鐵路專業(yè)詞匯中英文對照

1、鐵路專業(yè)詞匯(中英對照版)機車 locomotive 機車種類 types of locomotive 蒸汽機車 steam locomotive 內(nèi)燃機車；曾用名柴油機車 diesel locomotive 電力機車 electric locomotive 燃氣輪機車 gasturbine locomotive 動車組 motor train unit；motor train set 動車 motot car 拖車 trailer 鐵路干線機車 railway trunk line locomotive 工礦機車 industrial and mining locomotive 客運機車 p

2、assenger locomotive 貨運機車 freight locomotive； goods locomotive 調(diào)車機車 shunting locomotive； switcher 小運轉(zhuǎn)機車 locomotive for district transfer； transfer locomotive train 路用機車 locomotive of service train； service locomotives 配屬機車 allocated locomotive 非配屬機車 un-allocated locomotive 支配機車 disposal locomotive 非支

3、配機車 un-disposal locomotive 運用機車 locomotive in operation 檢修機車 locomotive under repairing 備用機車 locomotive in reserve 封存機車 locomotive stored up 待修機車 locomotive waiting for repair 機車出租 leased locomotive 機車報廢 locomotive retirement 機車儲備 locomotive reservation； locomotive storage 機車整備 locomotive servicing；

4、 locomotive running preparation 機車整備能力 locomotive service capacity 機車技術(shù)規(guī)范 locomotive technical specification 轉(zhuǎn)向架中心 bogie pivot center 轉(zhuǎn)向架中心距離 distance between bogie pivot centers； bogie pivot pitch 機車全軸距 locomotive total wheel base 機車轉(zhuǎn)向架軸距 locomotive wheel base of bogie 機車固定軸距 locomotive rigid wheel

5、 base 機車長度 locomotive overall length 機車寬度 locomotive width 機車高度 locomotive height 機車計算重量 calcuated weight of locomotive 機車整備重量 locomotive service weight 機車重量 locomotive weight 機車粘著重量 locomotive adhesive weight 軸重轉(zhuǎn)移；軸荷載轉(zhuǎn)移 axle load transfer 粘著重量利用系數(shù) adhesive weight utility factor 機車重量分配 weight distri

6、bution of locomotive 輪對橫動量 lateral play of wheel set 機車噪聲 locomotive noise 熱值；發(fā)熱量 heat value 機車萬噸公里能耗 energy consumption per 10；000 t-km of locomotive 機車用煤 coal for locomotive 機車用柴油 diesel oil for locomotive 機車用電 electricity for locomotive 機車用換算煤 converted coal for locomotive 標(biāo)準煤 standard coal 機車用潤滑

7、劑 lubricant for locomotive 給水 water supply 水鶴 water crane 給水處理 water supply treatment 爐內(nèi)軟水 water softened in boiler 爐外軟水 water softened out of boiler 軟水 water softened 凈水 water purified 機務(wù)段 locomotive depot 機車運用段 locomotive running depot 機車檢修段 locomotive repair depot 機車折返段 locomotive turnaround depo

8、t 列車無線電調(diào)度系統(tǒng) train radio dispatching system 機車監(jiān)控記錄裝置 locomotive supervise and record apparatus 機車故障 locomotive failure 機車牽引特性 locomotive tractive characteristic 機車效率 total locomotive efficiency 機車輪周效率 efficiency of locomotive at wheel rim 機車傳動功率 transmission efficiency of locomotive 機車牽引特性曲線 locomoti

9、ve tractive characteristic curve 機車輪周功率曲線 locomotive power curve at wheel rim 機車牽引力曲線 locomotive tractive effort curve 機車預(yù)期牽引特性曲線 predetermined tractive characteristic curve of locomotive 機車功率 locomotive power 輪周功率 output power at wheel rim 比功率 power/weight ratio 比重量 weight/power ratio 單位體積功率 specif

