完達(dá)山奶源管理技術(shù)培訓(xùn)

1、第一部分 國(guó)內(nèi)集中擠奶站設(shè)備配套情況目前，國(guó)內(nèi)奶牛飼養(yǎng)業(yè)正在熱潮之中，各地奶牛小區(qū)建了很多，設(shè)備配套主要有以下方式：提桶式、平地計(jì)量瓶管道式、魚骨式雙列計(jì)量瓶式、魚骨式中置計(jì)量瓶式等；牛奶冷卻則有國(guó)產(chǎn)牛奶冷卻罐、進(jìn)口牛奶冷卻罐、進(jìn)口罐體國(guó)內(nèi)組裝牛奶冷卻罐、制冷機(jī)組配板式換熱器、天然冷水板式換熱器等，這些設(shè)備進(jìn)行不同的組合，分別適應(yīng)于不同情況。由于對(duì)設(shè)備的了解、投資力度等不同原因，各地采用了不同的方式。黑龍江省的多數(shù)機(jī)械化集中擠奶站，采用了提桶式擠奶機(jī)，配備直接冷卻式牛奶冷卻罐的方案。完達(dá)山集團(tuán)的絕大多數(shù)集中擠奶站設(shè)備選擇：1 擠奶作業(yè)堅(jiān)持了以提桶式擠奶機(jī)作為主要擠奶設(shè)備，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是在達(dá)到原料奶質(zhì)

2、量要求的前提下，投資少、操作簡(jiǎn)單、性能可靠，生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行成本低，尤其是對(duì)奶戶交奶的秤量符合計(jì)量法，不會(huì)引起爭(zhēng)執(zhí)；2 牛奶冷卻堅(jiān)持選用法國(guó)japy公司的ues2000型2biir-404a牛奶冷卻罐，經(jīng)過(guò)幾年來(lái)的應(yīng)用實(shí)踐，證明產(chǎn)品性能可靠，制冷速度快、耗電量小，計(jì)量準(zhǔn)確、清洗方便，環(huán)保r-404a冷卻液，對(duì)社會(huì)和用戶負(fù)責(zé)；出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題多數(shù)是由于電源不正常和使用操作不當(dāng)所造成；隨著越來(lái)越熟悉它的性能，目前故障也很少； 第二部分 9jn24型提桶式擠奶機(jī)零部件配置方面的改進(jìn)在前幾年應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)上，我們參照用戶意見(jiàn)，對(duì)9jn24型提桶式擠奶機(jī)進(jìn)行了以下改進(jìn)：1 真空泵里采用了更高質(zhì)量的旋片，使真空泵的抽氣量保

3、證2200l/min，使用壽命更長(zhǎng)，工作更穩(wěn)定；2 真空管路直徑由原來(lái)的11/2改為2，增加了真空貯存量和氣流流動(dòng)截面積，使得擠奶時(shí)壓力更穩(wěn)定，尤其在冬季，管道內(nèi)有冷凝水和抽入牛奶的情況下，不至于因?yàn)楣苈方孛娣e減少而影響擠奶壓力；在比較熱鍍鋅管和puc塑料管使用效果后，我們認(rèn)為還是熱鍍鋅管更適應(yīng)目前奶站的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀;3 自動(dòng)清洗裝置由12位清洗支座改為24位，由7t/h牛奶泵增大為14t/h，實(shí)現(xiàn)24套擠奶杯組一次完成清洗，大大減少了工作時(shí)間，也減少了作業(yè)量和水電消耗；配備進(jìn)口專用牛奶泵，在保證循環(huán)清洗水量，提高清洗效果上有很大作用；4 奶襯是擠奶機(jī)最重要的零件之一，我們一直在意大利專業(yè)廠家進(jìn)口

4、，盡管原來(lái)的產(chǎn)品損壞率在2%以內(nèi)，而且也并不都是質(zhì)量原因，但是我們還是對(duì)生產(chǎn)廠家提出了更高的要求，提高了材質(zhì)，增加了壁厚，進(jìn)一步提高了奶襯質(zhì)量；5 牛奶管改用了世界名牌專業(yè)產(chǎn)品，在耐高溫，抗腐蝕、抗老化、抗疲勞方面有了很大提高；6 國(guó)產(chǎn)橡膠件提高了材質(zhì)。原來(lái)反映橡膠件老化快，壽命短，我們認(rèn)為有兩個(gè)方面原因，橡膠件質(zhì)量是一方面，但使用高強(qiáng)度火堿清洗也是促使橡膠件老化過(guò)快的重要原因?，F(xiàn)在，我們的橡膠件提高了材質(zhì)，每批產(chǎn)品出廠前，樣品要經(jīng)過(guò)火堿浸泡24小時(shí)以上的試驗(yàn)，確保沒(méi)有問(wèn)題才出廠；7 牛奶桶塑料蓋，原來(lái)壞的比較多，我們一再修改模具，調(diào)整注塑工藝，要求必須使用臺(tái)灣產(chǎn)as原料，目前從使用情況看，還

5、是可以的；8 推廣使用真空泵油，保證了抽氣量，提高了真空泵的使用壽命； 第三部分 擠奶機(jī)的正確使用一、 正確操作 雖然我們已經(jīng)應(yīng)用了23年時(shí)間，但是我們有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)擠奶作業(yè)的正確操作問(wèn)題。1 正確掌握擠奶時(shí)間；2 擠奶作業(yè)時(shí)防止跑氣；3 正確的擠奶操作順序；4 擠奶后進(jìn)行乳頭藥??；二、 及時(shí)進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)維護(hù)1. 真空系統(tǒng)真空泵、油氣分離器、供油壺、真空管路、真空穩(wěn)壓器;2. 擠奶系統(tǒng)脈動(dòng)器、集乳器；3. 清洗系統(tǒng)清洗支座、掛鉤板、奶泵支架、集乳罐支架等;4. 及時(shí)更換易損另部件旋片、真空插頭橡膠墊、彈簧片、奶襯、短管、牛奶管、清洗毛刷、奶桶蓋、桶蓋膠圈；第四部分 擠奶機(jī)使用中的問(wèn)題及解決方法1. 工

6、作中真空抽氣量不足a. 旋片磨損嚴(yán)重b. 油封損壞c. 皮帶太松d. 漏氣2. 作業(yè)時(shí)真空不穩(wěn)定a. 穩(wěn)壓器過(guò)濾器和通氣孔的清理b. 擠奶杯組操作問(wèn)題c. 真空插頭膠墊、卡簧損壞或丟失d. 真空管有沒(méi)有進(jìn)水及牛奶3 集乳器小孔堵塞，牛奶管內(nèi)牛奶流動(dòng)慢4 脈動(dòng)器內(nèi)太臟，脈動(dòng)頻率不正常5 清洗支座漏氣，清洗水量不足6 清洗系統(tǒng)進(jìn)氣，排不出水7 牛奶管老化8 奶襯老化、裂紋、裂口9 奶桶蓋漏氣，奶桶蓋膠圈老化10 集乳器底座裂紋第五 牛奶冷卻罐使用中存在的問(wèn)題1 電源電壓仍舊過(guò)低或過(guò)高，奶站始終不配備電壓表、萬(wàn)用表；2 牛奶量很少就啟動(dòng)制冷；3 系統(tǒng)頻繁啟動(dòng)；4 系統(tǒng)漏氣、壓力不足；5 奶罐不穩(wěn)定、

7、罐體不水平；6 空氣流通不好、溫度太高；黑龍江農(nóng)墾畜牧工程技術(shù)裝備有限公司2003年12月8日qcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo

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19、3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaggeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3x

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