定語從句習題

1、1定語從句. 定語從句的基本知識1. 用一個句子修飾一個名詞，被修飾的名詞叫“先行詞”，這個句子叫“定語從句”， 定語從句也叫形容詞性從句，因為形容詞的基本功能是作定語修飾名詞。定語從句必須有引導詞，引導詞叫“關系詞”。關系詞必須在從句中作成份，叫作關系詞具有句法功能；關系詞在從句當中作賓語（賓語包含及物動詞的賓語和介詞的賓語）的時候可以且經(jīng)常省略，但是省略不等于沒有。關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞，關系代詞在從句當中作主語、賓語 、表語及定語；關系副詞在從句當中作狀語。先行詞和關系詞之間有逗號的是“非限制性定語從句”，沒有逗號的是“限制性定語從句”。關系副詞有：when, where, why

2、。關系代詞有：who, that, which, who 的賓格形式為whom, 所有格賓格形式為whose。2. 如果先行詞是人，關系詞要么用 who（ 賓格形式為whom）, 要么用that；如果先行詞不是人，關系詞要么用that, 要么用which。who, that, which 都是關系代詞。3.關系代詞 which 和that 都可以擔當介詞的賓語，但是which 可以且經(jīng)常和介詞連用，that 不能和介詞連用；prep + which 引導的定語從句，prep + which 相當于一個關系副詞，在從句當中作狀語。prep + which引導的定語從句從表面看考的是定語從句，其實

3、質(zhì)考的是介詞的搭配，介詞要么和先行詞配，要么和從句中的某一個詞配。4. that 不能引導非限制性定語從句，which 可以且經(jīng)常引導非限制性定語從句，which 引導非限制性定語從句的時候，不管which 在從句當中作何成份，which 都不能省略；which 引導的非限制性定語從句有時候可以用整個句子作為先行詞。5.關系詞當中只有一個關系代詞 whose 在從句當中作定語修飾名詞，先行詞可以是人，也可以不是人。6. 關系副詞 when 在從句當中作狀語表時間， 關系副詞 where 在從句當中作狀語表地點, 關系副詞 why 在從句當中作狀語表原因。7.（1） 如果先行詞為不定代詞，或者先

4、行詞受到形容詞最高級 或者先行詞受到序數(shù)詞的修飾的時候，關系詞只能用 that,不能用 which。（2）如果先行詞前面有the only, the very 修飾時，關系詞只能用 that,不能用 which。（3）如果先行詞當中既有人又有物時，關系詞只能that,不能用 which。8.關系代詞作主語的時候必須和先行詞保持一致，也就是說 先行詞是單數(shù)，關系代詞就是單數(shù)；先行詞是復數(shù)數(shù)，關系代詞就是復數(shù)；但是 one of +pl that/ which/ who 引導的定語從句，如果that/ which/ who在從句當中作主語的時候，謂語是復數(shù)；the （only ）one of +p

5、l that/ which/ who 引導的定語從句，如果that/ which/ who在從句當中作主語的時候，謂語是單數(shù)。9.those who+ 句子= those people who+ 句子注意：英語的特征是主語短，謂語長。如果主語帶有定語 從句，經(jīng)常把主語的定語從句后置放在謂語后面。 定語從句考試 經(jīng)?？嫉氖沁x擇關系詞，答題原則是：缺什么成分，選什么性質(zhì)的關系詞，但是 還要分清先行詞。 what 不是關系詞，不能引導定語從句，它要么引導名詞性從句，要么引導感嘆句。e.g.（1）The boy（whom/ who）you saw last night is my brother。注意

6、：在口語當中可以用who 代替whom，如果作介詞的賓語，只能用 whom。（2）This is the house（which / that） Mr. Wang once lived in. = This is the house where Mr. Wang once lived.= This is the house in which Mr. Wang once lived.（3）He is a man who/ that means what he says.（4）The car that /which was stolen has been found.（5）Mr. Smith ,

7、who was my former teacher, retired last year.（6）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（7）He rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（8）Please pass me the book whose cover is green.（9）This is the very car（that）she is dreaming of.（10）All that is needed is a supply of oil.（1