10、ic volume power 機車牽引力 locomotive teractive effort 輪周牽引力 tractive effort at wheel rim 車鉤牽引力 tractive effort at coupler； drawbar pull 起動牽引力 stsrting tractive effort 粘著牽引力 adhesive tractive effort 持續(xù)牽引力 continuous tractive effort 基本阻力 basic resistance 運行阻力 running resistance 惰行阻力 idle runing resistance

11、； coasting resistance 起動阻力 starting resistance 附加阻力 additional resistance 坡道阻力 gradient resistance 曲線阻力 curve resistance 空氣阻力 air resistance 單位阻力 unit resistance； specific resistance 換算阻力；加算阻力 converted resistance 速度控制系統(tǒng) speed control system 加速 acceleration 減速 deceleration 恒速 constant speed 加速力 acce

12、leration force 減速力 deceleration force 列車制動 train braking 制動方式 brake mode 空氣制動 air brake 真空制動 vacuum brake 動力制動 dynamic brake 液力制動 hydraulic brake 電阻制動 rheostatic brake 再生制動 regenerative brake 電空制動 electropneumatic brake 蓄能制動 energy-storing brake 渦流制動 eddy current brake 磁軌制動 electromagnetic rail brak

13、e 踏面制動 tread brake 盤型制動 disc brake 機車制動周期 locomotive braking period 機車制動距離 locomotive braking distance 機車每軸閘瓦作用力 brake shoe force per axle of locomotive 制動 braking 常用制動 service braking； service application 最大常用制動；常用全制動 full servive braking； full service application 階段制動 graduated application 自然制動 un

14、intended braking； undesired braking 緊急制動 emergency braking； emergency application 意外緊急制動 undesirable emergency braking；UDE 緩解 release 直接緩解；一次緩解 direct release 階段緩解 graduated release 自然緩解 unintended release； undesired release 漏泄 leakage 充風(fēng)；充氣 charging 階段提升 graduated increasing 保持位 suppression； mainta

15、ining position； holding position 制動管減壓量 brake pipe pressure reduction 過量減壓 over reduction 局部減壓 local reduction 分段減壓 split reduction 最大常用減壓 full servive reduction 常用局減 quick service 緊急局減 quick action 前后風(fēng)壓差 false gradient 列車管壓差 train pipe pressure gradient 保壓停車 stopping at maintaining position 緩解停車 st

16、opping at release 緩解波速 release propagation rate 制動波速 braking propagation rate 機車制動機 locomotive brake gear 空氣壓縮機 air compressor 調(diào)壓器 pressure regulator 給風(fēng)閥 feed valve 減壓閥 reducing valve 機車分配閥 locomotive distributing valve 切換閥 transfer valve 自動制動閥 automatic brake valve 單獨制動閥 independent brake valve 濾塵止

17、回閥 strainer check valve 機車緊急放風(fēng)閥 locomotive emergency vent valve 高壓保安閥 high pressure safety valve 低壓保安閥 low pressure safety valve 無載起動電空閥 no-load starting electropneumatic valve 油水分離器 oil-water separator 總風(fēng)缸 main air reservoir 空氣干燥器 air dryer 撒砂裝置 sanding device 砂箱 sand box 撒砂閥 sanding valve 撒砂器 sand

18、ingsprayer 緊急撒砂 emergency sanding 自動撒砂 automatic sanding 間隙效應(yīng) slack action L/V比值 L/V ratio 弓網(wǎng)關(guān)系 pantograph-contact line relation 機車牽引區(qū)段 locomotive tractive district 機車交路 locomotive routing 單肩回交路 single-arm routing 雙肩回交路 double-arm routing 半循環(huán)交路 semi-loop routing 循環(huán)交路 loop routing 環(huán)形交路 circular routi

19、ng 短交路 short routing 長交路 long routing 直通交路 through routing 機車乘務(wù)制度 locomotive crew working system 機車包乘制 system of assigning crew to designated locomotive 機車輪乘制 locomotive crew pooling system 機車隨乘制 locomotive caboose crew system 機車乘務(wù)組 locomotive crew 司機 driver 副司機 assisant driver 指導(dǎo)司機 driver instructo

