如何寫好作文(技巧+優(yōu)化)

1、如何寫好作文技巧 +優(yōu)化寫作技巧一:詞匯篇：善用高級詞匯，詞組優(yōu)先勤奮的 hard-working diligent重要的 important essential開心的 happy delightful有意義的 meaningful有責任的 responsible有必要的 necessary認為 think hold the viewpoint that解決 solve deal with提高 improve make progress盡力 try try one s best to do滿意 satisfy be satisfied with扮演 act play an important

2、part in聰明的 clever intelligent美麗的 beautiful attractive有害的 bad be harmful to獨立的 independent方便的 convenient阻止 stop prevent from doing sth給 give provide with期待 expect look forward to doing sth.能夠 can be able to do sth使用 use make full use of注意 focus pay attention to doing sth:活用多種句型根本句式：連接各類從句的連接詞：時間狀語從句：

3、when, not until, as soon as目的狀語從句：so that+clause; to do 為了結(jié)果狀語從句：sothat+clause, too to do太以至于 條件狀語從句：if, uni ess 除非，as long as 只要讓步狀語從句：though 盡管，不與 but連用，although 盡管，不與 but連用，eventhough即使,even if 即使no matter what/when/where/who/which/how無論比較：asas,not so as,than高級句式：結(jié)尾句式： 1. From what has been discu

4、ssed above， we may safely draw/reach/arriveat the conclusion that 議論文較多Accordingly/Consequently/As a result, it is not difficult to draw/reach/arrive atthe conclusion that.題： 綜上所述，我們可以得出結(jié)論電腦的利大于弊譯文 1： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion thatcomputers do more good th

5、anharm譯文 2： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion thatthe advantages of computersoutweigh the disadvantages.2. In a word/To sum up/ On the whole, we should pay close attention to sth 議論文題：總而言之，我們應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注日常用水問題。譯文 1: In a word/To sum up, we should pay close attention to

6、daily water.3. Only in this way can we have a bright future. 倒裝句型， 可接承句型 2題 1 ：只有這樣，缺水問題才能得到改善譯文： Only in this way, can water shortage be improved.題 2 ： 只有這樣，我們才能提高我們的學習能力。譯文： Only in this way, can we promote our learning ability.批注：此句型，提醒下學生的語序問題，一般疑問句 ; 同樣如果學生程度還不錯，可以導(dǎo)入 Only 的其他倒裝。4. As long as .只

7、要 連詞 后接句子 多種文體題 1 ：只要我們每天堅持閱讀一點點，閱讀習慣一定能養(yǎng)成。譯文： As long as we insist on reading a little every day, we are bound to/are sureto get into a good habit of reading.題 2 ：只要壓歲錢使用得當，這個傳統(tǒng)可以一直傳承下去。譯文： As long as lucky money is used in a proper and wise way, this tradition cancontinue everlastingly/forever.方法三

8、 :妙用關(guān)聯(lián)詞一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞1. 表示并歹U或遞進 ：and, as well as, both and, what s morenot only but also, n eithernor2. 表示選擇 ：or, either or3. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折 ： but, however, althoughthough, after all, anyway4. 表示因果 ： because, so, therefore, since, for, as a result5. 表示條件 ： if , unless6. 表示比照 ： instead, not but, while, in the same way

9、,on the one hand on the other hand7. 表示解釋 ： for example, for instance, such as,that is to say, in other words, to tell the truth8. 表示順序 ： to begin with, firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, since then,from then on, finally, in the end9. 表示強調(diào) ： also, besides, especially, actually, in fac

10、t10. 表示結(jié)論 ： all in all, altogether, in a word,generally speaking, in short二、諺語1. Practice makes perfect.2. Thi nk twice before you do.3. Where there is a will, there is a way.4. Do as the Roma ns do.5. The early bird catches the worm.6. Failure is the mother of success.7. It is no use crying over sp

11、ilt milk.8. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.9. All roads lead to Rome.10. Never too old to lear n.11. A frie nd in n eed is a frie nd in deed.作文評分標準英語作文分為三大局部進行評分：內(nèi)容 8分，語言8分，組織結(jié)構(gòu)分 4分。一內(nèi)容：7-8分：內(nèi)容切題，意思連貫，表達清楚、完整。5-6分：內(nèi)容根本切題，意思大致連貫，表達根本清楚、但不夠完整。2-4分：內(nèi)容不夠切題，意思不夠連貫，表達不夠清楚、有些離題。0-1分：文不對題，表達不清。二語言： 詞數(shù)

