外研版高中英語必修4短語

1、外延版必修四短語Module 1 .1. have no alternative but (=have no choice but)除外別無選擇 ; 只要2. alternative energy可代替能源3. an alternative plan替代方案4. loadwith sth.給裝某物load the truck with coal給汽車裝上煤5. be on fire 著火 (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài) )6. catch fire 失火 (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作 ,無被動(dòng)語態(tài) )7. set fire to sth放火燒某物8. command sb to do sth命令某人做某事9. command th

2、at (that 從句中要用 should+動(dòng)詞原形, should 可省略 )10.free of charge免費(fèi) ,不花錢11.in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，管理12.in the charge of由 負(fù)責(zé)13.take charge of負(fù)責(zé)管理 ,負(fù)責(zé)照顧14.be charged with 充滿15. attach sth to sth把某物固定 /附在某物上16. attach oneself to參加 ;和 在一起 ,纏著17. be attached to連在 上 ; 附屬于 .; 系在上18.attach importance/value to sth. 認(rèn)為某事很重要/

3、有價(jià)值19.for sure肯定地 ,有把握地20.sb. is sure to do sth某人一定 /肯定做某事21.be sure + that-clause確信 ,相信22.make sure of /about sth確保23.make sure + that-clause確保24.sb. run out of sth某人用完了某東西25. sth. run out 某物用完了 (沒有了 )26. rely on/upon 依靠 ,信賴 ;取決于27. rely on it that 指望 .,對(duì)不懷疑28. get rid of =ridof 擺脫 ,丟掉 ;除去 ,趕走 ,消滅2

4、9. with + 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu) ,常用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式有 : with+ 賓語 + 現(xiàn)在分詞 ( 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語是現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或某狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 ) with+ 賓語 + 過去分詞 ( 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生 )with+ 賓語 +形容詞 (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語的特性和狀態(tài)) with+ 賓語 +副詞with+ 賓語 +不定式 (不定式動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生) with+ 賓語 +介詞短語30. place an order訂購31.carry out an operation32.be optimistic about33.be optimistic that.34. in shape,3

5、5. in the shape of . ;36.out of shape,37.look out of38.look outWatch out! ;Be careful!Take care!39.for a start40.to start with = to begin with,41.from the start = from the beginning,42.on the way out;43.on the way n./pron./to doing,44.can t too never too“ . ”,“ . ”45. Not all=All not Module 21. be o

6、n displaybe on showbe on exhibition2. permit sb to do sth3. permit doing sth4. provide sb with sthprovide sth for sb允許某人做某事允許做某事為某人提供某物5. sth impress sb某物給某人留下影響sb be impressed byimpress sth on sb = impress sb with sth使某人銘記6. sth is impressed on one s mind某事被印在腦海里7. have/leave/make/ a impression on

7、sb 給某人留下 的印象8. be convenient to sb對(duì)某人方便9. It is convenient for sb對(duì)某人方便10.It is convenient to do sth 做某事方便11.be convenient for sth對(duì)某事方便12.get around=get about到處旅游 ;四處走動(dòng)13.be connected to/with與 .相連 , 接通14.be stuck in困住 ,動(dòng)不了15.get dressed穿衣get washed洗臉getlost迷路get married結(jié)婚get charged充電get separated被分散

8、16.in no time馬上 ,一會(huì)兒17.on time按時(shí)in time 及時(shí)18.once upon a time從前19.at the same time與此同時(shí)at one time曾經(jīng) , 一度 ,從前有個(gè)時(shí)期at no time決不 ,在任何時(shí)候都不20. be worth doing值得做.be worth + n. = be worthy of + nsth. is worth doing = sth is worthy of being done= sth is worthy to be done21. “祈使句 + and +簡(jiǎn)單句 ”可以改為 if 條件句Think

9、hard, and you ll have an使idea勁想.，你就會(huì)有主意。22. “祈使句 + or + 簡(jiǎn)單句 ”也可以改為 if 條件句23.under construction 正在建設(shè)之中24.be limited to 局限于 .25.in rush hours26.react toreact with sth.27. occur to sb (),28.It occurs to sb to do sthIt occurs to sb that29.have sth done30.keep coolkeep quietkeep stillkeep silent31. no wa

10、y,Module 31. vary in2. vary fromto.3. vary with . , . 4. involve sb in5. involve oneself in6. be/get involve d in . 7. more than不僅僅more than 100 = over 100 ,超過 100more than surprised十分 /非常 吃驚more than 與其說 不如說 (強(qiáng)調(diào)前者 ) He was more an artist than a writer.8. on guard(保持 )警惕 ;值班 ,站崗9. on holiday度假on lea

