淺析公共治理視角下的政府信息透明度

1、淺析公共治理視角下的政府信息透明度論文關(guān)鍵詞： 信息公開公共治理透明度論文摘要： 在行政管理的實(shí)踐中，我國(guó)信息公開制度逐漸，信息透明度，仍然著程度的官僚作風(fēng)嚴(yán)重，信息公開主體責(zé)任，法律約束和監(jiān)管機(jī)制與獎(jiǎng)懲制度等問(wèn)題。本文在公共治理理論的視角下，從理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)分析了信息公開的必要性，并了有性的解決建議。一、引言信息公開是指行政機(jī)關(guān)依照法定程序以法定公開其的與公眾利益的信息，并且允許公眾查詢、摘錄、閱覽、復(fù)制、收聽、觀看、下載等行政機(jī)關(guān)所的信息的與制度。在實(shí)踐中，我國(guó)信息公開制度在發(fā)展，信息透明度。從2001年我國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織在透明度原則要求下開始關(guān)注信息公開，到2003年的sars災(zāi)難使人們看

2、到信息公開的緊迫性；從2008年3月安徽阜陽(yáng)腸道病毒傳染病事件公眾對(duì)信息公開的質(zhì)疑與不滿，到2008年5月信息公開條例的頒布，看到正在信息公開主體的作用，在保障公民權(quán)利、行政、預(yù)防和懲治腐敗、社會(huì)等方已有面。，我國(guó)的信息公開仍然著主義、內(nèi)容有限、渠道較窄、制度和法律保障等的問(wèn)題，亟需解決。二、信息透明的必要性分析（一）理論分析1.與民間組織、公共與私人之間的合作與互動(dòng)是公共治理最大的特點(diǎn)，在應(yīng)對(duì)重大危機(jī)事件時(shí)要的權(quán)威和服務(wù)作用，而且不應(yīng)局限于，應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)組織的。在只其行政作用的情況下，壟斷的權(quán)利、資源及關(guān)鍵信息，就會(huì)使公眾被動(dòng)地位，府的不之下，公共利益會(huì)受到損害3。2.善治的治理，強(qiáng)調(diào)、法治

3、、責(zé)任的公共服務(wù)體系。我國(guó)剛剛開始由管理型向服務(wù)型轉(zhuǎn)變，法律、規(guī)則和政策還都，也一套完整的公共服務(wù)體系，是法治體系。只能在問(wèn)題后才開始著手的應(yīng)急機(jī)制，2008年3月安徽阜陽(yáng)腸道病毒傳染病事件在全社會(huì)惡劣，于是出臺(tái)了信息公開條例，要求信息公開意識(shí)，信息透明度。信息公開條例依然上升到法律，僅僅停留在制度，對(duì)信息公開主體的約束權(quán)威。3.治理組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)的管理，指的是在信任和互利基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。權(quán)力的機(jī)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該公共利益，要社會(huì)媒體的作用，企圖將信息封鎖府內(nèi)部，而在公共輿論的強(qiáng)大下不公開信息，那就非常被動(dòng)了。4.治理在某種程度上意味著在尋求問(wèn)題的解決上著界限和責(zé)任的模糊性4，在重大問(wèn)題和關(guān)鍵的信息的公開上

4、，涉及多、利益主體，在現(xiàn)有國(guó)情下，各部們之間無(wú)法無(wú)縫隙的協(xié)同合作，往往會(huì)責(zé)任的推卸和行動(dòng)的延后，使信息公開透明和。（二）現(xiàn)實(shí)原因分析1.轉(zhuǎn)型，官僚主義嚴(yán)重。、官員出于自身形象和保護(hù)自身利益的需要，無(wú)視公共利益，壟斷、封鎖信息。2003年的sars事件，2008年的阜陽(yáng)腸道病毒傳染病事件，地方自可以將病情控制住，從而將整個(gè)事件隱瞞，事件的發(fā)展并不的愿望，反而越演越烈，這時(shí)地方才不公布真相。可見，官員太在乎的形象、政績(jī)和官運(yùn)了。2.對(duì)官員的懲罰措施。企圖隱瞞事實(shí)的行政官員之在輿論風(fēng)暴中“巋然不動(dòng)”，是輿論和民意還無(wú)法從上決定其官職的去留。官員的選任、提拔和獎(jiǎng)懲，還往往在某幾個(gè)人甚至某人手中，任用選

