（推薦）初中定語從句講練結(jié)合

1、復(fù)習(xí)請判斷下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)類型1.He is running. 2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry. 3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions. 4.She seemed angry. 5.My father bought me a beautiful present. 6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？7.Will you tell us an exciting story？8.We must keep our c

2、lassroom tidy and clean. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open？用五種基本句型翻譯1. 比爾和吉姆每天都一起讀書一起玩2. 這些玫瑰花看起來很美，聞起來也很香。3. 大部分的小孩都愛閱讀故事4. 請給我們一些吃的東西5. 老師經(jīng)常都要我們坐得端正One summer evening Newtonnju:tn（牛頓）sat quietly on a bench in the garden. An apple fell to the ground fro

3、m a tree. He saw it and thought “Why did an apple fall?”He studied very hard. Later he found out the reason. One day Newton sat at his desk. He was studying very hard. His servant came into the room. He left an egg on his desk.There was a watch on the desk. Into the boiling water in the kettle Newto

4、n put the watch instead.基本句型一: _ + _ (主+謂) 基本句型二: _ +_ +_(主+系+表) 基本句型三: _ +_ +_(主+謂+賓) 基本句型四: _+_+_ +_ （主謂間賓直賓） 基本句型五：_+_+_+_ 主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）定語從句學(xué)習(xí)定語是什么1. the little boy a blue pen two boys his boy a ball pen 2. 介詞短語作定語 the boy in the classroom two boys of 93. 副詞作定語 the boy there前置定語的排序： 形容詞遵循的詞序為：限觀形齡色國材，指：

5、限定詞（一般指數(shù)量）；外觀（美麗等）；形狀（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年齡；顏色；國籍；材料；用途。如：1 限定詞 2 外觀 3形狀 4年齡 5顏色 6國籍 7材料 8用途練習(xí)：一所美國的著名大學(xué)一幅有趣的紅色的法國小油畫定語從句例句1： The man who/that was here yesterday is a middle school teacher.1. 先行詞 man（即從句修飾的名詞或代詞）;2. 關(guān)系代詞 who /that（修飾人）。例句2：This is the town where I was born.1. 先行詞 town （即從句修飾的名詞）；2. 關(guān)系副詞 wher

6、e （修飾地點，從句中狀語）。1、 定語從句及相關(guān)概念定語：可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)量詞、名詞、副詞、不定代詞、介詞短語等來擔(dān)任。如果是一個句子擔(dān)任定語，那么這個句子就是定語從句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary.概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行詞 關(guān)系詞先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的詞。 關(guān)系詞： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞所指關(guān)系詞在句中作用關(guān)系代詞that 人/物 主、賓、表 which 物 主、賓、表、定（偶） who 人 主、賓

7、 whom人賓 whose 人/物 定關(guān)系副詞when時間時間狀語 where地點 地點狀語why原因 原因狀語關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因為關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。 The woman is my mother. She is speaking at the meetingThe woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother.1）要判斷出先行詞（2）要確定關(guān)系代詞（即先行詞）在從句中所擔(dān)任的成分（3）要確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱和

8、數(shù) 注：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制The woman who(that) spoken yesterday is my mother.3. 各關(guān)系代詞的使用方法 1. 關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示物的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作主語或賓語) 。which / that 作主語. (不能省)This is a dream. The dream will never come true. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. _This is the house. The house is

9、for sale. _ The book is mine. The book is lying on the floor _which / that 作賓語 ： （可省略）This is the card. Ive just received the card. _This is the mistake. I always make the mistake. _I still keep the letters . She wrote the letters to me. _I lost the pen . My father bought me the pen. _2. 關(guān)系代詞who, th

10、at, whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作主語或賓語) whom (作賓語)who / that 作主語. (不能省)This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China. _The boy is called Roy. The boy broke the window. _Do you know the man? The man spoke at the meeting yesterday._ The girl is my cousin. The girl is

11、watering the flowers . _who / whom / that 作賓語：( 可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now. _The boy is my friend. I m looking for the boy. _The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night.小結(jié)：that 既可指_，也可指_，作_，不能_；作_，可以省略。which指_，作_，不能_；作_，可以省略.who 指_，作_，

