ExplorethedevelopmentofcivilsocietyinChina_234

1、Explore the development of civil society in China Abstract: Since the reform and opening up the market economy has grown, and our citizens and society has its own developmental mechanisms and growth environment, and rapidly developed, despite its far from perfect, but to adapt to societys historical

2、 trends. Chinas civil society through the emergence, development, and its current stage of development facing the dilemma to analyze the development trend of Chinas civil society. Keywords: civil society; civil society organizations; government; monitoring mechanism One of Chinas civil society, the

3、emergence, development and significance of 1.1 The emergence of civil society in China With some developed Western countries is different from my country has experienced a long feudal society, in which a highly centralized state power under the system of royal rule, there is no society concept, the

4、people nor the rights and freedoms, civil society, the political annihilation the integration of life reality. The early Qing Dynasty, although the emergence of gang organization, but they are not the true sense of the civil society organizations. And to the late Qing Dynasty, Chinas only appeared i

5、n some of the more active civil society organizations, and the development of history may have played active role in promoting this period can be described as non-governmental organizations, civil society taking shape in China. Founding of new China in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party came to power

6、 after the implementation of public-owned economy and planned economy, the implementation of highly centralized political system, so that in 1949, that arose prior to all civil society organizations is almost completely disappear. From this after three decades, the development of civil society organ

7、izations in China have been suppressed by the government, which largely blocked the formation of our civil society. The reform and opening up, China has established a market economic system, it gave an impetus to the diversity of Chinese society, from the unitary transformation is, indeed, the growt

8、h of civil society in our country and laid the material foundation. The peoples increasing material and cultural needs are constantly increasing, various social interest groups came into being. In addition, with the economic system reform, Chinas political system has undergone major changes, the rul

9、e of law society, continuously improve, the Government decentralization of social change in the previous Central Government was highly centralized political system, a fundamental change in the political environment also the development of civil society into the of the birth dose, civil society to gr

10、ow up quickly. 1.2 Development of Chinas civil society organizations Non-governmental organizations, civil society, blood, growth of civil society depends on the maturity of civil society organizations and development. The so-called civil society, referring to the state or government all but non-gov

11、ernmental organizations or civil society relations, the sum is a non-governmental public domain. Prior to 1999, Chinas civil society organizations only social groups, followed by a large number of private non-enterprise organizations began to emerge in 2003, the establishment of various types of fou

12、ndations have also enriched the civil society organizations, especially in the last 15 years, the size of Chinas civil society organizations are constantly expanding. China is not only nongovernmental organizations, including community groups, private nonenterprise units, but also in the past has be

13、en defined by peoples organizations and residents associations, Chinas non-governmental organizations covering all aspects of society, penetrating into the society in various fields. The comprehensive development of civil society organizations not only to meet members of society at all levels of nee

14、ds, but also put up a bridge between government and citizens; not only safeguarded the interests of this group, but also for the socialist modernization drive has played a huge role in promoting. 1.3 The emergence of civil society, the great significance of Chinas social development With the constan

15、t improvement of the socialist market economy, political reform and growing in depth, the Government, the relationship between society and the market will adjust, while the civil society in the role of government and the market will become increasingly large, it will become for social progress are c

16、rucial drivers of its development of socialism with Chinese characteristics has great significance. First of all, the comprehensive development of civil society is conducive to the re-orientation of Chinas governmental functions. The planned economy period, regardless of our government and society,

17、the Government has arranged all the social affairs, not only can not take into account the specific particularities of each region, but also led to expansion of our government agencies, passing the buck, the efficiency is low, to society caused tremendous waste of resources. Chinas civil society org

18、anizations involved in science, education, culture, health, environment and other fields, the Government handed over to them a number of social affairs to complete, will help the Government to concentrate on things that need government to do, efficiency would also beImprove . Beneficial functions of

19、 the government gradually from control-type to boot-type conversion. Secondly, the continuous improvement of civil society is conducive to political participation of the members of our society. Civil society non-governmental organizations to assume some of the social management functions, which mean

20、s the state and society or between the Government and the public good cooperation. Citizens through a variety of interest groups to express their own interests and demands of the leadership of civil society organizations by joining the NPC and the CPPCC to participate in the way of peoples congresse

21、s to reflect the demands of these interests to the relevant departments in order to achieve their organizational goals, so as to achieve members of society, the purpose of political participation. Again, help make up for the states financial input to the lack of social and public affairs, optimizing

22、 the allocation of resources. At present, the problem of insufficient funds plagued China for social education and health care, inadequate investment, while the nongovernmental organizations through its social appeal, mobilizing community participation in social development, and help the Government

23、to solve some social problems, help to fill the government with the on social development in under-funded. Finally, the maturation of civil society to enhance the citizens political identity is conducive to Chinas socialist core value system was established. Citizens through voluntary participation

24、in certain social welfare organizations, such as the Chinese Young Volunteers Association, hoping to increase their engineering sense of social responsibility, which helps members of the community of individuals from within the formation of good value-oriented, as a fundamental the establishment of

25、Chinas socialist value system. 2 at this stage the plight of Chinas development of civil society 2.1 The non-governmental organizations and the government administrative affiliation Produced in China since the civil society organizations from the executive with a strong color. A part of them directl