8、1）Tom is the only one of the staff members who is going to be promoted.習題 （1）The class needs a monitor_. A. whom everyone has confidence on B. who everyone has confidence of C. for whom everyone has confidence D. in whom everyone has confidence 空格部分是含有關系詞的定語從句，但是這個題實質(zhì)考的是介詞的搭配，正確答案只能是D注意： have confid

9、ence in +n 意思是：對有信心， confidence 為u lose confidence in +n 意思是：對喪失信心 show confidence in +n 意思是：對表現(xiàn)出信心 lack confidence in +n 意思是：對缺乏信心 be confident of + n 意思是： 相信 confident 是confidence的形容詞形式（2）His sitting room is lined with all kinds of books, _ he has ever read. A. none of B. of which C. none D. none

10、of which空格部分是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，A和C是錯的，定語從句缺賓語，B 是錯的,正確答案只能是D（3）They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, _was something we had not expected. A. that B. this C. it D. which空格部分是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，正確答案只能是D注意：which 引導的非限制性定語從句,可以用整個句子作為先行詞。（4）Margaret spent all the even

11、ing talking about her latest book, _ none of us had ever heard. A. that B. which C. of what D. of which空格部分是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，A和C是錯的，定語從句不缺主語、賓語和表語，B是錯的, 正確答案只能是D注意： heard the book 不成立，heard of the book 成立 hear of / about+ n 意思是：聽說（5）The investigation, _ will soon be published, was made by Professor Smit

12、h.A. at which the results B. the results on which C. of whose results D. whose results A和B是錯的，因為介詞沒有匹配對象；C是錯的，因為 of 和whose 都表所屬關系；正確答案只能是D注意：whose +n = the+ n+ of which， 此處whose results= the results of which（6）Ford proposed a system _each worker would have a special job to do. A. that B. in which C.

13、 which D. at which空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句不缺主語、賓語和表語，C是錯的；system 搭配介詞in , 正確答案只能是B（7）The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. A. it B. that C. what D. where空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺主語, 正確答案只能是B（8）Much_ I have read has been nonsense.A. that B. which C. whichever D. whatever空格部分是限制性定語從句

14、的關系詞，定語從句缺賓語, 先行詞為不定代詞，正確答案只能是A（9）I m going to spend the winter vacation in Shanghai, _ I have some relatives. A. because B. which C. that D. where空格部分是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺狀語, 正確答案只能是D（10）This is the most exciting film _ I have ever seen up to now. A. that B. which C. whom D. who空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺

15、賓語, 先行詞受到形容詞最高級的修飾，正確答案只能是A（11）The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺主語, 正確答案只能是A （12）The factory_ well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺賓語, 正確答案只能是C（13）T

16、his is the hotel _ last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. that they stayed D. where they stayed 空格部分是含有關系詞的限制性定語從句，B是錯的，因為that不能和介詞連用；定語從句缺狀語, A和C是錯的，正確答案只能是D（14）All _ is peace and progress. A. what is needed B. which is needed C. that is needed D. for our needs空格部分是含有關系詞的限制性定語從句

17、, A是錯的, 先行詞為不定代詞, B是錯的, D 結構不對，正確答案只能是C（15）That is the very old woman _ house was burned down last night.A. which B. her C. of who D. whose 空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺定語, 正確答案只能是C（16）The only thing _interests me is the progress of my students.A. what B. that C. which D. it 空格部分是限制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺主語, 先行詞為不

18、定代詞, 正確答案只能是B（17）Pandas can be seen in Sichuan Province, _ there grows a kind of bamboo _ pandas live. A. which which B. in whichthat C. wherethat D. where on which第一空是非限制性定語從句的關系詞，非限制性定語從句缺狀語，A是錯的 第二空是限制性定語從句的關系詞， 限制性定語從句缺狀語，B和C是錯的；正確答案只能是D （18）I often dream of Paris, but Ive never been there. Its

19、the place _. A. where Id like to visit B. that I want to visit it most C. in which Id like to visit D. I most want to visit空格部分是含有關系詞的限制性定語從句, 定語從句缺賓語，正確答案只能是D注意：此題的 關鍵是 visit 是 vt 需要有賓語（19）Alva found a place in the cellar_ he uses as his first laboratory. A. where B. which C. what D. in which空格部分是限

