小升初英語介詞專項(xiàng)

1、介詞一定義。介詞是英語中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語構(gòu)成介詞短語。同一個(gè)介 詞常和不同的詞語搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。二分類介詞按結(jié)構(gòu)大致分為以下三類：1. 簡(jiǎn)單介詞（ simple prepositions ） 如：about ，at，by，under，of，over.2. 符合介詞（ compound prepositions） 如：inside，into，outside，without3. 短語介詞（ phrasal prepositions ） 如： in front of ，because of，according to，三用法at1 表示時(shí)刻 ： i

2、go to school at seven every day 我每天早上 7 點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。2 表示在某一具體地點(diǎn)（小地點(diǎn)） ： he is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽車站。3 表示動(dòng)作的方向、目標(biāo) ： let me have a look at the picture 讓我看看這幅圖。4 用于某些固定搭配 ： at once 立刻、馬上 at last 最后at the same time 同時(shí) at first 開始時(shí)not at all 一點(diǎn)也不about1 表示大約時(shí)間 ： its about six oclock 現(xiàn)now.在大約6 點(diǎn)鐘了。2 表示

3、地點(diǎn)；在 周圍： everything about me is so beautiful 我周圍的一切都那么美好。3 關(guān)于，對(duì)于 ： we are talking about the news. 我們正在談?wù)撔侣劇? 用于某些固定搭配：talk about 談?wù)?think about 考慮 what/how about 怎么樣after1 在 之后 ： after dinner i watch tv. 晚飯后我看電視。2 在 后面 ： he came into the room after me. 他在我后面進(jìn)了房間。behind1 在 之后 ： there is a bike behind

4、 the tree. 樹后有一輛自行車2 比 晚，遲于 ： the train is behind time. 火車晚點(diǎn)了by1 在 旁： he is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床邊。2 到 時(shí)候： we have learned three english songs by now. 到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了三首英文 歌曲。3 以 方式 ： i go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。4 用于某些固定搭配： one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè) by the way 順便說一句for1 為，給，替 ： ill make a card for my t

5、eacher. 我要給老師做張卡片。2 由于 ： thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫我。3 表示給（某人）用的： there is letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。4 用于某些固定搭配： be good for 對(duì).有好處 be bad for 對(duì).有害thank you for. 感謝 be late for 遲到 look for 尋找1in1 在 里面 ： the pencil is in the desk. 鉛筆在課桌里。2 在一段時(shí)間里 ： we have four classes in the morning. 我們上午有四節(jié)課。3 用，以

6、： whats this in english? 這用英語怎么說？4 在某一年份，季節(jié)，月份 ： in 2002, in spring, in january5 表示狀態(tài)，服飾 ： helen is in yellow. 海倫身穿黃色衣服。6 在 方面 ： he is weak in english. 他的英語不行。7 用于某些固定搭配 ： in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time 及時(shí)in bed 臥床 in the sun 陽光下 in class 課上 in english 用英語like1 像 樣： he looks like his father.

7、他像他的父親。2 這樣，那樣 ： dont look at me like that. 別那樣看著我。3 怎樣： whats the weather like? 天氣怎樣。4 用于某些固定搭配：look like 看起來像 sound like 聽起來像near靠近，在 附近： my bed is near the window. 我的床在窗戶旁。of1 的（表示所屬關(guān)系）： this is a photo of my family. 這是一張我家的照片。2 的（用于所有格） ： he is a friend of mine. 他是我的一個(gè)朋友。3 表示數(shù)量（與連詞連用） ： one of u

8、s is from beijing. 我們中有一個(gè)來自北京4 想到，談到 ： i often think of them. 我常常想到他們。5 用于某些固定搭配 ： of course 當(dāng)然 because of 因?yàn)椋捎趏n1 在 上面 ： there are some apple on the tree. 樹上有些蘋果。2 在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上） ：they go to english class on sunday. 星期天他們?nèi)ド嫌⒄Z課。i left beijing on the morning of may 1. 我在 5 月 1 日早上離開北京。用于某些固定搭配

9、： on duty 值日 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)over1 在 正上方 ： there is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盞燈。2 遍及，穿過 ： there is a bridge over the river. 有座橋橫跨那條河。3 超過，不止 ： she is a little over 2. 她兩歲多了。to1 到，往，向 ： he walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。2 表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量 ，到為止 please count from ten to thirty. 請(qǐng)從 10 數(shù)到 30. 向，對(duì)，給： happy new year to y

10、ou all. 大家新年好。用于某些固定搭配： from.to. 從.到. too.to. 太.不能.underwhats under your desk? 你書桌底下是什么？with和 ： could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家嗎？2表示伴隨狀態(tài)，帶有 ： whos that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰？ 三、 介詞的固定搭配1)介詞和名詞的連用 2)動(dòng)詞和介詞的連用 3)形容詞和介詞連用atarrive at/in 到達(dá)=get to=reachat first 起初；開始 at dinner 在吃晚飯at last 最后 a

