人教版必修4U2 (2)

1、話題話題1717農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù) 一、單詞識記一、單詞識記 1. _ n. 根；根源根；根源 2. _ n. 十年；十年期十年；十年期 3. _ n. 產(chǎn)量；輸出產(chǎn)量；輸出 4. _ n. 莊稼；農(nóng)作物；產(chǎn)量莊稼；農(nóng)作物；產(chǎn)量 5. _ n. 營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)nutrition root decade output crop 6. _ n. 礦物；礦石礦物；礦石 7. _ n. 土壤土壤 8. _ v. 輸出；出口輸出；出口 9. _ vt. 使迷惑使迷惑 10. _ adj. 特級的特級的; 超級的超級的super mineral soil export confuse 11. _ ad

2、j. 化學(xué)的化學(xué)的 12. _ adv. 因此；所以因此；所以 13. _ vt. 使忙使忙 碌碌; 居住居住 _ n. 工作工作; 職業(yè)職業(yè); 占領(lǐng)占領(lǐng)occupation nation national nationality occupy 二、單詞拓展二、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生單詞派生 3. _ v. 生產(chǎn)；制造生產(chǎn)；制造 _ n. 產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品 _ n. 生產(chǎn)；制造生產(chǎn)；制造 4. _ v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn) _ n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺 discovery produce product production discover 6._ v.使疑惑使疑惑, 使為難使為難 _ n. 疑惑疑惑,

3、困惑困惑 _ adj.疑惑的疑惑的, 難以理解的難以理解的 confuse confusion confused 5. _ vt. 減少；減縮減少；減縮 _ n. 減少；減縮減少；減縮 reduce reduction (B)靈活運用靈活運用 1. Your question really made me _ (confuse). 2. He said the earthquake could lead to a _ (reduce) in steel exports from Japan. 冠詞后用名詞冠詞后用名詞 confused reduction 形容詞作賓補形容詞作賓補 3. The

4、 _ (discover) of a childs body in this river has shocked the community. 4. What is your _ (nation)? 名詞作表語名詞作表語, nationality“國籍國籍” 5. His _ (occupy) is teaching in a primary school. 名詞作主語名詞作主語 discovery nationality occupation 名詞作主語名詞作主語 1. _擺脫擺脫; 除去除去 2. _幸虧幸虧; 由于由于; 因為因為 3. _ 對對感到滿意感到滿意 4. _ 寧愿寧愿; 寧

5、可寧可 三、短語翻譯三、短語翻譯 would rather rid .of thanks to be satisfied with 5. _ 使使免受免受(影影 響、傷害響、傷害) 6. _導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致; 造成造成(后果后果) 7. _ 集中集中(注意力、精力注意力、精力)于于 8. _逐漸增強逐漸增強; 建立建立; 開發(fā)開發(fā) build up keep .free from/of lead to focus on 9._過著過著生活生活 10._富含富含 11._另外另外 12._根據(jù)根據(jù), 按照按照according to lead alife be rich in in addition 四

6、、課文回顧四、課文回顧 Dr. Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930.1_ he graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953， he has devoted 2_ life 3 _ finding ways to grow more and more rice. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time,hunger was 4_ serious problem in many pa

7、rts of the country. Since his to a Dr. Yuan searched for a way 5_ (increase)rice harvests without expanding the area of fields. In 1950，Chinese farmers could only produce fifty million tons of rice. Last year，however, 6_ (near) two hundred million tons of rice 7_ (produce). These increased harvests

8、mean 8_ 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. to increase nearly was produced that Dr. Yuan is now circulating his 9_ (know)in India， Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research， the UN is trying to rid the worl

9、d 10_ hunger. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. knowledge of 五、課文概要五、課文概要 以約以約30個詞概括課個詞概括課 文內(nèi)容要點。文內(nèi)容要點。 Yuan Longping, an agricultural pioneer， regards himself as an ordinary farmer and has been working for five decades to produce super hybrid rice， which

10、 has proved very successful and is spread worldwide. 原句原句 Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的確的確, 他那被太陽曬得黝黑的他那被太陽曬得黝黑的 臉龐和手臂臉龐和手臂, 以及他那消瘦而結(jié)實的身軀以及他那消瘦而結(jié)實的身軀, 就就 跟其他千百萬中國

