初2英語9-10單元復(fù)習(xí)

1、When was she born?她是什么時候出生的？ She was born in 1973.她出生于1973年。（1）when指什么時間，對時間狀語提問。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“When+助動詞/系動詞+主語+？”如：When did you go to the movies?你什么時候去看的電影？When does he come back?他什么時候回來？（2）born是bear的過去分詞，僅用于被動詞態(tài)，不與by連用。be born意為“出生，出世”。如：She was born in 1980.她出生于1980年。He was born in Canada.他出生在加拿大。2How long

2、 did Charles Smith hiccup? 查爾斯史密斯打嗝打了多長時間？how long意思是“多長時間；多長（指長度）”，它表示“動作延續(xù)了多長時間”。如：How long did you do your homework? 你做作業(yè)用了多長時間？For about two hours. 大約兩小時。How long is the river? 這條河有多長？知識拓展：how構(gòu)成的一些疑問短語還有很多，主要有how often, how soon, how far等。（1）how often 表示時間，它強(qiáng)調(diào)“動作發(fā)生的頻率”，意思是“多長時間一次”。如：How often do

3、 you watch TV? 你多長時間看一次電視？I watch TV once a week. 我一個星期看一次電視。（2）how soon 也表示時間，它表示“動作將在多長時間之后才發(fā)生”，意思是“多久以后”。如：How soon will you come back home? 你多久才回家？In about two hours. 兩個小時之后。（3）how far 表示距離，意思是“多遠(yuǎn)”。如：How far is it from your home? 它離你家有多遠(yuǎn)？3You are never too young to start doing things.你的年齡再小也可以干一

4、番事業(yè)。tooto 表示“太而不能”。如：She is too young to go to school. 她太小了，不能上學(xué)。但如果too前面，加上never，這個結(jié)構(gòu)就變成了雙重否定，譯文就要成為肯定意義了。如：We are never too old to learn.我們活到老，學(xué)到老。(我們絕不至于太老而不能學(xué)習(xí)了。)too前面加only或but(相當(dāng)于really)以加強(qiáng)語氣。如：The girl is only too glad to come here. 這個女孩真是很高興來這兒。4He spends all his free time with his grandchild

5、ren.他花所有的空閑時間和他的孫兒孫女們在一起。spend的用法：（1）spendn. 度過，消磨Come and spend the weekend with us.來和我們一塊度周末吧。That man spent three years in prison.那個人在監(jiān)獄里呆了三年。（2）spend n.onn. 花時間/金錢在方面He spent all his money on books.他把他所有的錢花在書上了。She spent twenty dollars on the dress.在這件長裙上她花了20美元。（3）spendn.(in)doing sth. 花時間/金錢做D

6、ont spend too much time (in) playing computer games!別花那么多時間打游戲！I spent two hours (in) doing my homework. 我花了兩小時做家庭作業(yè)。5When still a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music.當(dāng)他還是小男孩時，他就會哼唱歌和有難度的音樂。（1）When still a small boy是When he was still a small boy的省略句，當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的主語和主句中的主語一

7、致，且謂語動詞是be時，從句中的主語和be動詞可以省去。如：When a child, I was very fat.當(dāng)我小的時候，我很胖。（2）still是副詞，意思是“還是，仍然”，一般放在be動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后，行為動詞之前。如：He still stays in bed though its late for school.雖然上學(xué)遲到了，但是他還躺在床上。My parents are still working in the factory.我父母還在廠里工作。6He began to learn the accordion at the age of four.四歲時，他開

8、始學(xué)手風(fēng)琴。at the age of 意思是“在歲時”。如：At the age of two, my daughter could speak English.兩歲時，我女兒就會說英語了。At the age of 7, she could go to school. 7歲時，她就能上學(xué)了。7Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Competition in Warsaw, Poland.李云迪參加了在波蘭華沙舉行的第十四屆肖邦國際比賽。take part in 意思是“參加”，一般指參加活動。如：Ill take part

9、 in an important meeting.我將參加一個重要的會議。Which sport would you like to take part in? 你想?yún)⒓幽捻椷\(yùn)動？辨析：join, join in與take part in 三者都可譯成“參加”，但意義和用法有異。join 意為“加入某一種組織，成為其中一員”，join后面還可接表示人的名詞或代詞，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。如：My uncle joined the Party in 1978. 我叔叔是1978年入黨的。We are going for a swim. Will you come and join us