11、ve休班on duty值班10. hold up 舉起 ,抬起 ,承受住 ,支撐11. hold back 阻擋hold on等會(huì)兒 , 堅(jiān)持hold down限制hold out維持12. give away泄露 ,出賣 ,暴露 ,讓步 ,贈(zèng)送 ,捐贈(zèng)13. give off發(fā)出 (煙、光、熱、氣味等 )14. give out發(fā)出 ;放出 (消息、聲音等 );用完 ,耗盡15. mind reader 能看透別人心思的人16. make a deal 達(dá)成協(xié)議 ,做成交易17.communicate with sb和某人交流18.be busy with sth忙于某事19.shake h

12、ands with sb和某人握手20.stare at sb/sth注視著某人 /某物21.stare into the distance凝視著遠(yuǎn)方22.request sb to do sth要求某人做某事23.request that sb (should) do要求某人做某事24.make a request for 要求 .25.at the request of sb應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求= at sb s request26.by request(of)按要求27.do sb a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙28.ask sb a favour請(qǐng)某人幫個(gè)忙29.in favour of贊成3

13、0.do sb a favor = do a favor for sb幫某人的忙31. lift up舉起 ;太高 ;吊起32. up and down 上上下下 up and down 前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwardsup and down處處= here and thereup and down來來往往= to and from33. by accident偶然地 ,無意地Module 41. experiment with sth. 用某物實(shí)驗(yàn)2. experiment on sth. 對(duì)某物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)3. carry outperf

14、ormconductan experiment 做實(shí)驗(yàn)domake4. make a breakthrough取得重大突破 (進(jìn)展 )5. convert A into/to B把 A 轉(zhuǎn)換成 B6. take the place of = replace取代 ,代替7. in place of取代 ,代替 (介詞短語 )8. instead of代替 ,而不是 (介詞短語 )9. a quantity of + 不可數(shù)名詞 ,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)10. quantities of+ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)quantities of+ 不可數(shù)名詞 ,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)11. bring up撫育

15、 ;教養(yǎng) ,嘔吐 ,提出 (話題等12. bring down降低bring about導(dǎo)致 ,引起bring back歸還 ;恢復(fù) ;回想)bring in賺 (錢);帶進(jìn) ;傳入13.search for 尋找14.search sb/sp搜查某人或某地15.in search of尋求 /尋找16.as a result of由于 .的結(jié)果as a result因此 ,結(jié)果17.owing tothanks to由于due tobecause of18.the key to的關(guān)鍵the answer to the question問題的答案notes to the text課文注釋an

16、end to the meeting會(huì)議的結(jié)束the entrance to the building大廈的入口19.export sth to出口某物到20.the second most important第二重要的21.be interested in對(duì)感興趣22.graduate from.從 .(地方 )畢業(yè)23.escape from (out of)+sp.從某地逃脫 ;逃走escape from reality逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)24.have a narrow escape九死一生25.a fire escape緊急出口 ;安全門26.clear up();27.be known for

17、./be known an,be known to28.earn one s living= make a livingget/gain a livinglive/lead e to power;30.take powerin power,out of one s power,= beyond one s power31.It is possible that.32.It s certain that. .=sb/sth is certain to doIt s certain that you ll succeed. = ?33.It s likely that.=s

18、b/sth is likely to doIt slikely that he is doing his homework. =34.It seems that=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret. =?35.at war在交戰(zhàn)中36.be diagnosed with被診斷出, 患有37.become the voice of成為的代言人38.partly because of一部分因?yàn)镸odule 51. surround sb withsb用某人包圍某人be surrounded by sb被某人所包圍in the su

19、rrounding2. a narrow escape3. in the distancefrom a distance在周圍環(huán)境九死一生在遠(yuǎn)處 ,在遠(yuǎn)方從一定距離 ,從遠(yuǎn)處at a distance在一定距離處,隔一段距離keep sb at a distance對(duì)某人冷淡;與某人保持距離4. at the edge of在 的邊緣（側(cè)重于在邊緣點(diǎn)上）on the edge of在邊緣上（側(cè)重在邊緣較廣闊的地域）5. at least = at the least至少6. not in the least = not all一點(diǎn)也不7. at most = at the most至多8. b

20、e heavy with有大量的9. make a detour繞道而行10.have four weeks off休四周假11.go through穿過 ;經(jīng)歷12.forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事13.forbid doing sth禁止做某事14.require to do sth要求去做某事15.require sb to do sth要求某人去做某事16.require that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事17.sth require doing某物需要被做= sth require to be done18.on a spot在現(xiàn)場(chǎng) ,

21、當(dāng)場(chǎng)19.rip off敲竹杠 ;敲詐20.rip sth off偷竊 ,盜取21.get a kick out of從中得到樂趣22.enjoy doing喜歡干 .23.be fond of.24.go in for,Module 61. attack sb with sth2. be attacked with a disease/3. make an attack on/upon4. a heart attack5. come into existence;6. a struggle for existence7. calm down( )8. sb. is unlikely to9.