11、農(nóng)民一樣跟其他千百萬中國農(nóng)民一樣, 過去過去50年來年來,他他 一直在幫助他們一直在幫助他們。(B4P10) 1. struggle vt. 從從中解脫中解脫 be/get rid of 擺脫擺脫; 除除 掉掉 運用運用 填入一個恰當詞完成句子。填入一個恰當詞完成句子。 They rid the house _ old furniture. Paul finally rid _ (擺脫了債務(wù)擺脫了債務(wù)). We must _ (處理掉處理掉) these old newspapers. get rid of of himself of debt 原句原句 Dr Yuan is quite sa

12、tisfied with his life. 袁博士對他的生活非常袁博士對他的生活非常 滿意。滿意。(B4P10) 例句例句 The teacher is quite satisfied with what the boy has answered. 老老 師對這個男孩的答案很滿意。師對這個男孩的答案很滿意。 3. be satisfied with 對對感到滿意感到滿意 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。 她從來不滿足于現(xiàn)狀。她從來不滿足于現(xiàn)狀。 Shes never _ the present situation. 你對他的解釋滿意嗎你對他的解釋滿意嗎? Are you

13、 _ _? satisfied with explanation satisfied with his 原句原句 He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他寧愿把時間他寧愿把時間 花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上?；ㄔ谧约旱臉I(yè)余愛好上。(B4P10) 例句例句 I would rather stay at home on Sundays.我寧愿星期天呆在家里。我寧愿星期天呆在家里。 4. would rather (do sth.) 寧愿寧愿, 寧可寧可 (做某事做某事) 搭配搭配 would rather not do sth.寧愿不寧愿不 做某事

14、做某事 would rather sb. did sth. 寧愿某寧愿某 人做某事人做某事 would rather do A than do B寧寧 愿做愿做A事也不做事也不做B事事 would do A rather than do B寧寧 愿做愿做A事也不做事也不做B事事 運用運用 用所給詞的正確形式完成句子。用所給詞的正確形式完成句子。 I would rather_ (go) with you than _ (stay) by myself. I would rather you_ (go) to the cinema now. went go stay I would rather

15、 you _ (come) tomorrow. I would rather fail than _ (cheat) in the examination. cheat came 原句原句 Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. 很多化學(xué)物質(zhì)能導(dǎo)致癌癥和其它疾很多化學(xué)物質(zhì)能導(dǎo)致癌癥和其它疾 病。病。(B4P14) 例句例句 His careless driving led to this terrible accident. 他的粗心駕駛他的粗心駕駛 導(dǎo)致了這次嚴重的事故。導(dǎo)致了這次嚴重的事故。 5. lea

16、d to 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致, 通往通往 (to是介詞是介詞) 聯(lián)想聯(lián)想 look forward to 盼望盼望 pay attention to 注意注意 stick to 堅持堅持 devote to 貢獻，致力于貢獻，致力于 turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn)向 refer to 查閱，涉及，指的是查閱，涉及，指的是 add to 增加，增添增加，增添 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。 This road _ (通向通向)that mountain village. Einstein did many experiments， _ (使他得出了這個結(jié)論使他得出了這個結(jié)論). which

17、 led him to this conclusion leads to 原句原句 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 由于他的研究由于他的研究, 聯(lián)合國聯(lián)合國 在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方 法。法。(B4P10) 例句例句 Thanks to your support, we won the match.由于你的支持由于你的支持, 我們贏得了這我們贏得了這 場比賽。場比賽。 6. thanks to 幸虧幸虧; 由

18、于由于; 因為因為(=because of) 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 由于校長的努力由于校長的努力, 我現(xiàn)在又能回學(xué)校我現(xiàn)在又能回學(xué)校 上學(xué)了。上學(xué)了。 _ , I can go back to school now. 由于天氣很糟糕由于天氣很糟糕, 露天表演取消了。露天表演取消了。 _, the open-air show was cancelled. Thanks to the headmasters efforts Thanks to the bad weather 原句原句 This special strain of rice makes it

19、 possible to produce one third more of the crop in the same fields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田 地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量。地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量。(B4, P10) 1. make it possible (for sb.) to do使使 (某人某人)做某事成為可能做某事成為可能 例句例句 The Internet has made it possible for us to get more information in much less time. 因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng)使我們用更少的因特網(wǎng)已經(jīng)使我們用更少的

