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1、.現(xiàn)在進行時1現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成為:be動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞特別注意:現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成形式2現(xiàn)在進行時的用法表示現(xiàn)在(說話瞬間)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。如:What is he doing?他正在干什么?He is watching TV.他正在看電視。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。(說話時不一定正在做)如:They are picking apples on a farm these days.這些天他們一直在農(nóng)場摘蘋果。go,come,leave,arrive等表示位置移動的詞通常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來。如:He is leaving for Japan tomorrow.他明天
2、要前往日本。現(xiàn)在進行時常用的時間狀語:now,all the time,these days,this year,at the moment等?!纠?】 Are your parents at home,Jane?(2013,濟南)No,they_taking a walk in the park.Ado Bare Cwill Dhave解析:現(xiàn)在進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)為“be現(xiàn)在分詞”,該處缺少be動詞。答案:_B_【例6】 Be quiet!The other students_Asleep BsleptCare sleeping Dsleeping解析:根據(jù)語境可知句意“保持安靜,其他學(xué)生正在睡覺
3、”,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進行時。答案:_C_一、單項選擇。1Look,the set of keys _C_ on the teachers desk.(2014,安順)Aare Bwere Cis Dwas2My husband always _B_ me flowers every week before we got married but now he never _(2014,呼和浩特)Asends;does Bsent;doesCwas going to send;do Dsent;do3I saw Ken in the meeting room,he _D_ Joe for the sch
4、ool magazine.(2014,河北)Ainterviews BinterviewedChas interviewed Dwas interviewing4Youre in a hurry.Where are you going?(2014,江西)To the cinema.Sue _C_ for me outside.Awaits BwaitedCis waiting Dwas waiting5Do you think grandpa and grandma _B_ late?No,the train is usually on time.(2014,蘇州)Awere Bwill be
5、Cwas Dhave been6The Amazing Spider Man 2 is on these days.Its fantastic.Really?But I _C_ it yet.(2014,湖州)Adidnt see Bwont seeChavent seen Dam not seeing7Jim isnt in the classroom.Where is he now?He _C_ the library.(2014,濱州)Awill go to Bhas been toChas gone to Dgoes to8The zoo keeper is worried becau
6、se the number of visitors _C_ smaller and smaller.Abecome Bare becomingCis becoming Dhave become9So you have watched the action movie,havent you?Yes.I _B_ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theatre.(2014,紹興)Awatch BwatchedCwill watch Dam watching10Can you find our city _A_ a lot in recent years?(2014,泰安)Y
7、es.The road is wider and the buildings are taller.Ahas changed BchangesCchanged Dwill change1. 短語動詞的辨析;2. 英語句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu);3. 初中階段主要句型的用法?!久麕燑c睛】短語動詞是中考的重要內(nèi)容之一。在初中階段,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了不少短語動詞,把他們加以歸納總結(jié),進行重點復(fù)習(xí)是十分必要的。英語中有許多短語動詞在意義上是一個整體,其用法有的相當(dāng)于及物動詞,有的相當(dāng)于不及物動詞,有的兼有及物動詞和不及物動詞的特征。1. 短語動詞的分類(1)動詞介詞常見的有l(wèi)ook for, look after
8、, ask for, laugh at, hear of 等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。如:Dont laugh at others.Tom asked his parents for a bike.(2)動詞副詞常見的有g(shù)ive up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in,等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是名詞,既可放在副詞前邊,又可放在副詞后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞,則要放在副詞前邊。如:Youll hand in your homework tomorrow.Please dont forget to hand it in.(3)動詞副
9、詞介詞常見的有 go on with, catch up with等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如:Go on and Ill catch up with you in five minutes.After a short rest, he went on withhisresearch work.(4)動詞名詞介詞常見的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如:You should pay attention to your handwriting.We shoul