12、：每少5個字扣分，以此類推。只寫出個別單詞、詞不成句不給分。 拼寫：每錯扣分，同一錯誤不重復(fù)計數(shù)。 語法：同 標點符號、大小寫：每兩處錯誤扣 分，但扣分總和不超過 1分。三組織結(jié)構(gòu)： 內(nèi)容充實、上下文連貫、用語標準、表達準確、無語法錯誤；詞匯和句型句式運用恰當，多見好句型和習慣表達用語者，可給4-3分。 內(nèi)容充實、不寫廢話；上下文連貫、用語標準、表達準確、無或少見語法錯誤；詞匯和句型句式運用恰當，多見好句型和習慣表達用語者，可給2分。 一般情況下，內(nèi)容和語言累計得分在15分以上者含，方可得到1-2分組織結(jié)構(gòu)分。 內(nèi)容和語言在15分以下者，如文中有值得肯定的好的句型和表達，可酌情考慮給1分組織結(jié)

13、構(gòu)分。 通篇句型、句式單一、詞匯貧乏者，即使無語法錯誤，一般也不予給組織結(jié)構(gòu)分。四詞數(shù)： 詞數(shù)缺乏30個者，給分以8分為限； 詞數(shù)缺乏40個者，給分以11分為限； 詞數(shù)缺乏50個者，給分以14分為限；以上3點應(yīng)結(jié)合內(nèi)容和語言各項綜合考慮。 詞數(shù)在50- 59個之間者，每少5個扣分; 只寫出個別單詞、詞不成句者，那么給0分。五劃分等級： 優(yōu)秀學生作文：結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、開頭語與結(jié)尾語短小精悍、能使用精彩句或詞語，這是平時訓(xùn)練有素之結(jié)果，即為 A類作文。 中等偏上學生作文：結(jié)構(gòu)蠻清晰，但是句子中出現(xiàn)少許語法錯誤，即為B類作文。 中等學生作文：結(jié)構(gòu)上稍有欠缺，句中有少許語法錯誤，即為C類作文。 中等偏下學生

14、作文：從結(jié)構(gòu)上來說，閱卷者能看到學生所要表述的內(nèi)容，但是語法錯誤鋪天蓋地，此類作文為 D類作文。 學困生作文：這些學生對于作文來說，一是看不懂，那么無從下手，所以只能抄個題目，然后或是空著，或是寫個拼音等等敷衍了事；二是有一局部學生純粹是抄閱讀理解中的句子，結(jié)果可想而知，只能以 0分收場。此類0到4分作文為E類作文。記敘文或夾敘夾議一.介紹：六大要素：既6Ws:時間when、地點where、人物who 、事件what、原因why 、結(jié)果 how。When? - When did the story happen?Where- Where did the story take place?Who

15、- Who was the character of the story?1What- What happened in the story?Why- Why did this story happen?How-How did the story happen and what was the result of thestory?、 提示要點：1. 表達時應(yīng)該有明確的表達目的，可以表達一個哲理，說明一個觀點，弘揚一種美德，或者表達自己的情感。2. 選材要精當，選擇那些最能表達主題的有說服力的材料。3記敘時切記不要泛泛描寫，不可空洞籠統(tǒng)，要有細節(jié)的生動描寫。三結(jié)構(gòu)1. When speakin

16、g of/When it comes to_ 描述對象 (萬能公式)2. 描述對象， described as ；is e.g. Microblog, described as a completely new form of communication, has now caught onquickly among tee nagers by en abli ng the users to update their latest status with in just a few words.3. The man, who is of few words/of average height,

17、 is my idol. (中間插入一定語從句)4. Rita, mother of five kids, bears the heavy burde n of life with her thin shoulders.( 使用同位語)5. Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more tha n( Miss Wan g).6. Of all( the teachers) I have ever known/met, (Miss Wang) is the one I respect/lovemost.7. Amo

18、ng various kinds of (sports), (football) is my fondest.8. Throughout my life, the most unforgettable thing I ve ever experienced is a trip toPoland圖表作文圖表作文通過圖片或者表格來說明一種現(xiàn)象然后再進一步討論所以只需在現(xiàn)象說明文前加上適當?shù)拈_頭即可：1. As can be seen clearly from the graph/table/chart, 趨勢描寫 /概括性描寫2. As is shown in the graph/table/ch

