高中英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣公開課精品課件-最全版（經(jīng)典實(shí)用）

1、 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣: : 陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈 使語(yǔ)氣和使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 2.2. 定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)， 或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的的 情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的 語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn) 1.1.一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法； 2.2.條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝； 3.3.名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法；名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法； 4.4.狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的

2、用法；狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法； 5.5.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法；幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法； 6.6.虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定。虛擬語(yǔ)氣與陳述語(yǔ)氣的判定。 一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 時(shí)時(shí) 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句 過(guò)去過(guò)去had done would should +have done sth could might 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞 be用用 were 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 用用 did would should + do sth could might 將來(lái)將來(lái) did / were should do were to do wou

3、ld should + do sth could Might 1.一般條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣一般條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 2. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened. 3. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 4. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與

4、過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing. 6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools. 7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life. 與未來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反與未來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反 If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. don

5、t C. wouldnt D. cant 2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able

6、 B C A 2.2.條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝；條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的倒裝； 條件從句中含有條件從句中含有should，were， had 三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞 可將其放在句首，并把可將其放在句首，并把if省略。省略。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there sh

7、ould be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do? 3. 混合混合(時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜)型虛擬語(yǔ)氣：型虛擬語(yǔ)氣： 假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句 所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件 虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照 假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing stil

8、l better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital. without和和but for構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。 Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert. 4. 含蓄虛擬條件句：含蓄虛

9、擬條件句： If it were not (had not been) for 5. 虛實(shí)結(jié)合條件句。虛實(shí)結(jié)合條件句。 She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I f

10、orgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless. 真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣 + otherwise/or + 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 + but + 真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣 名詞從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法名詞從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1）wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 wish 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在： 過(guò)去：過(guò)去： 未來(lái)：未來(lái)： 過(guò)去時(shí) (did/were) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) (had done) would/could/might+V. I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I ha

11、dnt made such a mistake. (過(guò)去過(guò)去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未來(lái)未來(lái)) 1. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 2）表示堅(jiān)持，命令，要求，建議的動(dòng)詞后）表示堅(jiān)持，命令，要求，建議的動(dòng)詞后 賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist 兩個(gè)命令：兩個(gè)命令：order, command 三個(gè)建議：三個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, propose 四個(gè)要求：四個(gè)要求：demand , require, request, desire 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬

12、語(yǔ)氣這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用使用should + should + 動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原 形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。 我們建議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。 他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。 國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest. He insisted that I (should) be present. The king orde

13、red that the prisoners (should) be executed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there. 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主 語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）也要使用虛擬 語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。語(yǔ)氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, propos

14、al, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down. 2. 主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1）Its essential /necessary /strange/ natural/

15、important + that - 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬， 即即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 3. Its necessary that we should study hard. 2）Its a pity/ no wonder + that - 從句中從句中 的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，表示驚訝，遺憾，惋惜的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，表示驚訝，遺憾，惋

16、惜 等感情色彩，即等感情色彩，即should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 1.It is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer. 2. It is no wonder that John should have won the game. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 A、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在動(dòng)詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve

17、 (值得提及) 后 需用 should 型的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 考題點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊： The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish 2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. have D. had had B C B、主語(yǔ)從句中

18、的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 基本句型：基本句型： It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考題點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊： 1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination? A. takesB. h

19、as to takeC. must takeD. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told D B C、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬 語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to at

20、tend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考題點(diǎn)擊：考題點(diǎn)擊： His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try A 狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法狀語(yǔ)從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法 1）as if /as though 現(xiàn)在： 過(guò)去： 過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) He looks as if he were drunk. They talked as if t

21、hey had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 2）in case, for fear that, lest 等引導(dǎo)的等引導(dǎo)的 虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. 2. I will not make a nois

22、e for fear that I should disturb you. I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me. 常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他句型常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他句型 1. would rather that - 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在： 過(guò)去：過(guò)去： 未來(lái)：未來(lái)： I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you had gone, too. (過(guò)去過(guò)去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來(lái)未來(lái)) 過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去時(shí)

23、 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 2. If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了！ If only our parents could live with us! If only I hadnt missed the train! 3. Its high time +that - should +V. 過(guò)去

24、時(shí) 你該走了。 我們?cè)撍X(jué)了。 Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go. Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed. 陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣 典型例題典型例題 5) The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 6) - Would you have called her up _

25、 possible? - Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would be B 該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖窃摼錇殛愂稣Z(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖?will be put off。真。真 實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。 問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用 would have called, 從從 句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞

26、形式為句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示 的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 A 高考題點(diǎn)擊高考題點(diǎn)擊 7) You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today

27、if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(02 上海) A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 前句用的是陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；后句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣， 表示與過(guò)去相反。 B B 該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而從句中使用的是與 過(guò)去相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。全句意思為“如果我不在七歲時(shí)迷上了我 們家鄉(xiāng)的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天會(huì)做什么。” 經(jīng)典題目經(jīng)典題目 1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would k