20、r 司爐 fireman 機車運用指標(biāo) index of locomotive operation 機車出入段作業(yè) preparation of locomotive for leaving and arriving at depot 機車全周轉(zhuǎn) complete turnround of locomotive 機車在段停留時間 detention time of locomotive at depot 機車全周轉(zhuǎn)距離 diatance of one complete turnround of locomotive 機車全周轉(zhuǎn)時間 period of one complete turnroun

21、d of locomotive 機車走行公里 locomotive running kilometers 換算走行公里 converted running kilometers 沿線走行公里 running kilometers on the road 輔助走行公里 auxiliary running kilometers 本務(wù)走行公里 leading locomotive running kilometers 單機走行公里 light locomotive running kilometers 重聯(lián)機車走行公里 multi-locomotive running kilometers 機車日車

22、公里 average daily locomotive running kilometers 機車平均牽引總重 average gross weight hauled by locomotive 機車日產(chǎn)量 average daily output of locomotive 運用機車臺數(shù) number of locomotive in service 機車需要系數(shù) coefficient of locomotives requirment 單機運行 light locomotive running 雙機牽引；雙機重聯(lián)牽引 double locomotive traction 多機牽引 mul

23、ti-locomotive traction 主機；本務(wù)機車 leading locomotive 機車超重牽引 traction for train exceed mass norm 機車調(diào)度命令 locomotive diapatching order 機務(wù)段運行揭示 running service-bulletin of depot 司機運轉(zhuǎn)保單 drivers service-report； drivers log 司機室 drivers cab 司機操縱臺 drivers desk 司機模擬操縱裝置 simulator for driver train-handling 優(yōu)化操縱 o

24、ptimum handling； optimum optimum operation 機車自動操縱 automatic locomotive operation 機車保養(yǎng) locomotive maintenance 機車檢修 locomotive inspection and repair 機車檢修修程 classification of locomotive repair 機車大修 locomotive overhaul repair； locomotive general overhaul 架修 intermediate repair 定修 periodical repair； ligh

25、t repair 蒸汽機車洗修 steam locomotive boiler washout repair 機車廠修 locomotive repair in works 機車段修 locomotive repair in depot 日常檢查 routine inspection 機車臨修 locomotive temporary repair 定期檢修 repair based on time or running kilometers 狀態(tài)檢修 repair based on condition of component 換件大修 component exchange repair 配

26、件互換修 repair with interchangeable component 預(yù)防維修制 preventive maintenance system 檢修周期 period of inspection and repair 月檢 monthly inspection 定檢公里 running kilometers between predetermined repairs 定檢時間 time between predetermined repairs 檢修范圍 scope of repairing course； scope of repair 超范圍修理 repair beyond

27、the scope of repairing course 檢修停時 standing time under repair 集中化修理；集中修 centralization of repair 檢修基本技術(shù)條件 fundamental technical requirements for repair and inspection 檢修工藝規(guī)程 technological regulations for repair and inspection 檢修作業(yè)程序 repair procedure； shop program 磨耗限度 limit of wear 檢修限度 locomotive r

28、epair limit 第一限度 1st limit 第二限度 2nd limit 使用限度 operation limit 中間工藝檢驗 intermediate inspection at the technological process 轉(zhuǎn)向設(shè)備 turning facilities 轉(zhuǎn)盤 turntable 機務(wù)設(shè)備通過能力 carrying capacity of locomotive facilities 機車專用設(shè)備 special equipment for locomotive operation 機車驗收 acceptance of locomotive 機車試運轉(zhuǎn) lo

29、comotive trial run 形式試驗 type test 性能試驗 performance test 鑒定試驗 homologation test 出廠試驗 predelivery test 制動試驗 brake test 牽引試驗 traction test 負載試驗 loaded test； load test 牽引熱工試驗 traction and thermodynamique de traction 定置試驗 stationary test； test at standstill 動力學(xué)試驗 dynamics test 強度試驗 strength test 運用試驗 ser

