8AUnit1SectionA(Grammar-3c)

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Where did you go on your vacation? Did you go to the zoo? Did you go to the aquarium? Were there any? What else did you do? Words review something nothing everyone of course myself yourself pron. 某事；某物某事；某物 pron. 沒有什么；沒有一件沒有什么；沒有一件 東西東西 pron. 每人；人人；所有人每人；人人；所有人 當(dāng)

2、然；自然當(dāng)然；自然 pron. 我自己；我本人我自己；我本人 pron. 你自己；您自己你自己；您自己 Words review hen pig seem bored someone diary n. 母雞母雞 n. 豬豬 v. 好像；似乎；看來好像；似乎；看來 adj. 厭倦的；煩悶的厭倦的；煩悶的 pron. 某人某人 n. 日記；記事薄日記；記事薄 the rules of the past form 1 played worked wanted needed 2decided lived improved 3 carry- carried study- studied worry- w

3、orried 5 go- went have- had see- saw eat- ate buy bought take- took win- won hang-hung 4 stop- stopped shop- shopped plan- planned To practice the usage of anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything and nothing To learn new words: most, something, nothing, everyone, myself, y

4、ourself, hen, pig, seem, bored, someone, diary Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, no one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food?No, I bought nothing. Did everyone ha

5、ve a good time? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. Grammar Focus Linda: Did you do_ fun on your vacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so_ was really interesting. 3a Fill in the blanks with the words in the box and pr

6、actice the conversation. anyone something anything everything nothing anything everything Linda: Did you go with_? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought_ for my parents, but _for myself. Linda: Why didnt you buy_ for yourself? Alice: I didnt

7、 really see _I liked. anyone something nothing anything anything Dear Bill, How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did_ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family. _was great. anything everything nothing everyone no one 3b Fill in the blanks in th

8、e e-mail message with the words in the box. anything everyone everything We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now! Mark nothing no one 3c Ask your group questions abou

9、t their last vacation. Then tell the class your results. Did youEveryone SomeoneNo one eating anything at a restaurant? read anything interesting? Visit anyone in your family? Buy anything? Keep a diary? In our group, everyone ate something at a restaurant 1.Did you buy anything special? 1) 在英語中，在英語

10、中，anything, something, nothing和和everything是用于指代事物的是用于指代事物的 復(fù)合不定代詞，與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的復(fù)合不定復(fù)合不定代詞，與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的復(fù)合不定 代詞代詞anyone, someone, no one和和everyone (anybody, somebody, nobody和和everybody) 用于指人。與形容詞連用時(shí)，形容詞必用于指人。與形容詞連用時(shí)，形容詞必 須置于復(fù)合不定代詞之后，語法上稱作須置于復(fù)合不定代詞之后，語法上稱作 “后置后置”。如：。如： Explanation I can see someone new in your clas

11、s. 我看見你們班里有新人。我看見你們班里有新人。 Theres nothing interesting in the newspaper today. 今天的報(bào)紙里沒有什么有趣的內(nèi)容。今天的報(bào)紙里沒有什么有趣的內(nèi)容。 2) something, someone與與some一樣常用一樣常用 于肯定句，而于肯定句，而anything, anyone與與any一一 樣常用于否定句和疑問句。樣常用于否定句和疑問句。 不過，在表示不過，在表示請(qǐng)求、建議或征求意見的疑請(qǐng)求、建議或征求意見的疑 問句中問句中常用常用some或或something。 在表達(dá)在表達(dá)“任何任何”這一含義時(shí)肯定句中常這一含義時(shí)肯定

12、句中常 用用any或或anything。例如：。例如： 1. I feel a bit hungry. Why dont you have some bread? 2.Would you like something to drink? 3.You can get it in any department store. 這東西你在哪個(gè)百貨商店都買得到。這東西你在哪個(gè)百貨商店都買得到。 4.I believe anything he says. Translate and write them down. 1. 最近每個(gè)人都很忙。最近每個(gè)人都很忙。 2. 你假期做什么有趣的事了？你假期做什么有趣