20、 時間獲得更多的信息成為可時間獲得更多的信息成為可 能。能。 仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 這些新技術(shù)將使得從廢棄物中這些新技術(shù)將使得從廢棄物中 回收可用之物成為可能?；厥湛捎弥锍蔀榭赡?。 The new techniques _ _recover usable things from waste. possible to will make it 過去的幾十年過去的幾十年, 先進的醫(yī)療技術(shù)先進的醫(yī)療技術(shù) 已經(jīng)使得人們比過去活得更長成為已經(jīng)使得人們比過去活得更長成為 可能。可能。 In the last decades, advances in medica

21、l technology _ _ _than in the past. it possible for people to live longer have made 原句原句 Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的雜交水稻種子用他的雜交水稻種子, 農(nóng)民們種農(nóng)民們種 出比以前多一倍的糧食。出比以前多一倍的糧食。(B4, P10) 2. 倍數(shù)詞倍數(shù)詞+as+原級原級+as. 是是的多少倍的多少倍 例句例句 The new building is three times as

22、 tall as the old one. 新大樓是舊大樓的三新大樓是舊大樓的三 倍高。倍高。 說明說明 英語中常用的倍數(shù)表達法還有：英語中常用的倍數(shù)表達法還有： 倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+形容詞形容詞/副詞的比較級副詞的比較級 +than. 倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+the+名詞名詞(length, width, height, size )+of. 仿寫仿寫 用三種表達方式翻譯下句子。用三種表達方式翻譯下句子。 這根繩子是那根的三倍長。這根繩子是那根的三倍長。 This rope is _that. This rope is_ that. This rope is _ that. three times the leng

23、th of twice longer than three times as long as 原句原句 It seems a strange name since all crops are organic no matter how they are produced.這個名字看這個名字看 起來很奇怪起來很奇怪, 因為不管怎樣種植因為不管怎樣種植, 農(nóng)農(nóng) 作物都是有機的。作物都是有機的。(L1, P13) 3. no matter what . 不管不管/不論不論 (后接狀語從句后接狀語從句) 例句例句 We will go to see the movie no matter how ha

24、rd it rains. 無論雨無論雨 下的多大下的多大, 我們都要去看電影我們都要去看電影。 仿寫仿寫 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 不管做什么事不管做什么事, 你都必須非常細心你都必須非常細心。 _, you must be very careful. No matter what you do 不論你選擇哪一個不論你選擇哪一個, 你都會滿意的你都會滿意的。 _, you will be satisfied. 不管你說什么不管你說什么, 我都喜歡聽我都喜歡聽。 _, I like to listen. No matter what you say No matter

25、which you choose 4. keep.free from/of使使免受免受 ( (影響、傷害等影響、傷害等) ) 原句原句 They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 農(nóng)民關(guān)農(nóng)民關(guān) 心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。 (B4P14) 例句例句 Eating well and good exercise keep you free from/ of cold.良好的飲食和適度的良好的飲食和適度的 鍛煉使你遠離感冒。鍛煉使你遠離感冒。 運用運用 根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子根據(jù)漢語意思完

26、成英文句子。 我們把書放進書柜以避免落上灰塵我們把書放進書柜以避免落上灰塵。 We put our books in a bookcase _. 我們必須盡力使這條河流免受污染我們必須盡力使這條河流免受污染。 We must try our best _ _. to keep them free from dust river free from pollution to keep the 原句原句 Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Ch

27、inese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的確，他的確，他 那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂， 以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體就跟以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體就跟 過去五十年他一直在幫助的千百萬過去五十年他一直在幫助的千百萬 的中國農(nóng)民一樣。的中國農(nóng)民一樣。(P10 B4) 分析分析 句中句中for whom引導(dǎo)的是非限引導(dǎo)的是非限 制性定語從句，先行詞是制性定語從句，先行詞是_ _，相當于，相當于and he has struggled for Chinese farmers f

28、or the past five decades。 注意注意 “in /for the past or last +時時 間段間段”常與常與_時態(tài)連用。時態(tài)連用。現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成 farmers Chinese 1.我的同學(xué)劉清以前我的同學(xué)劉清以前寧愿寧愿上課睡覺上課睡覺也不也不 愿愿聽老師講課。聽老師講課。 1. For a time, my classmate Liu Qing would rather sleep in class than listen to the teacher. 2. 無論他怎么無論他怎么努力努力, 他都無法他都無法把精力放把精力放 在在學(xué)習(xí)上。學(xué)習(xí)上。 2. N

