一般現(xiàn)在時的概念

1、一般現(xiàn)在時1.概念：一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式：(1)be 型：句子的謂語動詞只有be(am，is 或 are)：a.肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)be，如：I am a student.我是一名學(xué)生。b.否定句中，要在be 后面加 not，如：She isnt a teacher她.不是教師。c.一般疑問句，要將be 放在句子開頭(注意句首字母大寫)，句尾用問號，答語用Yes，主語+be. 或 No ，主語 +be+not. 如： Are you ready?你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎 ? Yes，I am.是的，我準(zhǔn)備好了。( No ， Im

2、not. 不，我沒準(zhǔn)備好。)(2)實義動詞型 ：句中的謂語動詞為實義動詞(也叫行為動詞)：a.肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)實義動詞，如：I get up in the morning. 我早晨起床。b.否定句中， 要在實義動詞前面加 do(does)+not ，do(does)作助動詞， 本身無意義， 常與 not 縮寫成 dont(doesnt)，如： I dont like vegetables.我不喜歡蔬菜。c.一般疑問句，要在句子開頭加助動詞Do(does)，句尾用問號，簡略答語用Yes，主語+do(does).或 No ，主語 +do(does)+not. 如： Do you like oran

3、ges?你喜歡桔子嗎? Yes， I do.是的，我喜歡。( No ， I dont. 不，我不喜歡。)3.一般現(xiàn)在時的用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用，如：on Sunday等。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早上7 點去上學(xué)。2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實。every, sometimes, at,The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽。Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中國的東部。3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride

4、 goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。Xiao Wang writes good English but does not speak well.小王的英語書面表達能力比口語好?！?No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作。構(gòu)成 :主語 + 動詞原形 +賓語一般現(xiàn)在時用行為動詞的原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時，動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。（一般的動詞詞尾+S。以 sh/ch/ss/x結(jié)尾的詞 +es.以輔音字母Y 結(jié)尾的把Y 變成 i 再 +es。輔音字母 +o 結(jié)尾的 +es.特殊變化：

5、 have變?yōu)?has)【No. 2 】一般現(xiàn)在時的應(yīng)用(1)在實際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時常與以下時間狀語聯(lián)用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)一.用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.What time_ his father_(do) the work?2.He _(get) up at five o clock.3._ you _(brush) your teeth e

6、very morning.4.What _ ( do ) he usually _( do ) after school?5.Tom _ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Kitty sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she _( watch ) TV with her parents.8. _ Mike_( read ) English every day?9.How many lessons_ your

7、 classmates_( have ) on Monday?10.We often_ ( play ) football in the playground.二選擇() 1. _ you have a book?A. DoB. AreC. IsD. Have)2. They _ on a farm.A. workingB. is workC. workD. is worked) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?_.A. Yes, he likeB. No, he doesn tC. Yes, hed likeD. No, he likes)4. She does

8、nt _ her homework in the afternoon.A. doingB. to doC. doesD. do)5. How _ Mr. Brown _ to America?A. do,goB. is,goC. does,goD. does,goes)6. Wheres my camera? I_ it.A. am not findingB. am not seeingC. can t findD. cant look at)7. How _ he go to work?He _ to work by bike.A. does ;goB. do;goesC. do ;goD.

9、 does;goes)8. _ you usually late for school?No, _.A. Do ; I amB. Does ;notC. Are ; I m notD. Are ; I aren t)9. _ she _ home at six every day?A. Is , leaveB. Does , leaveC. Is , leaves D. Does , left)10. Mr. Yang _ English this term.A. teaches ourB. teaches us C. teachs usD. teach our三按要求完成句子1.Tom do

10、es his homework at home.否定句 :_一般疑問句 :_2.She has a lot of work to do this week.(改一般疑問句 )_3.We have a big TV set in our house.(改為否定句 )_4.Does she have any English-Chinese dictionary?(作否定回答 )_5.Wehave some nice pictures.主(語改為he)_現(xiàn)在進行時的講解與練習(xí)?？捎脕肀硎粳F(xiàn)在進行時的時間狀語，常用的有：now, this week, at this moment，right now或

11、者告訴你一個準(zhǔn)確的現(xiàn)在時間，或者用look, listen （常用于句子的開頭，表示提醒聽者注意正在發(fā)生的事情）（一）基本用法：（1）表示（說話瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。I m visiting my friends now.也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。He is always working hard.他總是非常努力地工作。(表示贊揚 )等；（ 2）謂語構(gòu)成： be (am/ is/ are) v-ing （動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）【注意】 be 動詞要與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。如：I m watching TV now. 我現(xiàn)在正在看電視。 They re p

