定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法

1、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞，是聯(lián)系先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的詞，屬于副詞。定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系副詞有三個(gè)： when, where 和 why ， 它們?cè)诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中分別作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ)。其句法結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1. 表時(shí)間的名詞 + when + 定語(yǔ)從句when 指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。例句： i still remember the day when i first came to beijing.i ll never forget the day when i joined the army.2. 表地點(diǎn)的名詞 + where + 定語(yǔ)從句where 指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。例句

2、： the factory where his father works is in the west of the city.this is the house where i lived two years ago.3. 表原因的名詞 reason + why + 定語(yǔ)從句 (why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。)例句： that is the reason why i did the job.( 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中 why 可以省略 )上句也可以這樣表示： that is the reason i did the job.又如： this was th

3、e reason (why )we raised the temperature.關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法看似簡(jiǎn)單，以下注意點(diǎn)不可忽視：1) when7 where”不why”的運(yùn)用取就于表時(shí)間的名詞、表地點(diǎn)的名詞和表原因的名詞 reason 在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成分，比較下面的幾組句子：* i will never forget the day when i first met you on the beach.* i will never forget the days which/that we spent together in xueyao middle school.* *this

4、 is the hospital where my mother works.* *this is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.* *the reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill.* *this is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) when where”不pwhy”都可以替換成“介詞 + which；介詞的選用 取就于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞。例如：d

5、o you still remember the day on which we first met in nantong?(on which=when)this is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)do you know the reason for which he refused to go to mary s birthday party. (for which=why) 有時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句中介詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞有意義緊密的修飾關(guān)系， 尤其在非限 制性定語(yǔ)從句中，常使用“介詞 + which ”結(jié)構(gòu)，而不使用關(guān)系副詞。例如

6、：精品資料my mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.at night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.3) 關(guān)系副詞“ when 、” “where ”既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。例如： i will always remember the day when i first visited the great wall.he came to shanghai i

7、n 1980, when he was only 12.i don t know the exact spot where they will meet.mr wang will fly to beijing, where he will stay for three months.有時(shí)關(guān)系副詞“ when 、” “where ”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞有間隔的現(xiàn)象，是為了平衡句子的語(yǔ)法需要。do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when i came toyour house and borrowed a diamond necklace

8、?the days are gone forever when the chinese people used “foreign oil. ”.4) that”可活用為關(guān)系副詞，相當(dāng)于when, where、why”和“介詞 which ”結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其在“ the time when ”等結(jié)構(gòu)中的“ when ”常被“ that ”代替，而且“ that ”往往省略。i may leave here any time i want to.during the time i was there i visited him twice.this is my second time i have co

9、me to your country.5) “which ”有時(shí)可用作關(guān)系形容詞，這是“ which ”在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的特殊使用，如：the doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow.精品資料定語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1 this is the placejohn was born?a which b where c. when d that2 . he is the only person i want to talk to.a. that b. which c. who d. whose3 is

10、this problem the teacher explained last week?a the one b that c which d one4 the high building stand four policemen is the policestation a which b that c in front of it d. in front of which5 my mother will give mary a model plane she will like toplaya which b that c for which d with which6 the film

11、brought the hours back to mei was taken goodcare of in that far away village.a until b that c when d where7 there are timesi wonder why i do this job a as b while c which d when8 after living in london for thirty years ， mr smith returned to the small townhe grew up as a child a which b where c that

12、 d when9 they had a long talk about the persons and things theyboth knew a whom b what c. that d which10 that is the very booki am looking for.a that b which c what d as11 who is the scientistis going to give us a talk on space thissunday?a that b who c. which d whom12 i dont like the wayyou speak t

13、o your teacher ab in that c. which d of which13 could you tell me when to get the booki want to read?a what b who c d it14 the days we spent in tokyo together will never beforgotten.a. when b which c who d on which15 a pen friend of minei often receive letters asked me for精品資料some chinese coins.a wh

14、o b whom c to who d from whom16 . dont forget the day you were admitted to beijinguniversity.a when b that c at which d. where17 perhaps this is the only shop you can get such cheapgoods.a. that b of which c by which d where18 i can still remember the place my brother and i used tosit in the evening

15、.a which b what c .that d where19 is often the case, we have worked out the productionplan.a. which b. when c. what d. as20 all is needed is a supply of oil.a. the thing b. what c. that d. which21 he was seriously ill when he was a child, made him losehis sight.a. as b. that c. which d. it22 in the

16、dark street, there wasn t a single person he couldturn for help.a. that b. to whom c. who d. from whom23 he told the same story i told.a. that b. which c. as d. it24 the best work is that tom has done.a. it b. which c. when d. where25 . the first thing we should do is to water the flowers in frontof

17、 the room.a. which b. as c. what d. that26 . any girls _ knew him were teachers.a. where b. that c. they d. whom27 . the house fell and hurt a woman and her dog _ were just passing by.a. which b. as c. that d. who28 that is the hotel we stayed last year.a. in that b. in which c. why d. at which29 .

18、this is the reason we made mr li headmaster of ourschool.a. where b. when c. before d. why30 . the student who does well in his lesson is the monitor _ is very modest and studies hard.a. who b. that c. as d. which答案與簡(jiǎn)析：1 b. 先行詞是地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。2 . a. 先行詞被 the only, the very, the last 等修飾時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞常用 t

19、hat 。 3 a. 缺少先行詞，故選 a, 作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞省略。4 d 介詞 +關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。5 d. play with 是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故選with which 。6 c 先行詞為時(shí)間名詞hours ，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。7 d 先行詞為時(shí)間名詞times ，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。8 b 先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞，在定語(yǔ)從句從中作狀語(yǔ)。9 c 先行詞包含人和物，關(guān)系代詞只能用that 。10 a. 先行詞被 the very 修飾，關(guān)系代詞只能用 that 。11 a. who 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中含有定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞只能用 that , 以免重 復(fù)。12 a. way 為先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用 that 或 in which 或不填。13 c 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指物，可以用 that 或 which 或不填。14 b spent 是及物動(dòng)詞，關(guān)系代詞which 作其賓語(yǔ)。15 d receive a letter from sb 收到某人的來(lái)信，先行詞為人，故選fromwhom 。16 a. 先行詞為時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),表示何時(shí)進(jìn)入北大。17 d. 先行詞為地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。18 . d. 先行詞為地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)。19 . d. as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置比較靈活， 可置于句首， 亦可置于句中，亦可置于句尾。 as 常作賓語(yǔ)或