19、art, 趨勢描寫 /概括性描寫3. It is clear/obvious/apparent from the table/chart that4. The figures/statistics in the chart/table shows/indicates that.批注： 圖表類作文一般第一句為趨勢描寫， 或概括性描寫。 后面再具體描述圖表，用必要數(shù)據(jù)作支撐。提醒學生把握細節(jié)描述的量。還要留空間給 why 與 how題 : 以上圖表顯示，學生的睡眠時間嚴重缺乏。譯文 a: As is shown in the chart above, students are seriously

20、short of sleeping time.譯文 b: It is clear/obvious from the table above that students seriously lack sleeping time.正文優(yōu)化較高級較高級詞匯積累篇中我們學會了歸納近義詞與近義表達，現(xiàn)在我們來訓(xùn)練使用這些“法寶 ，讓句子閃閃發(fā)光 。優(yōu)化謂語動詞典型例題 I used to like reading and writing poems at middle school.I used to take delight in/ be fond of read ing and writi ng p

21、oems at middle school.【評析】使用動詞短語替換like，不僅可以更加準確的表達作者的心情態(tài)度，更表達短語儲藏量和靈活運用能力。 In our school, there are twenty ix classrooms.Our school is made up of twen ty-six classrooms.Our school con sists of twen ty-six classrooms.【評析】there be句型為初中常用句型，嘗試替換為動詞短語，不僅可以表達學生的短語積累也表達學生對句型的靈活駕馭能力。 The old photo made me

22、think of my happy childhood.The old photo reminded me of my happy childhood.【評析】make sb thi nk是典型的中式英語，remi nd sb of才是正確的表達方式。優(yōu)化狀語 You can find my house easily.You have no trouble/difficulty in finding my house .You can find my house without any difficulty【評析】副詞 easily轉(zhuǎn)換成謂語動詞have no difficulty in do

23、ing或狀語 without anydifficulty;有名詞組成的短語更能表達學生對于詞匯的掌控和詞匯積累程度。 Sudde nly I thought of a good idea.All of a sudden, a good idea occurred to meA good idea sudde nly struck me.【評析】suddenly詞匯過于簡單、泛泛，用all of a sudden與occur搭配使用更準確的表達突然性。1. 我們班大局部學生都是近視眼。Most stude nts in our class are n ear-sighted.The majori

24、ty of the students in our class are short-sighted.2. 我喜歡古典音樂。I enjoy classical music.I am in terested in classical music.I am fond of classical music.3. 他昨晚沒有去參加宴會。He didn attend the party last night.He wasn t present at/was absent frorthe party last night.4. 卓別林被認為是最滑稽的演員之一。Chapli n is known as one

25、 of the funni est actors.Chapli n is con sidered to be one of the funni est actors.Chapli n is regarded as one of the funni est actors.5. 他有可能成功。Probably/Perhaps/Maybe he will succeed.He is likely to succeed.It is likely/possible for him to succeed.恰當使用過渡詞句子間的銜接離不開過渡詞，恰當?shù)剡\用過渡詞才能使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊不松散。常用過渡詞有:羅輯關(guān)

26、系屯順序關(guān)系1.A nd,remember to send us your new address.2.I II mention the advantageI II talk about the disadvantages.3. Everyth ing will be all right答案：1. above all 2. Firstly then 3. in the end.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系1. Since n obody is perfect eno ugh to do everyth ing without a mistake, I totally agree thateverybody n e

27、eds help. On the other hand, we should give others help as well as gett ing it.2. Though/while we re busy with our study, just try to walk out of the door and enjoy the view with ourown heart.3. He was tired , however, he went on worki ng.4. In spite of much failure, he went on doing the experime nt

28、.what s more; besides; furthermorenoreoverto make matters worse; what s worse;worse still;1. I will spend more time remembering vocabulary every day. Besides, I will listen to some Englishmusic and stories when I have spare time at home.2. there is no doubt that English is one of the worlds most wid

29、ely used languages. Moreover, myliste ning and read ing is poor.3. We can see a lot of rubbish here and there. What snore, environmental pollution is harmful tohuma n bein gs.步說明in other words; that is to say;to put it ano ther way.典型例題ll follow by car1. Let s go back to the original plathat is to s