5、拔的程序透明，既公平、公正、公開，又無(wú)法干部的品德與能力。惡性事件后，官員的彈性，引咎辭職，而只是道歉認(rèn)錯(cuò)作結(jié)。3.信息公開法律約束及的監(jiān)管機(jī)制。從上世紀(jì)90年代中后期起便推行政務(wù)公開等改革措施，但信息公開立法長(zhǎng)期缺席，并從上現(xiàn)狀。三、府信息透明度的途徑（一）治理主體治理主體應(yīng)該由單一的行政變?yōu)橛?、企業(yè)和社會(huì)組織各方有序的合作集體。一，社會(huì)組織等多元主體可以為制定決策信息，并且在的中為的支持和幫助，解決問(wèn)題的。另一，多元主體之間可以良性的監(jiān)督和制約關(guān)系，有利于防止壟斷資源和信息。（二）健全法制約束機(jī)制治理程序要考慮因素，而且要考慮公平、自由、民主和并重，更要從管理體制或者運(yùn)行機(jī)制等對(duì)公共深層次

6、的改革。2008年5月信息公開條例的誕生，使得“信息公開”政治實(shí)驗(yàn)跨越了辦事制度改革的，上升為責(zé)任和公民權(quán)利，它顯示了“陽(yáng)光”和“透明”的政治勇氣5，行政法規(guī)制定之后要收到理想的，還需要執(zhí)法的執(zhí)法和行政官員的自律、自省。（三）的監(jiān)督及獎(jiǎng)懲機(jī)制治理的方向應(yīng)當(dāng)由單一的自上而下變?yōu)樯舷伦笥业幕?dòng)模式。法律保障公民知情權(quán)僅僅是步，緊隨其后的就應(yīng)當(dāng)是權(quán)和監(jiān)督權(quán)的與保障。信息公開、公民公共決策，監(jiān)督才有制度基礎(chǔ)和的。電子政務(wù)平臺(tái)的支持，把只由傳達(dá)信息，公民被動(dòng)接收的單向模式變?yōu)樾畔⒒?dòng)、公開透明的雙向模式，從而的信息傳達(dá)機(jī)制和監(jiān)督機(jī)制。的決姑息，要對(duì)責(zé)任及個(gè)人通報(bào)批評(píng)處罰，防止類似事件。（四）治理手段和治

7、理工具治理手段由單純強(qiáng)調(diào)法治變?yōu)榉ㄖ?、德治和社?huì)公民自覺(jué)自愿的合作補(bǔ)充。僅僅制定法律約束力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)多種治理手段和工具，如新聞傳媒的力量，其在信息傳達(dá)和監(jiān)督的中介和導(dǎo)向作用；，也要開發(fā)新的治理工具，如網(wǎng)絡(luò)工具等，建設(shè)門戶網(wǎng)站的，信息負(fù)載量和透明度，打破信息封閉的現(xiàn)狀，開始實(shí)踐知情、監(jiān)督等公民權(quán)利；此外，還要新聞發(fā)言人群體的崛起，是在公共危機(jī)、突發(fā)事件的應(yīng)對(duì)上的宣傳作用，在讓公民的和反映。總之，信息公開機(jī)制，信息透明度一朝一夕就能的，在先進(jìn)理論的下，在實(shí)踐中改進(jìn)、創(chuàng)新，信息才能真正透明化、公開化，使利益保障。參考文獻(xiàn)：1張秀華。我國(guó)信息公開制度的規(guī)范分析d。政法大學(xué)，2006.2路瑤。試論信息公

8、開d。首都師范大學(xué)，2007.3徐凌。公共管理職能下體制創(chuàng)新的若干思考j。才智，2008.4魏濤。公共治理理論綜述j。資料通訊，2006.5楊濤。公開信息“陽(yáng)光”j。觀察與思考，2004，（19）。ycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav2ohum32wgeauwydiawgmer4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkagtgkqcwa3p tgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcw

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