12、laying football. 他們正在踢足球。（ 3）現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成。a.一般情況下在動詞詞尾加ing。go goingb.以不發(fā)音的e 結(jié)尾的動詞，去掉have havingtake takingask e 加（問，詢問）askinging。make（做，制造） makingwritelook looking（寫）writingc.以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后一個字母，再加get gettingsit（坐）sitting put （放）-ing。puttingrun（跑） runningswim swimmingbegin（開始）beginningshop shoppingd

13、.特殊形式lie-lyingdie-dying（四）現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問式及簡略回答。（ 1）肯定式：主語 +be v-ing + 其他 He is running. 他正在跑。（ 2）否定式：主語 +be not v-ing + 其他 He is not running.The students aren t cleaning the roomw.這no些學(xué)生現(xiàn)在沒有在打掃房間。（3）一般問句： be 動詞提前?！癇e+主語+v-ing+ 其他？”肯定答語Yes，主語 be.否定答語 No ，主語 be not.Is he running?Yes, he is.No, he i

14、sn t.Are The students cleaning the room now?Yes, they are.No, they aren t.（4）特殊問句式：“疑問詞 +be 主語 v-ing其他？”a. 對謂語動詞進行提問的： What be 主語 doing其他？What is the old man doing under the tree? 那個老人正在樹下面做什么呢？b. 對其他成份進行提問的，疑問詞一般疑問句？Where is the boy swimming? 那個男孩正在哪里游泳？Who is she waiting for? 她正在等誰呢？五、現(xiàn)在進行時與一般現(xiàn)在時的

15、區(qū)別（一）現(xiàn)在進行時表示動作的暫時性，而一般現(xiàn)在時表示動作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性 I am watching TV now. （暫時性）我現(xiàn)在在看電視。I watch TV every day. （經(jīng)常性）我每天都看電視。（二）現(xiàn)在進行時可表示短暫性動作，而一般現(xiàn)在時表示長久性動作。Lucy is living in Beijing. （短時間居?。┞段鲿簳r住在北京。Lucy lives in Beijing. （長久性居?。┞段髟诒本┚幼』蛏?。（三）現(xiàn)在進行時表示的動作可帶有感情色彩，而一般現(xiàn)在時所表述的動作通常是事實。You re always forgetting the most impo

16、rtant things.（責(zé)備）你總是愛忘記最重要的事情。He is always helping others. （贊揚）他一直都在幫助他人。He often helps others. （事實）他經(jīng)常幫助別人。（四）有些動詞不能用進行時， know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice。這些動詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示說話時發(fā)生的動作。1)表示“擁有”的動詞。如have (has) 等。例句： I have a nice bike now.

17、 (我現(xiàn)在有一輛漂亮的自行車。)不能說成 : I am having a nice bike now.2) 有些表示感覺的感官動詞。如： see, find, look (看起來 )，hear (聽見 )等。例句： We see him. (我們看見他。 )不能說成： We are seeing him.但是，有些表示感覺的動詞，如：listen to, look at 等可用現(xiàn)在進行時。如： They are listening to the teacher. 他(們在聽老師講課。)3)表示“喜歡”“厭惡”的動詞。如：like, love, hate (討厭 )等。例句： We love o

18、ur country. (我們熱愛祖國。)不可說 : We are loving our country.4)表示知識或腦力的動詞。如：think, know, forget 等。例句： I think you are right. ( 我認(rèn)為你是對的。)不能說成： I am thinking you are right.5)表示狀態(tài)的be 動詞“是”。例句： She is at home. 她(在家。 )不能說成： She is being at home.6)表示“希望”、“愿望”、“心愿”等的動詞。如：want 等詞。例句： I want to see her now. (我現(xiàn)在就想見到

19、她。)不能說成： I am wanting to see her now.【典型例題】一、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Look! There _(be) a lot of people over there. What _they _ (do) now?2. What _ your mother _ (do)? She is a teacher.3. It _ (rain) heavily outside now. You must stay at home.4. Don t sing. The baby _(sleep).5. My brother _ (not like) pla

20、ying basketball, but he _ (like) playing football.6. What _ you usually _ (do) on Sunday? I usually _ (stay) at home and _ (do) my homework.7. Listen! The girls _ (sing) in the next room.8.My sister _ (want) to be a teacher.9.It s seven o clock now. The Greens _ (have) supper.10. He often _ (swim) o

21、n Sundays. Look! He _ (swim) at the pool.二、單項選擇1.I want _ homework now.A. doingB. to doC. to do myD. do my2.It s time _.A. go to schoolB. play gamesC. to go homeD. to do my homeworks3.The boy is _ to his teacher.A. sayingB. speakingC. talkingD. telling4.I m _ a book in the room.A. watchingB. seeingC

