiě)出結(jié)果）顯示解析26如圖1，在abc中，ab=ac，d是ac延長(zhǎng)線上一點(diǎn)，點(diǎn)e在射線db上，且有bac=ced=，連接ea求證：ea平分bec（說(shuō)明：如果反復(fù)探索沒(méi)有解題思路，可以從下列條件中選取一個(gè)加以解決：如圖2，=60；如圖3，=90）92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30

8、ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgk tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls5

9、0clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2 tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4

10、i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3pt

11、gshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7

12、r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2 tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgk

13、qcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa

14、3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi

15、92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtg

16、kqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xt

17、kknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgsh

18、ls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i

19、30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaggeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3pt

20、gshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r

21、4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav hhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30k

22、a1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawger4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2c

23、hhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30