13、的事了？ - 是的。是的。 我去三亞了。我去三亞了。 Everyone is very busy these days. - Did you do anything fun on your vacation? - Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. 3. 你假期過得怎么樣？你假期過得怎么樣？ How was your vacation? 4. 傍晚沒有什么事可做，只好看書。傍晚沒有什么事可做，只好看書。 There was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 5. 我給我父母買了一些禮物，卻沒給自己我給我父母買了一些禮物

14、，卻沒給自己 買。買。 I bought some gifts for my parents, but nothing for myself. 課時(shí)重點(diǎn)回顧課時(shí)重點(diǎn)回顧 anyone, someone, everyone, no one, anything, something, everything 及及 nothing 的用法的用法 1.定義定義: 1) 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在 的狀態(tài)的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語(如如yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago.)連用連用; 2)

15、 也也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常和表示常和表示 頻度的時(shí)間狀語頻度的時(shí)間狀語(如如often, always)連用。連用。 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) 有哪些時(shí)間狀語可以用來描述過去？有哪些時(shí)間狀語可以用來描述過去？ 一般過去時(shí)常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語或從句一般過去時(shí)常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語或從句 連用連用 a）時(shí)間狀語）時(shí)間狀語 Ago（two hours ago（一段時(shí)間（一段時(shí)間+ago） yesterday（句子開頭或結(jié)尾）（句子開頭或結(jié)尾） the day before yesterday lastweek, last (year, night, month

16、) 具體時(shí)間（如具體時(shí)間（如Jan.fourth) just now at the age of one day long ago once upon a time（很久以前）（很久以前） and so on this morning long long ago Sentences I did my homework yesterday. I played soccer last Sunday. I cleaned my room last week. I went to the beach three years ago. I played tennis with my friends la

17、st weekend. I went to the movies three days ago. 注注：“過去過去”的概念并不是只指的概念并不是只指 如如 “yesterday, last week, ” 等，實(shí)際上等，實(shí)際上“與與 現(xiàn)在對(duì)立的過去現(xiàn)在對(duì)立的過去”，亦即，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前非現(xiàn)在的以前”， 哪怕是哪怕是“過了說話時(shí)間的幾分鐘之前過了說話時(shí)間的幾分鐘之前”，只，只 要所要表達(dá)的時(shí)間與說話時(shí)的要所要表達(dá)的時(shí)間與說話時(shí)的“現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在”形成形成 對(duì)立，就必須使用一般過去時(shí)來表達(dá)。在談對(duì)立，就必須使用一般過去時(shí)來表達(dá)。在談 到已死去的人的情況時(shí)，多用過去時(shí)。例到已死去的人的情況時(shí)，多用過去

18、時(shí)。例 如：如： He was here only a few minutes ago. 僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。 I came home just now. 我剛回到家。我剛回到家。 I got up very early this morning. 今天早晨我起床很早。今天早晨我起床很早。 He was late for school again today. 今天他又遲到了。今天他又遲到了。 b）動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則）動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則 規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化 1. 直接加直接加ed：work worked looklooked playplayed 2. 以以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加結(jié)

19、尾的單詞，直接加d： live lived hopehoped useused 3 以輔音字母以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變結(jié)尾的，變y為為i加加ed： study studied carrycarried worryworried 4 以元音字母以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加結(jié)尾的，直接加ed： enjoy enjoyed playplayed 5 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字 母母+ed：stop stopped planplanned 規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式詞尾規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式詞尾-ed的讀音的讀音 在濁輔音和元音在濁輔音和元音 后面后面 /d/ /d/ mov

20、ed /mu:vd moved /mu:vd/ / 在濁輔音和元音在濁輔音和元音 后面后面 /t/t/ passed /pa:st passed /pa:st/ / 在清輔音后面在清輔音后面/id/id/needed /ni:didneeded /ni:did/ / am, iswas arewere gowent dodid havehad comecame taketook saysaid eatate seesaw getgot putput sleepslept givegave writewrote readread 動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化 /red/ buybought si