30、vice test； operation test 耐久性試驗 durability test 可靠性試驗 reliability test 例行試驗 routine test 特殊試驗 special test 研究性試驗 investigation test 抽樣試驗 sampling test 模擬試驗 analogue test 機車履歷簿 locomotive logbook 直流電力機車 DC electric locomotive 單向交流電力機車 single-phase AC electric locomotive 單相工頻交流電力機車 single-phase indust

31、rial frequency AC electric locomotive 雙電壓制電力機車 dual voltage electric locomotive 雙頻率制電力機車 dual frequency electric locomotive 多電流制電力機車 multiple system electric locomotive 硅整流器電力機車 silicon rectifier electric locomotive 晶閘管整流器電力機車 thyristor rectifier electric locomotive 經(jīng)閘管變流器電力機車 thyristor converter el

32、ectric locomotive 電動車組 electric multiple unit； motor coach set； electric motor train unit 單相交流電動車組 single-phase industrial frequency AC motor train unit 地下鐵道電動車組 subway motor train unit 電流制 current system 直流制 DC system 單相工頻交流制 single-phase industrial frequency AC system 單相低頻交流制 single-phase low freq

33、uency AC system 受電弓標(biāo)稱電壓 nominal voltage at pantograph 調(diào)壓方式 voltage regulation mode 高壓側(cè)調(diào)壓 high voltage regulation 低壓側(cè)調(diào)壓 low voltage regulation 分級調(diào)壓 stepped voltage regulation 無級調(diào)壓 stepless voltage regulation 相控調(diào)壓 phase control 斬波調(diào)壓 chopper control 變阻調(diào)壓 rheostatric control 整流方式 mode of rectification 牽

34、引變流器 traction convertor 牽引逆變器 traction invertor 牽引變頻器 traction frequency convertor 可調(diào)牽引變頻器 variable frequency convertor 直流斬波器 DC chopper 單相橋式整流器 single-phase bridge rectifier 三相橋式整流器 three-phase bridge rectifier 可控橋式整流器 controlled bridge rectifier 對稱半控橋式整流器 symmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier

35、 非對稱半控橋式整流器 asymmetric half-controlled bridge rectifier 多段橋聯(lián)結(jié) bridges in cascade； multi rectifier bridge 硅整流裝置 silicon rectifier device 晶閘管整流裝置 thyristor rectifier device 勵磁整流裝置 excitation rectifier device 電力傳動方式 mode of electric drive 直流傳動 DC drive 交-直流傳動 AC-DC drive 交-直-交流傳動 AC-DC-AC drive 調(diào)速方式 mo

36、de of speed control 變壓調(diào)速 variable voltage speed control 變頻調(diào)速 variable frequency speed control 變極調(diào)速 pole changing speed control 車軸驅(qū)動方式 mode of axle drive 彈性齒輪驅(qū)動 resilient gear drive 剛性齒輪驅(qū)動 solid gear drive 單側(cè)減速齒輪驅(qū)動 single reduction gear drive 雙側(cè)減速齒輪驅(qū)動 double reduction gear drive 單電動機驅(qū)動 monomotor driv

37、e 車軸空心軸驅(qū)動 quill drive； hollow axle drive 電機空心軸驅(qū)動 hollow shaft motor drive 萬向軸驅(qū)動 cardan shaft drive 直接驅(qū)動 gearless drive； direct drive 獨立驅(qū)動 individual drive 組合驅(qū)動 coupled axle drive 連桿驅(qū)動 rod drive 組合傳動機車 coupled axle drive locomotive 獨立傳動機車 individual drive locomotive 齒軌傳動機車；齒條傳動機車 rack locomotive 牽引電動