26、y from the party and government was founded, while others directly from these agencies into its subsidiary organizations of civil society. Although this feature is a special historical background of Chinas inevitable, but it is to contain Chinas establishment of a real civil society. This feature ha

27、s a non-governmental organizations can not act independently, they can not be in the middle between state and society to play its due role in zone. 2.2 The non-governmental organizations and the Government there is a certain dependency Since some civil society organizations and some party and govern

28、ment organs of administrative affiliation, it will lead to a certain degree of dependency. In China, the government either through legal means against those who are regarded as illegal and non-governmental organizations, but also can promote the public or a waiver of these organizations, or to consc

29、iously transform the way activities in order to meet the Governments wishes. According to regulations, non-governmental organizations set up a business premise is to find the competent authority, and its sole legal representative of that government agencies and their authorized organization. Althoug

30、h they last from the organization from the executive authorities, but still has a very close between the two linked. China and some Western countries, due to class divisions led to the state and society in a state of confrontation. Our country is led by the working class with a modern socialist coun

31、try with Chinese characteristics, the Chinese Communist Party is the ruling party, on behalf of the entire class, the entire nation and the interests of the whole country, in order to achieve a common purpose, the existence of society in the form of organization must be subject to his leadership and

32、 guidance in accordance with their activities on the right, so society and the state must in large direction consistent. This means that Chinas civil society and the State is a kind of new relationship with Chinese characteristics. However, the development of things always has its twosided nature of

33、 this relationship is also virtually tied in the development of civil society in China. 2.3 Chinas civil society organizations access threshold is too high This stage, the Registration of Social Organizations Regulations and private non-enterprise unit Management Ordinance is a registered non-govern

34、mental organizations in Chinas major laws and regulations, including civil society organizations access to the conditions of strict requirements. Too high a threshold for access to most of the community who are interested in the service of civil society organizations in the system refused to outside

35、 them, or choose to register the business sector in order to be accepted by society, or in the cracks in self-development, the formation of grass-roots organizations, Debu to any policy benefits. This bypasses the national system outside the organizational model is difficult to be accepted by societ

36、y is not conducive to the organization work is not conducive to the development and strengthening of civil society organizations. 2.4 The monitoring mechanism of the imperfect Since the reform and opening up, Chinas rapid development of civil society organizations, and bear some of the functions of

37、government decentralization, but a part of civil society organizations have not the capacity to undertake these functions, in the activity exists in non-standard, leading some of the leaders of civil society organizations the opportunity to seek self-interest. As the Chinese Government on the regula

38、tion of nongovernmental organizations do not have a specific law and regulations, community supervision is weak, the lack of organizational selfsustainability and other factors, often resulting in a lack of oversight by civil society organizations can not play its due role, or even contrary to their

39、 organization the purpose of the event. 3 Development Trend of Chinas civil society, 3.1 Construction of the independence of civil society organizations Of civil society needs the state of cultivation, a good institutional environment for the healthy growth of its security, given our unique situatio

40、n, my Government can from the following aspects to ensure its independence. (1) The State recognizes the independence of civil society, and civil society to provide a system of legal protection, it has a legitimate system space. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/ (2) The State

41、of the civil society necessary intervention and regulation. Such intervention and regulation is not through political means, but from the legal and economic means to carry out; In addition, areas of state intervention and regulation is not a civil society can be managed on their own by laws and regu

42、lations of the area, but the inability to self-regulating civil society macro, or on areas of interest to society as a whole. 3.2 reduce the access threshold to ensure that the social status of non-governmental organizations The appropriate non-governmental organizations to reduce the access thresho

43、ld for registration to facilitate their healthy development within the system. On the one hand, access to the legal status of civil society organizations can benefit from government support, which is conducive to the organization to achieve a multiplying effect; the other hand, registered civil soci

44、ety organizations more easily recognized by society and concerns, to facilitate the establishment of a sound social foundation, which to better serve the community. 3.3 The non-governmental organizations to establish a sound regulatory system (1) external oversight. First, the legal supervision. The

45、 establishment of a special non-governmental organizations monitoring the Law, of different nature, different sectors of civil society organizations to conduct a detailed program specification, to avoid the supervision of a mere formality. The non-governmental organizations monitoring the process is

46、 built into the legal system, civil society organizations monitoring system of the most fundamental and most important step. Second, the government oversight. Governments non-governmental organizations, as well as the financial situation of the economic system through the tax authorities to monitor

47、to ensure that civil society organizations in the country is acting within the scope of the laws and regulations. Again, public opinion. The news media and the network has become one of the vehicles the government more transparent, while the nongovernmental organizations purpose is to serve the comm

48、unity, which also has a public nature, should be the communitys attention. A strong public opinion not only on the formation of strong civil society organizations bound by urging it does not deviate from the purpose of the organization, but also to strengthen the supervision of the public consciousn

49、ess, produce some other monitoring system can not replace the role of public oversight. (2) Internal oversight. First of all, improve the organization of rules, regulations is the basis for self-monitoring within the organization, the personnel within the organization must act in strict accordance w

50、ith the rules of the organization, the organizations activities must follow the procedures to ensure that all aspects of the organization are in line with legal requirements. Second, the regular inhouse training of staff so that they clear the nature of their work, attitudes and the formation of a strong professional ethics and responsibility, urging them to estab