20、制性定語從句的關系詞，定語從句缺賓語，正確答案只能是B（21）This is one of the best books _on the subject. A. that have ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has ever been written D. whatever have been written 空格部分是含有關系詞的限制性定語從句, D是錯的；先行詞為one of the best books, 關系詞作主語, 謂語是復數(shù), C是錯的；先行詞受到the best 的修飾，B是錯的；正確答案

21、只能是A（22）She is the only one among the _ writers who _ stories for children. A. womanwrites B. womenwrite C. women writes D. woman write第一空考的是：man和woman修飾名詞的時候，修飾語和被修飾語在數(shù)上必須一致，e.g. a woman teacher, two women teachers憑這一點A和D是錯的；第一空是定語從句的謂語, 先行詞為the only one, 關系詞作主語, 謂語是單數(shù), 正確答案只能是C（23）This is the best

22、 one of automobiles that _ in working order. A. is B. are C. had D. have 空格部分是定語從句的謂語, 先行詞為the best one of automobiles, 關系詞作主語, 謂語是單數(shù), B和D是錯的, 定語從句是主系表結構，正確答案只能是A.別的類型的定語從句 1. that 一般是關系代詞，在從句當中作主語、賓語和表語，但是在特殊的先行詞后面，that 是個關系副詞，在從句當中作狀語。 that 用作關系代詞，只有在從句中作賓語的時候才可以省略，用作關系副詞可以且經(jīng)常省略 。 （the）reason 但當先行

23、詞，如果從句當中缺主語、賓語或者表語，定語從句用關系代詞 that / which 引導；如果從句當中缺狀語，定語從句用關系副詞 that / why/ for which引導, 如果關系副詞 that 和why 同時出現(xiàn)，why 正確。（1）No one here believes the reason that / which he gave for his lateness.定語從句當中的 gave 缺賓語， 用關系代詞 that / which 引導（2）The reason why /（that）/ for which she was late this morning is unk

24、nown to me.定語從句當中的缺原因狀語，用關系副詞why /（that）/ for which 引導.注意：the reason for + n = the cause of + n ,因此是for which 表時間的名詞擔當先行詞，如果從句當中缺主語、賓語或者表語，定語從句用關系代詞that / which 引導；如果從句當中缺狀語，定語從句用關系副詞 that / when / prep + which引導；如果關系副詞 that 和when 同時出現(xiàn)，when 正確。 e.g. The day when / on which /（that） she got married is

25、 a day （which /that）she will always look back on though her children have grown up and also got married.習題（1）We have not fixed the date _we shall start our holiday. A. and B. that C. when D. which 先行詞是表時間的名詞，從句缺狀語，定語從句用關系副詞that / when引導，that 和when 同時出現(xiàn)，when 正確，正確答案是C（2）The time has come _ we can mak

26、e extensive use of nuclear energy. A. when B. while C. as D. since（5）Thats the reason _ Ann could not do her part of the job. A. that B. of C. because D. why先行詞是the reason, 從句缺狀語, A和D都對，最佳是 D（6）No one here believes the reason _ he gave for his lateness. A. that B. why C. for which D. what 先行詞是the re

27、ason, 從句缺賓語, 正確答案只能是A（7）The reason _ he failed the exam was _ he had not worked hard. A. whyif B. whythat C. thatwhy D. whywhat第一空是定語從句的關系詞，先行詞是the reason, 從句缺狀語； 第二空是表語從句的引導詞，the reason 作主語，表語從句只能用 that引導, 憑第二空只能是that, 正確答案只能是B 2. as 引導的定語從句，翻譯成：正如，正像，as 在從句當中作主語、賓語、表語，有時作狀語。此時的先行詞為整個主句，從句和主句用逗號隔開，

28、可以是主句在前，從句在后，也可以從句在前，句主在后。習題（1）_is mentioned in some of his stories, the author was brought up in a small village. A. It B. What C. That D. As as 引導的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是D （2）_is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. A. Which B. What C. That

29、D. As as 引導的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是D（3）A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _ was to be expected. A. that B. what C. so D. as as 引導的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是D（4）_ is true everywhere in the world, you can rent a room by the day, week, month, or year. A. Like B. As C. The same as D. Such as as 引導