30、ay, you go ahead by plane and wewith the equipme nt.2. Your performanee in the exam didn t reach the requirednstdheawbrds , you fed.【講解】換一種方式表達，其實就是說兩句話是一個意思，所以閱讀理解中，假設(shè)一句話不明白，看 in other words后句話明白就行了for in sta nee; for example; like; such as; take for example.典型例題1. A lot of us want to leave now Bil

31、l, for example .2. There are a lot stationery like pencil, eraser, notebook and so on.3. We ve planted lots of different flowerssuch as roses, earnations.【講解】要對這些看起來很平常很普通的詞匯敏感，因為他們都有隱性的邏輯關(guān)系在，第二句中，如果stationery不懂什么意思，就完全可以通過like表達的邏輯關(guān)系判斷出來，like是比方，諸如的意思，那么意味著后面的pencil, eraser是對stationery的舉例解釋，所以很容易判斷

32、出 stationery 是文具的意思。比W陳述事實：in fact; in reality; as a matter of fact; actually; to tell you the truth.典型例題1. She says it s a goodAbtoially, she hasn t seen it at all.2. To tell you the truth, who will go to the meeting is not important.歸納總結(jié)：1. On the whole , the area of desert in the world is growing

33、 every year.2. All in all , it was a great successve ever seen.3. In short, the film was the best I4. I n a word, I love my school. I find my school life more and more meanin gful and colorful.5. So, to sum up, we need to focus on grammar training【講解】在閱讀理解中，或者完形填空中看到這樣的詞匯，應(yīng)該很興奮，因為它們后面就是作者的觀點和真實意思。應(yīng)對

34、一些主旨大意題是非常有用的。多彩句式二、專題精講1. Nothing is 比較級 than doing sthNobody/No one is 比較級 than sb例1：再沒有比聽莫扎特的樂曲更讓我快樂的事了譯文： Nothing gives me more pleasure/is more pleasant than listening to Mozart.批注：此句比 Listening to Mozart gives me the most pleasure. 更為高檔。例2：周末能睡個大懶覺最讓我開心了。譯文： Nothing is more enjoyable than stay

35、ing in bed late at weekends.2. Whoever/whatever/whenever/wherever/however 不管是誰 / 不管什么 /不管何時 /不管哪里/不管多么例1：不管是誰違反交通規(guī)那么都將受懲罰。譯文： Whoever disobeys the traffic rules will be punished.例 2：不管他演什么， Nicolas Cage 總能將觀眾吸引。譯文： Whatever role he plays, Nicolas Cage has the ability to make the audience attracted.W

36、hatever role he plays, Nicolas Cage always enables to attract the audience.例3：不管我們多忙，都應(yīng)該擠出點時間閱讀。譯文： However busy we are, we should squeeze out/make some time to read.3. The trouble/problem is that.The fact is thatOne advantage is that Another advantage is that One reason is that Another reason is th

37、at.例1： 問題是很少有人意識到它的嚴重性。譯文： The problem is that few people be aware how serious it is.4. Not only 句子 .but also 完整句子 半倒裝 not only 一般疑問句語序批注：此句型適合程度較好的學生，注意語序問題。例1：張全蛋不但中文很好，英文口語也很贊。譯文： Not only is Michael Jack excellent in Chinese, but also he masters/is good at spokenEnglish例 2: 空氣污染不但給人們的日常生活帶來不便，也給

38、身體健康帶來了危害。譯文： Not only does air pollution bring much convenience to peoples daily life, but also itdoes harm to health.5. It s high time that . 是的時候 .批注：此句型要提醒學生注意從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時例題：我們是時候采取一些措施結(jié)束這種情況。譯文： It is high time that we took measures to put an end to this situation.7. in the following ways.用以下方法。

39、 for three main reasons. 有三個主要理由。To , there are at least three things we can do. 要 ?至少我們可做三件事。例1：我用以下方法增加信心。譯文： I increase my confidence in the following ways.例2：人們學外語有三個理由。譯文： People learn a foreign language for three main reasons.例 3：為了保持健康 ?我們每天至少可做三件事。譯文： To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.IV. Writing ( 作文 )Write an article of at least 80 words about the topic“make(s) me hap 以Use the following points as a ref