29、o matter how hard he worked, he couldnt focus his mind on his studies. 3. 聽懂老師的課聽懂老師的課是不可能的是不可能的。 3. It was impossible for him to understand the teachers. 4. 他的這個習(xí)慣他的這個習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致了他考試不及格。了他考試不及格。 4. This habit led to his failure in the exams. 5. 為了為了使使自己自己免受免受父母的懲罰父母的懲罰, 他請求他請求 老師的幫助。老師的幫助。 To keep himse

30、lf free from his parents punishment, he went to his teachers for help. 6. 由于由于老師的幫助老師的幫助, 他終于他終于改掉改掉了這個了這個 壞習(xí)慣。壞習(xí)慣。 Thanks to the teachers help, he finally rid himself of this bad habit. 7. 老師老師對對他的改變很他的改變很滿意滿意。 7. The teacher was satisfied with his change. 8. 他現(xiàn)在的分數(shù)他現(xiàn)在的分數(shù)是是他原來的他原來的三倍三倍。 8. His mark

31、 now is three times as much as that of his past. 合并：合并： For a time, my classmate Liu Qing would rather sleep in class than listen to the teacher and no matter how hard he worked, he couldnt focus his mind on his studies. It was impossible for him to understand the teachers, which led to his failure

32、in the exams. To keep himself free from his parents punishment, he went to his teacher for help. Thanks to the teachers help, he finally rid himself of this bad habit. The teacher was satisfied with his change because his mark now is three times as much as that of his past. Earth is our only home in

33、 the universe. If we dont protect it from now on, we will have nowhere to go when the environment 1 _ (ruin). Look at what we have done 2 _ our land. 1. 由主語可知用被動語態(tài)。由主語可知用被動語態(tài)。 2. 根據(jù)前面的根據(jù)前面的done可知。可知。 is ruined to We let out so much exhaust gas 3 _ our atmosphere is no longer clear and healthy for br

34、eath. In many big cities, we can hardly see 4 _ bright blue sky. We use as many resources 5 _ we can find, and then turn 6 _ into rubbish. 3. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句, 由前面的由前面的so可知。可知。 4. 不定冠詞表示不定冠詞表示“一片一片”。 5. 根據(jù)前面的根據(jù)前面的as many可知?？芍?。 6. 指代前面的指代前面的resources。 that a as them The rubbish is taking up more and more

35、 space in our planet. We also pollute water. Fishes and other living things 7 _ (suffer) due to our mistakes. Some died out, and others are dying out in future. All of us must do something 8 _ (protect) our earth. 7. 根據(jù)語境根據(jù)語境, 應(yīng)用進行時態(tài)。應(yīng)用進行時態(tài)。 8. 不定式作狀語不定式作狀語, 表目的。表目的。 are suffering to protect Take a

36、bus instead 9 _ private car; use goods that are made of recycled material. We can take many small steps in our 10 _ (day) life for the sake of our better future. 9. 由前面的由前面的instead可知?？芍?。 10. 形容詞作定語。形容詞作定語。 of daily 二、完形填空二、完形填空 Three of those rich men and their servants were 1 together on a road whe

37、n they came to a very 2 village. 1. A. standing B. running C. gathering D. travelling D 根據(jù)本句的根據(jù)本句的on a road when they came to可知?？芍?2. A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient B 由下一段的由下一段的The first could not stand seeing the poverty可推出可推出, poor 與與poverty是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 The first could not stand see

38、ing the poverty, so he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四輪馬車四輪馬車) and 3 them out among the 4 . 3. A. shared B. send C. picked D. found A 根據(jù)常識及后面的根據(jù)常識及后面的among the 4 可推出這里填可推出這里填 shared。 4. A. workers B. farmers C. villagers D. servants C 由前面的由前面的they came to a very 2 village可知?？芍?villa

39、ger與與village屬同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。屬同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 He wished them all the best of luck, and he 5 . 5. A. cried B. stayed C. laughed D. left D 根據(jù)前面的臨別祝福的話根據(jù)前面的臨別祝福的話“He wished them all the best of luck”可知選可知選 left。 The first could not stand seeing the poverty, so he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四輪馬車四輪馬車) an