10、？我們要去游泳，你和我們一起去好嗎？join in 表示“加入”，“參加”某種活動，in之后可接名詞或動詞-ing形式，表示“參加某人的活動”，可以說join sb. in (doing) sth.如：He joined them in the work.他同他們一起工作。Will you join us in playing basketball? 你跟我們一起打籃球好嗎？take part in 指參加會議或群眾性活動，重在說明句子主語參加該項活動并在其中發(fā)揮作用。如：The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday.昨天老師參加了我們的討

11、論。When will you take part in the meeting? 你將什么時候參加會議？注意：join in后面可以不跟賓語，take part in后面必須跟賓語。翻譯：讓我參加。誤：Let me take part in.正：Let me join in.8He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 因為背痛，他停止了踢足球。because of是個介詞短語，意思是“因為；由于”，后跟名詞短語、代詞等。如：He didnt come to school because of his illness. 因為生病

12、，所以他沒有來上學(xué)。My father didnt buy me a birthday present because of business.因為忙，我爸爸沒有給我買生日禮物。注意because后需接句子，如上面的兩句可分別改寫成：He didnt come to school because he was ill.My father didnt buy me a birthday present because he was busy.易混辨析：stop doing與stop to dostop doing意思是“停止正在做的事情”。其中stop是及物動詞，-ing動詞是“停止”的對象。s

13、top to do意思是“停下來去做某事”。也就是說，停下(原來做的事)去做另一件事情。例如：She stopped singing. 她停止了唱歌。(她不唱了。)She stopped to sing.她停下來去唱歌。(她將要唱歌。)9She goes to Tsinghua University, majors in English and management.她上了清華大學(xué)，主攻英語和管理學(xué)。major in 意思是“主攻；主修”。如：I want to major in English when I go to college. 當(dāng)我上大學(xué)時，我想主攻英語。He likes math

14、 very much, so he majors in it every day.他非常喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，因此他每天專學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。What are you going to be when you grow up? 你打算長大后做什么？ Im going to be a computer programmer. 我打算成為一名電腦程序設(shè)計員。（1）這是一個be going to 用于特殊問句的句子，be going to用于疑問句中時將be放在主語前。如：Are you going to hike to the top of the mountain? 你們要徒步登上山頂嗎？When are you go

15、ing to start? 你們什么時候出發(fā)？be going to表示將要發(fā)生的動作，含有“計劃，打算”的意思，后跟動詞原形，常跟表將來的時間連用，諸如：next Sunday下星期天，next month下個月，next year明年等。如：Im going to play football this afternoon. 我打算今天下午踢足球。Im not going to swim this Sunday. 這個星期天我不打算去游泳。（2）grow up 指人或動物長大；成年；成熟。如：Shes growing up fast. 她長得很快。A close friendship gra

16、dually grew up between them.他們之間的友誼關(guān)系日益親密。2Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy. 巴黎聽起來像是一座我會喜歡的城市。（1）sound like意思是“聽起來像”，sound作連系動詞用，like是介詞，作表語。如：That sounds like a good idea.聽起來是一個好主意。（2）that I could enjoy是定語從句修飾city, that為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中擔(dān)任動詞賓語，可以省去。如：I have a beautiful skirt (that) I like very m

17、uch.我有一條漂亮的裙子，我非常喜歡。Were going to help tourists who cant speak English.我們將幫助不會說英語的游客。3I want to be a reporter for a fashion magazine.我想做一名時尚雜志的記者。（1）want to be意思是“想成為；想做”，be是“成為；作為”之意。如：I want to be a computer engineer like Bill Gates.我想成為一個像比爾蓋茨那樣的電腦工程師。（2）fashion意思是“時尚；時裝”。如：The clothes are the fa

18、shion this year. 這種衣服今年非常流行。We will hold a fashion show. 我們將舉辦一場時裝表演。4Im going to study French at the same time.同時我將要學(xué)習(xí)法語。at the same time 意思是“在同時”。如：I am doing my homework, at the same time my parents are cooking.我正在做功課，同時我父母正在燒飯。They came into classroom at the same time. 他們同時進(jìn)的教室。5Im going to buy