22、 It is unlikely thatbe likely to.10.be related to,11.relate sth to sth.12.There happens to be13.There appears to be14.There seems to be15.have the fortune (luck) to do sth()16.make a fortune17.try one s fortune碰碰運(yùn)氣18.die out(家族、物種 )滅絕 ;滅亡 ;( 習(xí)俗等 ) 漸漸消失(火)逐漸熄滅19.throw light on幫助弄清楚 ;闡明某事20.come to li

23、ght暴露 ,被發(fā)現(xiàn) ,表現(xiàn)出來21.bring to light讓人知道 ,公布于世22.come straight to the point談?wù)} ;開門見山23.beside/off the point不切正題 ,無關(guān)緊要24.to the point切題 ,中肯25.be on the point of正要26.go for適用于 ,應(yīng)用于 ;喜歡 ,偏愛27.adapt oneself to使自己適應(yīng)于28.according to根據(jù)29.be connected with與 .有關(guān)系30.in order to = so as to為了本模塊重點(diǎn)語法一情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have + p

24、.p. 用法歸納1.must have done sth.肯定做了某事( 表示對(duì)過去的某事做出肯定的判斷)He knew the film.He must have seen it.2.may/mighthave done可能 /大概已經(jīng)做了某事（表示對(duì)過去情況的可能性推測(cè)）Tom may have bought a new pen because I don see the old one.3. can t/couldn havet done sth. 不可能已經(jīng)做了某事（表示對(duì)過去情況的否定性推測(cè)）The ground is dry, so it can havet rained last

25、night.4. should have done sth. 過去應(yīng)該做某事（而沒做）= ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier.5. shouldn t have done sth.過去不該做某事（卻做了）= oughtn t to have doneth. sShe is crying. You shouldn t have told her the sanews.6. could have done sth.本來能夠做（卻沒有做某事）7. needn t have done sth

26、原.來不必做某事（卻已經(jīng)做了）Tom has bought a new pen. You needn t have lenhim your pen.8. would rather have done sth. 本來想做某事 （卻未做成）I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的其他用法1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的推測(cè)2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be doing 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)碚谶M(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have bee

27、n doing表示對(duì)過去正在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)必修5 短語Module 1 .1.It is obvious (to sb.) that2.confuse A with/and B3.be confused by sth .從句對(duì)某人來說，是顯然的把A和B相混淆被 .搞糊涂了4.in pare. . .with. . .困惑的；困窘地和比較6.compare. . .epared to/with8.variety of=varieties of9.differ from sb./sth.10.differ in. . .把比作和相比（作狀語）各種各樣的與

28、某人或某物有區(qū)別， 相異在某方面不同11.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)和某人或某12.have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .13.have nothing/little in common with. . ./14.in common with sb./sth.15.make a difference16.make some difference to. . .17.make much difference to. . .18.make no difference to. . .19.be sim

29、ilar to20.be similar in21.have some/much difficultyindoing sth./22.have some/much difficulty with sth.23.with difficulty24.lead to sb.doing sth.25.lead sb.to do sth./事26.announce sth.to sb.向某人宣布某事=announce to sb.sth向某人宣布某事27.add. . .to. . .把 加到中28.add to增加29.add up. . .合計(jì)；加起來30.add up to. . .總計(jì)31.ma

30、ke an announcement發(fā)表聲明，通知32.at present現(xiàn)在；目前33.make an attempt to do sth.試圖做某事34.make an attempt at doing sth. 試圖（嘗試）做某事35.at one first attempt第一次嘗試36.attempt at（doing ）sth.嘗試（做）某事37.in favour of同意，支持，擁護(hù)38.do sb.a favour幫某人一個(gè)忙39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb請(qǐng)求某人幫忙40.in sb. favours有助于某人41.refer

31、to. . .as. . .稱為42.refer to參考43.make (a) reference (s) to提及，論及44.now (that)+ 句子由于；既然Module 21.to one satisfaction使某人感到滿意的是2.offer one s hand伸出手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb.為某人提供某物4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb.尊敬某人5.give/send my respects to sb.6.in all respects7.pass by8.pass away9.pass

32、down請(qǐng)代我向某人問好/致意無論從哪方面來看經(jīng)過；從旁經(jīng)過去世；（時(shí)間等）消磨掉，過去把一代傳一代；流傳10.pass on11.take. . .for granted12.take it/things easy13.take one s time14.in particular傳遞認(rèn)為.理所當(dāng)然輕松，放松慢慢來，不著急尤其，特別地15.be particular about/over. . .16.have an effect on. . .17.take up對(duì)講究 /挑剔對(duì)有影響站好位置以備18.when 用作并列連詞時(shí)，常用下列句型：（ 1） Sb.was about to do