21、tsat runran swim swam makemade feelfelt hearheard growgrew telltold knowknew findfound beginbegan bring brought standstood spendspent catchcaught teachtaught 動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化 u基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be動(dòng)詞的過去式：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去式 Present Past amwas iswas are were 單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) I was we were you were (一個(gè)人一個(gè)人) you wer

22、e (不只一人不只一人) she was they were he was it was 肯定句：主語肯定句：主語+was (were) +賓語賓語 如：如：I was late yesterday. 昨天我遲到了。昨天我遲到了。 否定句：主語否定句：主語+was (were) +not+賓語賓語 如：如：We werent late yesterday. 我們昨天沒遲到我們昨天沒遲到 BeBe動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成： 疑問句：疑問句：Was (Were) +主語主語+賓語賓語 如：如： Were you ill yesterday? 你昨天病了嗎？你昨天病了嗎？ 肯定

23、回答肯定回答： Yes, I was. 是的，我病了。是的，我病了。 否定句否定句： No, I wasnt. 不，我沒病。不，我沒病。 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句： 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語主語 +賓語賓語 如：如： When were you born? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的？你是什么時(shí)候出生的？ 肯定句肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的要使用動(dòng)詞的過去式過去式，否定句和疑問句否定句和疑問句 要使用助動(dòng)詞要使用助動(dòng)詞do和和 does 的過去式的過去式 did. 肯定句為：主語肯定句為：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語賓語 如：如：I went home at nine oclock

24、yesterday. 我昨天九點(diǎn)鐘回的家。我昨天九點(diǎn)鐘回的家。 否定句：主語否定句：主語+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+賓語賓語 如：如：I didnt go home yesterday. 我昨天沒回家。我昨天沒回家。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài) 疑問句：疑問句：Did +主語主語+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+賓語賓語 如：如： Did you go home yesterday? 你昨天回家了嗎？你昨天回家了嗎？ 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, I did. 是的，我回了。是的，我回了。 否定回答：否定回答：No, I didnt. 不，我沒回家。不，我沒回家。 一般過去式的構(gòu)成形

25、式一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式 肯定式肯定式疑問式疑問式否定式否定式 I workedDid I workI did not work He /she/it worked Did He /she/it work He /she/it did not work We workedDid we workWe did not work You worked Did you workYou did not work they worked Did they workThey did not work 動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的事；動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的事； bebe用用waswas或用或用were

26、were, have,has, have,has變變hadhad； 謂語動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；謂語動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志； 一般動(dòng)詞加一般動(dòng)詞加- -eded，若是特殊得硬記。，若是特殊得硬記。 否定句很簡單，主語之后否定句很簡單，主語之后didndidnt t添；添； 疑問句也不難，疑問句也不難，diddid放在主語前；放在主語前； 如果謂語之前有如果謂語之前有diddid，謂語動(dòng)詞需還原謂語動(dòng)詞需還原； 動(dòng)詞若是動(dòng)詞若是was,werewas,were, ,否定就把否定就把notnot添。添。 Did you do? Did she play? Did he clean? Was

27、 it? Exercises Did they have? Did Tom and Jack study? Did your father go? did not do did not play did not clean not did not have did not go did not study 1.get- 2.say- 3.have- 4.be- 5.tell- 6.think- 7.write- 8.drive- 9.run- 10.read- 11.see- 12.stand- 13.put- 14.eat- 15.buy- 16.drink- 17.sleep- e- 19

28、.play- 20.study- 21.listen- 給下面的單詞寫出過去式給下面的單詞寫出過去式 gotsaidhad was, weretoldthought wrotedroveran readsawstood put atebought dranksleptcame playedstudiedlistened 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. We _ (live) in Japan last year. 2. Jack_ (stop) the car last Sunday. 3. Tom _ (clean) my room and _(study) for the Chinese test last weekend. 4.What _ you _(do)