19、a big house and Im going to travel all over the world.我打算買一所大房子，并打算周游全世界。all over the world 意思是“全世界”。如：There are 6.9 billion people all over the world. 全世界有69億人。I think he is the tallest man all over the world. 我認(rèn)為他是全世界最高的人。6Im going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.我準(zhǔn)備寫文章

20、，并把它們寄到雜志社和報社。send 意思是“送；派；遞”，常用于sendto短語，意思是“把送到（某地）/送給（某人）”，當(dāng)用于send sth. to sb.短語時，可換成send sb. sth.，但是如果“某物”是人稱代詞時，則只能用前面的結(jié)構(gòu)；send for的意思是“派人去請”。如：Would you like to send these things to teachers office?你愿意把這些東西送到老師辦公室嗎？She sent me a present. =She sent a present to me. 她送給我一件禮物。She sent for the doct

21、or. 她派人去請醫(yī)生。7Im going to move somewhere interesting. 我將要搬到有趣的地方去。somewhere“某處”，是不定代詞，修飾不定代詞的形容詞應(yīng)放在不定代詞之后。如：something beautiful美麗的東西somewhere quiet安靜的地方There is nothing interesting in todays paper.今天的報紙上沒什么有趣的（新聞）。8Some girls are going to exercise more to keep fit.有些女孩子們將更多地鍛煉以保持健康。（1）exercise可以作名詞用，

22、意思是“運(yùn)動，鍛煉；體操；習(xí)題，練習(xí)題”。但是，作“運(yùn)動；鍛煉”解時，它是不可數(shù)名詞，作“體操；習(xí)題；練習(xí)題”解時，它是可數(shù)名詞。如：My grandfather often does exercise, so he is very healthy.我爺爺經(jīng)常做鍛煉，所以他的身體非常好。We do morning exercises every day. 我們每天都做早操。These exercises are too difficult for me. 這些習(xí)題對我來說太難了。exercise還可以作動詞用，意思是“做運(yùn)動；進(jìn)行鍛煉”。如：You should exercise more s

23、o as to keep energetic.你應(yīng)當(dāng)多鍛煉以保持精力充沛。You dont exercise enough. 你鍛煉不夠。（2）keep fit 意思是“保持健康”。如：If you want to keep fit, you must do more exercise and eat less food.如果你想保持健康，你必須做更多的鍛煉，吃更少的食物。We must take good care of ourselves and keep fit.我們必須好好照顧自己以保持身體健康。9They want to communicate better with their k

24、ids. 他們想更好地與孩子們交流。（1）communicate with sb. 意思是“交流思想，交換信息”。如：The police communicate with each other by radio.警察通過無線電互相聯(lián)絡(luò)。（2）better在這兒是副詞well的比較級，修飾動詞時應(yīng)用副詞，good是形容詞。如：She is a good girl. 她是一個好女孩。She does well in maths. 她擅長數(shù)學(xué)。三、語法點撥be going to 句型1構(gòu)成：be going to動詞原形助動詞be要隨著主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變成am, is, are. 動詞不定式

25、的符號to后必須接動詞原形?？隙ㄊ剑褐髡Zam /is /are going to 動詞原形。否定式：主語am /is /arenotgoing to動詞原形。疑問式：Am /Is /Are 主語going to動詞原形？肯定回答：Yes, 主語am /is /are.否定回答：No, 主語am /is /arenot.注意：一般疑問句是將be動詞移到句首，特殊疑問句是將動詞be放在疑問詞后。否定句是在be動詞后加“not”，可縮寫成arent, isnt，但“I am not”只能縮寫成“Im not”.2用法：表近期將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、決定要做的事，是一般將來時的一種形式。與這一結(jié)構(gòu)連

26、用的時間狀語有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning（afternoon, evening）, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year), this afternoon (evening)等e.g. Are you going to see Uncle Wang next week？ 你下星期打算去看王叔叔嗎？ The old man is going to hike to the top of the mountain. 這位老人將徒步登到山頂。 Is there going to be a new film this weekend? 這個周末會有一部新電影嗎？ Im going to hold art exhibitions that will make me rich and famous. 我打算舉辦能讓我成名和富有的藝術(shù)展覽。 Is your brother going to move somewhere interesting? 你哥哥打算搬到某個有趣的地方去嗎？ He isnt going to help her with her Chinese. 他不打算幫她學(xué)漢語。 Are you going to fi