10、d make full use of our time.(5)動詞形容詞常見的有l(wèi)eave open, set free, cut open等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是名詞,則賓語可放在形容詞的前邊,也可放在后邊;賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞,則必須放在形容詞前邊。如:The prisoners were set free.He cut itopen.(6)動詞名詞常見的有take place, make friends等。這類短語動詞用作不及物動詞。如:Thisstory took place three years ago.I make friends with a lot of peop
11、le.2. 短語動詞的辨析(1)be made in(在生產(chǎn)或制造),be made of(由組成或構(gòu)成)(2)come down(下來;落),come along(來;隨同),come to oneself(蘇醒),come true(實現(xiàn)),come out(花開;發(fā)芽;出現(xiàn);出來),come over(過來;順便來訪),come in(進來),come on(來吧;跟著來;趕快), come up with(找到;提出)(3)do ones best(盡最大努力), do well in(在干得好), do ones homework(做作業(yè)),do some reading(閱讀)(4
12、)fall asleep(入睡),fall behind(落在。.后面),fall off(從掉下),fall down(到下;跌倒)(5)get down(下來;落下),get on(上車),get to(到達),get up(起床),get back(回來;取回),get off(下來),get onwellwith(與相處融洽),get married(結(jié)婚),get together(相聚)(6)give up(放棄),givea hand(給與幫助),give a concert(開音樂會)(7)go back(回去),go on(繼續(xù)),go home(回家),go to o be
13、d(睡覺),go over(過一遍;仔細(xì)檢查),go out(外出;到外面),go wrong(走錯路),go on doing(繼續(xù)做某事),go shopping(買東西),go boating(去劃船), go fishing(去釣魚),go hiking(去徒步旅行),go skating(去滑冰),go straight along(沿著一直往前走)(8)have a look(看一看), have a seat(坐下), have supper(吃晚餐), have a rest(休息), have sports(進行體育活動), have a cold(感冒), have a c
14、ough(咳嗽), have a good time(過得愉快), have a headache(頭痛),have a try(嘗試;努力)(9)look for(尋找),look out(留神; 注意),look over(仔細(xì)檢查),look up(向上看;抬頭看),look after(照顧; 照看),look at(看; 觀看),look like(看起來像),look the same(看起來像),(10)make friends(交朋友),make phone calls(打電話),make money(賺錢),make the bed(整理床鋪),make a noise(吵鬧
15、),make a faces(做鬼臉),make ones way to(往走去),make room for(給騰出地方),make a decision(做出決定),make a mistake(犯錯誤),make up ones mind(下決心)(11)put on(上演;穿上;戴上),put up(掛起;舉起),put down(把某物放下來),put away(把某物收起來), put off(推遲)(12)take off(脫掉衣服),take photos(照相),take time(花費時間),take out(取出),take a seat(坐下),take an acti
16、ve part in(積極參加),take care of(照顧;照料;注意),take exercise(做運動),take ones place(坐某人的位置;代替某人的職務(wù)),take turn(輪流)(13)talk about(談話;交談),talk with(和交談)(14)turn on(打開電燈,收音機,煤氣,自來水等),turn off(關(guān)上電燈,收音機,煤氣,自來水等),turn down(關(guān)?。徽{(diào)低),turnover(把。.翻過來)(15)think of(認(rèn)為;想起),think about(考慮)3.句子的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)句子所用動詞的不同,句子可歸納為五個基本句型
17、。(1)主語+連系動詞+表語。例如:My mother is a doctor.Her voice sounds nice.(2)主語+不及物動詞。例如:He runs fast.We study hard.(3)主語+及物動詞+賓語。例如:Children often sing this song.He studies English.1)常用-ing形式, 而不用不定式作賓語的動詞有:enjoy, finish, feel like, consider, practise, keep, suggest, mind等。例如:She enjoys reading novels and swim
18、ming.I finished reading the book last night.2)常用不定式,而不用-ing形式作賓語的動詞有:wish, hope, agree, plan, decide, refuse等。例如:Where do wish to sit?Tom agreed to lend some money.3)有些及物動詞既可用不定式,由可用-ing形式作賓語,但意義不同。這類動詞常見的有:remember, forget等。例如:Please remember to post the letter for me.請記住替我發(fā)了這封信。I remember posting
19、the letter.我記得那封信寄過了。Stop的用法同上面的詞相仿,不過stop后面跟不定式不是作賓語,而是作狀語。試比較下列句子:He stopped to smoke. 他停下來吸煙。He stopped smoking. 他停止吸煙了。4)有些及物動詞的賓語,既可用不定式,又可用-ing形式,意義基本相同。這類動詞常見的有:like, love, hate, begin, start, continue等。例如:I like to swim in summer.I like swimming in summer.(4)主語+及物動詞+ 間接賓語+直接賓語。例如:My father b
20、ought me a newbike.He gave me an apple.1)及物動詞之后跟有雙賓語,往往一個指人,一個指物。指人的為間接賓語,指物的為直接賓語。一般情況下,間接賓語在前,直接賓語在后。如果要把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后,間接賓語前需加介詞。例如:Please pass me a cup of tea.= Please pass a cup of tea to me.Show me your new book, please. =Please show your new book to me.2)把間接賓語放在直接賓語之后,間接賓前有時加介詞to, 有時加介詞for,這主要取決于謂語動詞。一般在動詞give, tell, sell, lend, show之后加to。在動詞buy, make, get等之后加for。例如:Would you lend me your dictionary, please? =Would you l
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