22、. readingD. looking5.Where _ he _ from?A. is, comeB. do, comeC. does, comeD. is, from6.Do they have a new car? Yes, _.A. they areB. they haveC. they don tD. they do7.He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A. haveB. hasC. is havingD. is eating8.It s 6 o clock in the morning. He _.A. get upB. gets u

23、pC. is geting upD. is getting up9.What are you doing? I m _ TV.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watching10. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A. are havingB. aren t havingC. don t haveD. are have11. Tom _ an English class now.A. is havingB. hasC. havingD. have12. Are you playing basketball? No, we _

24、.A. isn tB. aren tC. notD. don t三、按要求改寫句子1. The boy is playing basketball.否定句： _一般疑問句： _肯定回答： _否定回答： _對“ The boy”提問：2. Mrs. White is watching TV. （劃線部分提問）_3. They are waiting for you at the library.（就劃線部分提問）_4. they are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)_5. The students are cleaning the classroom . (改

25、一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)_一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時綜合練習(xí)一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1.work_read_ clean_ write_2.teach_ wash_ guess_watch_3. go_do_photo_4.study_ fly_cry_play_5. have_二、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式1.work_sing_play_ study_2. dance_ have_write_ take_3. run_ sit_ shop_swim_三、選擇題練習(xí)1.Who _ over there now?A. singingB. are singC. is singingD

26、. sing2.It s eight o clock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is having D. are having3.Listen! The baby _ in the next room.A. cryingB. criedC. is cryingD. cries4.Look! The twins _ new sweaters.A. are wearingB. wearingC. are wearD. is wearing5.Don t talk here. Grandparents _.A. is sl

27、eepingB. are sleepingC. sleepingD. sleep6.Tom is a worker. He _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital.A. work/ workB. works/ workC. work/ works7.Who _ English best in your class?A. speakB. speaks C. speaking8.Mrs Read _ the windows every day.A. is cleaningB. cleanC. cleans9.We _ music and often

28、_ to music.A. like/ listenB. likes/ listensC. like/ are listening10. She _ up at six in the morning.A. getB. getsC. getting11. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping.A. wash/ doB. is washing/ is doingC. washes/ does12. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but

29、 Jim _ some coffee for it.A. have/ haveB. have/ hasC. has/ have13I want_homework now.A. doingB. to doC. to do myD. do my14Its time_.A. go to schoolC. to go homeB. play gamesD. to do my homeworks15_you_the blackboard?Yes,I am.A.Can, cleanB. Am, cleaningC. Are, cleaningD. Do, clean16_go and help her.A

30、. Lets meB.Lets usC.LetsD. Lets to17. Do they have a new car? Yes,_.A.they are B.they haveC.they dontD.they do18.He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A. haveB. hasC. is having D. is eating19.It s 6 o clock in the morning. He _.A. get upB. gets upC. is geting upD. is getting up20.What are you doi

31、ng? I m _TV.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watching21.We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A. are havingB. aren t having C. don t haveD. have22.Tom _ an English class now.A. is havingB. hasC. havingD. have23.Are you playing basketball?No, we _.A. isnBt. aren t C. notD. don t24.Listen! The girl _ in t

32、he room.A. singsB. singingC. is singingD. are singing25.Where _ he _ from?A. is, comeB. do, comeC. does, comeD. is , from26.Listen! They _ in the next room.A. singB. is singingC. are singingD. were singing27.Lucy is always busy. She _ only five hours every day.A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. would sle

33、epD. sleeps28.It s eight o clock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is havingD. are having29.-Is your father a doctor?-Yes, he is. He _ in Town Hospital.A. has workedB. is workingC. worksD. worked30.-Excuse me, where is Jim?-Oh, he _ dumplings in the kitchen.A. makesB. will makeC. i

34、s makingD. made31.Don t turn on the TV. Grandma _ now.A. is sleepingB. will sleepC. sleptD. sleeps32. -_ you _ a book?-Yes, I am.A. Do; readB. Are; readC. Are; readingD. Are; looking33. Sometimes she _ in the day, but now she is _.A. works; workingB. working; workC. work; workingD. work; work34. Kat

35、e _, and the others _.A. sing; listenB. is singing; is listening C. sing; are listening D. is singing; arelistening35. -Tom _ the piano in the room.-Please ask him to come here.A. playB. playsC. playedD. is playing四、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. My father always _(come) back from work very late.2. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six hours a day.3. Listen! Joan _(sing) in the classroom. She