12、不能_；作，可以省略,（常用whom）注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定語從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。有時只能用 that , 不用 which, 常見的情況有六種當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teach

13、er asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修飾時。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以 who 或 which開頭時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用 that,

14、 而不用 which 或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.whose 作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman._A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan

15、( 孤兒).A. who B. whose C. whos D. Which找出下列句子中的定語從句Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain .Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Its the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.The e-mail _ I received yesterd

16、ay was from my sister.I hate people _ talk much but do little.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and

17、things _ you talked about just now.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.Say all _ you know.Is there anything _ I can do for you?4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.6.Who is

18、 the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.合并下列的句子1.He is the young writerHe wrote the book2.The foreign guest is MrGreenYou saw him at the school gate3.Ive received the bookFather sent it to me.4. Do you see the bridge?It was built last year 5.The bike was n

19、ot good.You wanted to buy it This is the comrade _ will go to the south with us tomorrow.2. Whos the student _ the teacher is talking with?3. I like the present _ youve sent to me.4. The nurse _ we talked about can speak English well.5. This is the most difficult job _ weve ever done.6. He has a boo

20、k _ price is high.7 He lives in a house _ doors are made of wood.8 This is the writer _ books sell well.1、 元音 前元音： i: i e i: i: 音標(biāo)特征: 前元音 舌位高 不圓唇 長元音 發(fā)音要訣: 舌前部抬得最高，牙齒近乎全合。舌尖抵下齒。 舌前部向硬顎盡量抬起,但比漢語普通話 “i”音稍低, 沒有摩擦。 嘴唇向兩旁伸開,成扁平行. 做微笑狀,發(fā) i: 長音。 注意:“:”是長音符號,長元音往往比它相應(yīng)的短元音長兩倍以上。 發(fā)音組合: e ee ea ie ei 代表單詞: me

21、he we even bee feel breeze deep free seat beat lead tea eat reason grief believe achieve receive conceive i 音標(biāo)特征: 前元音 半高音 扁平唇 短元音 發(fā)音要訣: 舌前部比i:稍低,比e高，舌尖抵下齒,嘴唇扁平分開。 牙床也開得稍大一些比 i:稍寬,比 e 窄。 上下齒之間的距離大約可以容納一個小指尖。 使下顎稍稍下垂,舌前部也隨之稍稍下降,即可發(fā)出短促 i 音發(fā)音組合: i 代表單詞: sit bit kick pick wish 音標(biāo)對比: i: i seat sit beat bi

22、t sheep ship e 音標(biāo)特征: 前元音 半高音 不圓唇 短元音 發(fā)音要訣: 舌尖抵下齒, 舌前部稍抬起, 舌后接近硬顎, 比 i: 低。 牙床也開得半開半合,比 i: 寬,整體做微笑狀。 上下齒之間的距離大約相當(dāng)于一個食指尖。 發(fā)音組合: e ea a 代表單詞：pen ten best beg egg net bread heaven marry any many 音標(biāo)對比： i e sit set lift left did dead 音標(biāo)特征: 前元音 低舌音 不圓唇 短元音 發(fā)音要訣: 舌前部最低，雙唇向兩旁平伸,成扁平行 牙床開的最大。軟顎升起, 唇自然開放 上下齒之間的距

23、離大約相當(dāng)于一個食指加中指。 發(fā)音組合: a 代表單詞: cap map bad mad bank thank lamp 音標(biāo)對比: e beg bag met mat 前元音小結(jié)： 英語中有四個前元音，即： i: i e 發(fā)前元音時必須注意： 1) 舌尖要抵住下齒。 2) 舌前部向硬顎部分抬起。 3) 雙唇不要收圓，發(fā) i: i e 時雙唇平展，發(fā) 時口形要張大，扁唇。 4) 唇形舌位保持不變，否則就要發(fā)成雙元音。 中元音：: 所謂中元音是指發(fā)音時要使用舌中部。 也就是說舌中部要向硬腭抬起，舌尖要抵住上齒，口型圓。 : 音標(biāo)特征：中元音 半高音 不圓唇 長元音 發(fā)音要訣：舌身平放, 舌中部稍微