40、d 3 them out among the 4 . The second rich man, seeing the 6 situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his 7 and drink, since he could see that money would be of little 8 to them. 6. A. curious B. worrying C. dangerous D. puzzling B 根據(jù)上一段的根據(jù)上一段的seeing the poverty可推出?？赏瞥?。 worryin

41、g situation與與poverty是上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。是上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)。 stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his 7 and drink, since he could see that money would be of little 8 to them. He made sure that they each received their fair share and would have enough food to last for some time. 7. A. alcohol B. food C. bread D

42、. rice B 由下一句中的由下一句中的would have enough food可知。與可知。與 food是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 8. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction C 根據(jù)他給這些村民食物和飲品可判斷出：他明白根據(jù)他給這些村民食物和飲品可判斷出：他明白 錢對這些村民幾乎無用。錢對這些村民幾乎無用。 Three of those rich men and their servants weretogether on a road when they came to a very 2 village. The third rich

43、 man, on seeing such poverty, sped up and went straight through the 9 without stopping. 9. A. village B. land C. field D. road A 由前面的由前面的they came to a very 2 village可可 知。與知。與village是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 The two other rich men saw this from a distance and commented with each other how the third rich man lack

44、ed 10 . 10. A. experience B. exercise C. sympathy D. courage C 常識題。根據(jù)前面第三個富人的表現(xiàn)常識題。根據(jù)前面第三個富人的表現(xiàn) (without stopping)，這兩位富人認為他沒有，這兩位富人認為他沒有 同情心同情心(sympathy)。 It was good that they themselves had been there to offer 11 . However, three days later, they 12 the third rich man, who was coming in the opposi

45、te direction. 11. A. advice B. help C. drink D. gold B 根據(jù)常識根據(jù)常識, 這兩個富人為村民提供的都屬于這兩個富人為村民提供的都屬于help。 12. A. welcomed B. accepted C. met D. persuaded C下文是他們所看見的情形下文是他們所看見的情形, 這里自然用這里自然用met, 否則否則 哪有下文呢？哪有下文呢？ He was still travelling 13 , but his wagons, instead of the gold and valuables they had been ca

46、rrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of 14 . He was rushing back to help them out of 15 . 13. A. happily B. safely C. slowly D. quickly D 根據(jù)上文的根據(jù)上文的The third rich mansped up以及本以及本 句中的句中的still可推出。可推出。 14. A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds D 與與farming tools有關(guān)的只能是有關(guān)的只能是seeds。seeds和和 farmin

47、g tools詞語同現(xiàn)。詞語同現(xiàn)。 He was still travelling 13 , but his wagons, instead of the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of 14 . He was rushing back to help them out of 15 . 15. A. poverty B. trouble C. curiosity D. question A本文的主題就是講三個富人如何幫助村民脫貧本文的主題就是講三個富人如何

48、幫助村民脫貧 (out of poverty)。與前面的。與前面的poverty是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。 【助讀詞匯【助讀詞匯】 servant仆人仆人 comment評價評價 valuable貴重物品貴重物品 要求考生根據(jù)語境判斷代詞要求考生根據(jù)語境判斷代詞(this, that, it, they, them, one等等), 或代動詞或代動詞(do, does, did, do that等等)究竟指代什么。究竟指代什么。 1. What does the underlined phrase “ .” refer to? 三、閱讀理解三、閱讀理解 技巧點撥技巧點撥 判斷指代內(nèi)容判斷指代內(nèi)容

49、 2. What does the underlined word “they” refer to? 3. The underlined word “them” refers to_. 一般說來一般說來, 代詞的指代內(nèi)容大多在這代詞的指代內(nèi)容大多在這 一句的前、后句中一句的前、后句中(特別是前句特別是前句), 或者前幾或者前幾 個句子中個句子中, 有的甚至指代前一段話中的某個有的甚至指代前一段話中的某個 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容, 找到指代的內(nèi)容后把它放在那個代詞找到指代的內(nèi)容后把它放在那個代詞 的位置上的位置上, 看一看這句話是否合理看一看這句話是否合理, 與前后與前后 的內(nèi)容是否一致的內(nèi)容是否一致, 然后再判定它是否為正確然后再判定它是否為正確 答案。答案。 即時練習(xí)即時練習(xí) A