30、的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是B（5）_ is known to all, haste makes waste.A. What B. That C. As D. Which as 引導的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是C注意：be known to sb 意思是：被/ 為 sb 所知道（6）_can be judged from her appearance, she is a simple girl with no pretension. A. What B. Which C. That D. Asas 引導的定語從句, as作主語，正確答案只能是D. The young m

31、an cheated his friend of much money, _ was really disgraceful. （2015年真題A 卷第8題） A. it B. who C. that D. which2._ is known to all, English is one of the most widely used languages in international communication. （2015年真題A 卷第33題） A. As B. Which C. That D. Who3. It is the third time that she has won the

32、 race, _surprised us all. （2014年真題第6題） A. that B. where C. which D. what4. Her sister always spends so much _ her clothes that she cant manage to live with her salary. （2014年真題第29題） A. for B. in C. at D. on5. Since five courses are provided, you are free to choose _ one that suits you best. （2014年真題

33、第33題） A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever6. There are fifty students in the class; half of_ are from the United States. （2014年樣題第8題） A. them B. which C. whom D. those 7. They are always on good_ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. （2014年樣題第23題） A. friendship B. relati

34、ons C. terms D. intentions8. The young man cheated his friend of much money, _ was disgraceful. （2013年真題第36題）A. it B. who C. that D. which9._is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. （2013年樣題第6題） A. It B. As C. That D. What10. He is always really rude, _ is why people

35、 tend to avoid him. （2013年樣題第7題） A. that B. it C. this D. which11. Mr. Smith is a painter, _ I should also like to be. （2013年樣題第8題） A. that B. which C. who D. it12. I broke my relationship with John because he was always finding _with me. （2013年樣題第33題） A. error B. mistake C. fault D. failure13. You

36、are allowed to have just half an hour, after_ you are supposed to submit your exam paper. （2011年真題第22題）A. what B. which C. when D. that14. No one here believes the reason _he gave for his lateness. （2010年真題第36題）A. that B. why C. for which D. what15. What he has done shows that he is not a man_.（2009

37、年真題第26題）A. whom you can believe B. that you can believeC. whom you can believe in D. what you can believe in16._is mentioned in some of his stories, the author was brought up in a small village. （2008年真題第22題） A. It B. What C. That D. As17. The class needs a monitor_.（2008年真題第36題） A. whom everyone ha

38、s confidence on B. who everyone has confidence ofC. for whom everyone has confidence D. in whom everyone has confidence18. His boss is constantly finding _with him, which makes him very angry. （2006年真題第1題） A. fault B. error C. shortcoming D. flaw19._is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged

39、weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. （2006年真題第8題） A. Which B. What C. That D. As20. His sitting room is lined with all kinds of books, _ he has ever read. （2006年真題第32題） A. none of B. of which C. none D. none of which21. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days

40、 ahead of schedule, _was something we had not expected. （2006年樣題第11題） A. that B. this C. it D. which22. They always keep on good _ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. （2005年真題第7題） A. friendship B. terms C. relations D. relatives23. Margaret spent all the evening talking about her

41、latest book, _ none of us had ever heard. （2005年真題第16題） A. that B. which C. of what D. of which24. The investigation, _ will soon be published, was made by Professor Smith. （2005年真題第34題） A. at which the results B. the results on whichC. of whose results D. whose results25. Ford proposed a system _ea

42、ch worker would have a special job to do.（2003年真題第1題）A. that B. in which C. which D. at which26. The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. （2002年真題第31題） A. it B. that C. what D. where27. This is the book _ I was telling you just now. （2002年真題第32題） A. about that B. in that C. in w

43、hich D. about which28. Much_ I have read has been nonsense. （2002年樣題第24題）A. that B. which C. whichever D. whatever29. The goals _he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after which B. with which C. for which D. at which30. Ted worked like a horse in his youth, _contributed to

44、 his great success later as a businessman.A. that B. who C. what D. which31. He will never forget the days _ he spent in Japan. A. when B. after C. that D. how32. _is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production. A. What B. It C. As D. That 33._can be judged from her appearance, she is a simple girl with no pretension.A. What B. Which C. That D. As34. This is the same knife _ I lost yesterday.A. which B. what C. like D. as35. The house_ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. in what C