11、t night 在深夜at school 在上學(xué) at home 在家；無拘束laugh at 嘲笑 at present 現(xiàn)在at work 上班，在工作 look at 看.be good at 擅長(zhǎng). at once 立刻onget off/on 上/下車on duty 值日on holiday 度假on the left/right 在左/右邊 on foot 步行put on 穿上on tv 在電視上播放on one s way home 在我回家路上 turn on/off 打開/關(guān)掉on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)on the radio 在廣播中on sale 出售；降價(jià)出售on the

12、farm 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)on the phone 在電話中inbe interested in 對(duì)感興趣 in class 在課堂上 in english 用英語 in bed 臥床in hospital 住院in the middle 在中間in the day 在白天 do well in 擅長(zhǎng)in the sun 在陽光下forwait for 等待 be late for 在look for 尋找 thank you for 感謝be good/bad for 對(duì).有益/有害 whats for lunch? 午飯吃什么？withhelp sb. with sth. 幫助某人. be busy

13、 with 忙于.see with our eyes 用眼睛看 write with a pen 用鋼筆寫be strict with 對(duì).要求嚴(yán)格 talk with 和. 談?wù)?）其他look like 看起來象. hear from 收到.來信learn from 向.學(xué)習(xí) turn up/down 調(diào)大/小音量listen to 聽. get up 起床too.to.太.不能.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一選擇填空，并把其字母編號(hào)寫在括號(hào)內(nèi)。( ) 1. its time _ supper.a. at b. in c. on d. for( ) 2. its no time _ school. its t

14、ime _ go back home.3a. to, for b. to, to c. for, to( ) 3. mr brown comes _ america.a. atb. fromc. in d. to( ) 4. whats this _ english?a. inb. atc. ond. under( ) 5. sometimes i go to school _ foot.a. byb. in c. on d. with( ) 6. count （數(shù)）_ one _ ten.a. from, byb. from, toc. to, tod. at, to( ) 7.my sis

15、ter is looking _ her new shoes now.a. atb. afterc. ford. to( ) 8. its cold outside. please _ your warm clothes.a. put inb. take offc. put ond. put up( ) 9. the classroom is quite different _ that one.a. ofb. fromc. with d. like( ) 10. a: do many children in our class often skate _ winter?b: yes, the

16、y usually have fun _ winter.a. in, in b. on, on c. at, at( ) 11. a: does the autumn start _ august?b; sometimes it does. but usually it starts _ september.a. in, in b. on, on c. at, at( ) 12. i usually play table tennis _ school.a. after b. when c. by( )13. i like summer. is it cool _ autumn? what _

17、 summer? oh, it is too hot.a. in, about on b. on, about on c. in, about in( ) 14. a: do you listen to the radio _ a long time?b: no, i often listen to it _ twenty minutes.a. for, to b. for, for c. to, for( ) 15. when is may day? its _ the first of may.a. on b. in c. at( ) 16. they will move to the n

18、ew school _ next monday.a. on b. in c. /( ) 17. he always goes to school at 7:00 _ every day.a. on b. in c. /( ) 18. she does her homework _ half an hour every day.a. in b. for c. /二、用所給的介詞填空。4in, from, for, with, against, with, on, to, at, of1. go straight ahead, the post office is _ your right.2.

19、we could buy hamburgers _ lunch.3. i help my mother _ the housework.4. you can come and have dinner _ us.5. i painted a picture _ horses.6. bill is a heavy boy _ short hair.7. adults usually give lucky money to children _ spring festival.8. its a postcard（明信片） _ the usa.9. i live _ the eighth floor.

20、11. are you listening _ me?12. we usually stay _ home _ saturday afternoon.13. shall we meet _ the gate（大門） _ the school?14. dont walk _ the grass.15. some children are swimming _ the river（河） .三用適當(dāng)介詞填空1. can you see the words written _ the blackboard? (in, on, by, with)2. there is a slogan(標(biāo)語) _ th

21、e wall. (on, in, over, above)3. _ the help _ the teachers, the students have made great progress _their study. (on, in, of, with)4. he will be back _ a minute. ( on, in, for, by)5. whats this_(at,on,in)english?6. christmas is_(at,on,in)the 25th of december.1. is there a cat_ (under, behind, in)the d

22、oor?2. the man_(with, on, in)black is su hais father.3. he doesnt do well_ (at,on,in)pe.4. look at those birds_ (on,in)the tree.5. we are going to meet_ (at,on,in)the bus stop_ (at,on,in)half past ten.6. is there a cat_ (under, behind, in)the door?7. we live_ (at,on,in)a new house now.8. does it oft

23、en rain_ (at,on,in)spring there?四判斷下列介詞用得是否正確，正確的畫“”，錯(cuò)誤的畫“”，并將錯(cuò)誤的改正過來。（ 10 分） （ ）1. it s time to lunch.（ ）2. it s hot outside. please put on your coat.（ ）3. how about this skirt?5（ ）4. whos at duty today?（ ）5. my fathers birthday is at the lst of june.（ ）6. on the street, there are many cars.（ ）7. i

24、 can see lots with tress.（ ）8. do you like to play with a yo-yo?（ ）9. there is a park in the theatre.（ ）10. in your right, i can see two boys.五單項(xiàng)選擇。（15 分）（ ）1. what s thisenglish?it s an apple.a. on b. in c. at d. of（ ）2. lily, can you go shopping me? a. near b. at c. with d. from（ ）3. english is spoken americ