38、機供電制式 traction motor power supply system 機車集中供電 locomotive centralized power supply 轉(zhuǎn)向架獨立供電 bogie individual power supply 電動機獨立供電 motor individual power supply 主電路 power circuit； main circuit 高壓電路 high voltage circuit； high tension circuit 低壓電路 low voltage circuit； low tension circuit 網(wǎng)側(cè)電路 circuit o

39、n side of overhead contact line 牽引電路 traction circuit 制動電路 braking circuit 濾波電路 filter circuit 輔助電路 auxiliary circuit 列車供電電路 power supply circuit for train 控制電路 control circuit 控制電源 control source 蓄電池電路 battery circuit 指令電路 command circuit 照明電路 lighting circuit 儀表電路 instrument circuit 聯(lián)鎖電路 interlock

40、ing circuit 信號電路 signal circuit 起動電路 starting circuit 保護電路 protective circuit 電子控制電路 electronic control circuit 電空制動電路 electropneumatic brake ciucuit；E-P brake circuit 防空轉(zhuǎn)防滑行保護電路 anti-slip/slide protection circuit 音頻通訊電路 audio communication circuit 電連接器 electric coupler 自動電連接器 electric automatic cou

41、pler 機車重聯(lián)電連接器 multi-locomotive electrc coupler 牽引電動機 traction motor 直流牽引電動機 DC traction motor 脈流牽引電動機 pulsating current traction motor 交流牽引電動機 AC traction motor 單向交流牽引電動機 single-phase AC traction motor 三相交流牽引電動機 three phase AC traction motor 抱軸式牽引電動機 axle hung traction motor； nose suspension tractio

42、n motor 架承式牽引電動機 frame mounted traction motor 轉(zhuǎn)向架架承式牽引電動機 bogie mounted traction motor 底架架承式牽引電動機 underframe mounted traction motor 串勵電動機 series excited motor 并勵電動機 shunt excited motor 復(fù)勵電動機 compound excied motor 他勵電動機 separately excited motor 同步電動機 synchronous motor 異步電動機 asynchronous motor 交流換向器電動

43、機 alternating current commutator motor 全封閉式電動機 totally-enclosed motor 通風(fēng)式電動機 ventilated motor 自通風(fēng)式電動機 self-ventilated motor 強迫通風(fēng)式電動機 force ventilated motor 直線電動機；線性電動機 linear motor 直線同步電動機 linear synchronous motor 直線異步電動機；直線感應(yīng)電動機 linear asynchronous motor； linear induction motor 電動機轉(zhuǎn)速 motor speed 電動

44、機超速 runaway speed 電動機特性 motor characteristic 電動機轉(zhuǎn)矩；電動機扭矩 motor torque 啟動轉(zhuǎn)矩 starting torque 峰值轉(zhuǎn)矩 peak torque 制動轉(zhuǎn)矩 braking torque 最大輸出功率 maximum output 啟動電流 starting current 峰值電流 peak current 標(biāo)稱電壓 nominal voltage 變壓器電勢 transformer EMF 片間平均電壓 mean voltage between segments 片間最高電壓 maximum voltage between

45、 segments 消弱磁場 weakened field 最大磁場 maximum field 最小磁場 minimum field 磁場消弱率 field weakening 磁場消弱系數(shù) coefficient of field weakening 恒功調(diào)速比 speed ratio on constant power 轉(zhuǎn)向器 commutator 換向片 commutator segment 電樞線圈 armature coil 均壓線 equalizer；cable bond 轉(zhuǎn)軸 shaft 定子 stator 轉(zhuǎn)子 rotor 主極鐵心 mainpole core 主極線圈 ma

46、inpole coil 換向極鐵心 interpole core 換相極線圈 interpole coil 補償線圈 compensating coil 機座 frame 鑄造機座 cast frame 焊接機座 welding frame 半疊片機座 semi-laminated frame 全疊片機座 full-laminated frame 電刷裝置 brush gear 刷握 brush-holder 刷盒 brush box 電刷 brush 端蓋 end shield 抱軸懸掛裝置 suspension bearing 主發(fā)電機 main generator 直流主發(fā)電機 DC m