33、sth.when. . .=Sb.was on the point of doing sth.when. . .某人正要干某事時(shí)，這時(shí) .(2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . .某人正在干某事時(shí)，這時(shí)(3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .某人剛干完某事時(shí)，這時(shí)19.apply (to sb.) for sth.20.applysth.to sth.()21.apply to. . .22.apply oneselyto.23.sth. require doing/to be done24.requiresb.to do sth.25.req

34、uire that. . .(should) do sth.26.in great demand27.meet/satisfy one s demang(s)28.demang to do sth.29.demand that. . .(should) do sth.30.in response to31.make/give a response to.32.make/give no response to/Module 31.on account of為2.on no account決不，在任何條件下都不3.take sth. into account=take account of sth

35、.把某事考慮在內(nèi)4.account for做出解釋，提出理由5. lie-lay-lain-lying平躺；位于Lay laid laid laying放置； 產(chǎn)卵6.The boy lying on the ground lied that his cocklaidan egg. 躺在地上的小男孩說他的公雞下了一只蛋。7.get into (a) panic陷入恐慌狀態(tài)8.be at/in a panic在恐慌中9.be curious about對(duì)好奇，感興趣10.out of curiosity出于好奇11.satisfy one curiosity滿足某人的好奇心12.have con

36、nection with與 有聯(lián)系 /有關(guān)聯(lián)13.have a direct/close/strong connection with與 有直接 /密切 /牢固的聯(lián)系 14.have sth./nothing to do with 與 有關(guān) /與 無關(guān)15.be related to與 有關(guān)16.to one astonishment令某人吃驚的是17.to one s surprise令某人吃驚的是18.to one s excitement令某人激動(dòng)的是19.to one s disappointment令人失望的是20.to one s sorrow令人難過的是21.to one s j

37、oy令人高興的是22.to one s satisfaction令人滿意的是23.warn sb.about/of sth.警告某人某事24.warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth 警告某人不要做某事25.be determined to do sth.決心做某事26.force sb.to do sth.=force o doing sth強(qiáng)迫某人做某事27.force sth.on/upon sb.把強(qiáng)加于某人28.play a trick on sb.拿某人開玩笑，捉弄某人29.make fun of sb.嘲笑某人；取笑

38、某人30.make up編造；組成；和解；化妝；彌補(bǔ)31.be/feel in the mood for(doing) sth=be/feel in the mood to do sth.有心情做某事32.in a bad/good mood情緒不好 /很好33.be set in以 為背景34.set off出發(fā)；引爆，使爆炸35.set out to do sth.開始做某事36.set about doing sth.開始 /著手做某事37.set sth.aside把某物放在一邊； 省出；38.set up建立；設(shè)立；創(chuàng)立39. resemblein在 方面像Module 41.hid

39、esth.fromsb.隱藏某物不讓人發(fā)現(xiàn)；對(duì)某人隱瞞某事2.come to an end3.put an end to4.bring. . .to an end5.in the end6.date back to=date from完結(jié)結(jié)束，終止使結(jié)束終于；最后追溯到，開始于7.dress up裝扮；打扮8.dress up as. . .9.dress up in red裝扮成穿上紅色的衣服10.dress sb.(oneself)11.be dress in white給某人穿衣穿著白色衣服12.make. . .with. . .用在做標(biāo)記13.make. . .on. .在上做記號(hào)1

40、4.consist of15.give up16.give away17.give back18.give in to19.give off20.give out向由組成；由構(gòu)成放棄贈(zèng)送歸還；恢復(fù)健康讓步，屈服于發(fā)出，放出（氣體，氣味等）分發(fā)（試卷等），筋疲力盡21.take in收留22.take off23.take on脫掉（衣服）；飛機(jī)（起飛）顯現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)（工作，責(zé)任等）24.take place發(fā)生25.take up開始從事；繼續(xù)，接下去26.There is/was no need for sb.to do某人沒有必要做27.There is no possibility that

41、. . .28.There is no doubt that. . .29.There is no point in doing sth.不可能 毫無疑問做某事沒有意義Module 51.retire from從 退休，從 退役2.perform one s promise履行承諾3.perform an operation on sb.給某人做手術(shù)4.have an advantage over比 有優(yōu)勢(shì)5.have an advantage in在 方面占優(yōu)勢(shì)6.take advantage of利用7.to sb s advantage對(duì)某人有利8.have the advantage of有 的優(yōu)勢(shì)9.give sb.a guarantee給某人保證 /承諾10.under guarantee在保修期