47、ain generator 交流主發(fā)電機 main alternator 輔助發(fā)電機 auxiliary generator 直流輔助發(fā)電機 DC auxiliary generator 直流啟動發(fā)電機 DC starting generator； dynastarter 直流控制發(fā)電機 DC control generator 直流勵磁機 DC exciter 劈相機 Arno converter； phase splitter 輔助電動機 auxiliary motor 直流輔助電動機 DC quxiliary motor 異步輔助電動機 asynchronous auxiliary mo

48、tor 空壓機電動機 air compressor motor 通風(fēng)機電動機 blower motor 泵電動機 pump motor 控制電機 control electric machine 自整角機 synchro 測速發(fā)電機 tachogenerator 機車牽引變壓器 traction transformer of locomotive 心式牽引變壓器 core-type traction transformer 殼式牽引變壓器 shell-type traction transformer 自藕牽引變壓器 traction autotransformer 調(diào)壓牽引變壓器 regul

49、ating traction transformer 分接牽引變壓器 tapped traction transformer 油浸式牽引變壓器 oil-immersed type traction transformer 整流變壓器 rectifier transformer 電源變壓器 supply transformer 隔離變壓器；絕緣變壓器 isolating transformer 同步變壓器 synchronous transformer 脈沖變壓器 pulse transformer 控制變壓器 control transformer 信號變壓器 signal transform

50、er 勵磁變壓器 excitation transformer 高壓繞組 high voltage winding； high tension winding 低壓繞組 low voltage winding； low tension winding 調(diào)壓繞組 regulating winding 勵磁繞組 excitation winding 輔助繞組 auxiliary winding 列車供電繞組 train coach supply winding 自然循環(huán) natural circulation 強迫循環(huán) forced circulation 強迫導(dǎo)向循環(huán) forced guided

51、 circulation 牽引電抗器 traction tractor 平波電抗器 smoothing reactor 過渡電抗器 transition reactor 接地電抗器 earthing reactor； grounding reactor 制動電抗器 braking reactor 分流電抗器 divert shunt reactor； inductive shunt 濾波電抗器 filter reactor 均流電抗器 sharing reactor 限流電抗器 inductive reactor； current limiting reactor 換相電抗器 commutat

52、ion reactor 起動電阻器 staring resistor 制動電阻器 braking resistor 過渡電阻器 transistion resistor 分流電阻器 divert shunt resistor； shunting resistor 穩(wěn)定電阻器 stabilizing resistor 調(diào)節(jié)電阻器 regulating resistor 制動電阻柜 braking resistor cubicle 制動電阻元件 braking resistor grid 非線性電阻器 non-linear resistor 濾波電容器 filter capacitor 換相電容器

53、 commutating capacitor 保護電容器 protective capacitor 起動電容器 starting capacitor 補償電容器 compensation capacitor 主斷路器 line circuit-breaker 真空主斷路器 line vacuum circuit-breaker 空氣主斷路器 line air-blast circuit-breaker 直流高速斷路器 DC high speed circuit-breaker 受電器 current collector 受電弓 pantograph 單臂受電弓 single arm panto

54、graph 雙臂受電弓 double arm pantograph 弓頭 pantograph bow 受電弓滑板 pantograph pan 弓角 pantograph horn 受電弓氣缸 pantograph cylinder 支持絕緣子 supporting insulator 第三軌受電器 conductor rail collector 受電靴裝置 shoegear 集電靴 collector shoe 電磁接觸器 electromagnetic contactor 直流接觸器 DC contactor 交流接觸器 AC contactor 電空接觸器 electropneumatic contactor 組合接觸器 grouping contactor 線路接觸器 line contactor 磁場削弱接觸器 field weakening contactor 制動接觸器 braking contactor 勵磁接觸器 excitation contactor 輔助接觸器 auxiliary contactor 調(diào)壓開關(guān) tap changer