Lecture 4 prose translation

1、Translation of Prose Writings nBest of timesnIt was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope

2、, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.n(Excerpt from A Tale of Two Cities)n這是一個(gè)最好的時(shí)代，也是一個(gè)最壞的時(shí)代；這是明智的年代，這是愚昧的年代；這是信任的紀(jì)元，這是懷疑的紀(jì)元；這是光明的季節(jié)，這是黑暗的季節(jié)；這是希望的春日，這是失望的冬日；我們面前應(yīng)有盡有，我們面前一無(wú)所有

3、；我們都將直下地獄 nDozens of my books were purchased with money which ought to have been spent upon what are called necessities of life. Many a time I have stood before a stall, or a booksellers window, torn by conflict of intellectual desire and bodily need. n對(duì)照譯文：我的成打成打的書都是用了該花在生 活必需品上的錢買來(lái)的。不止一次我站在書攤，或是書店

4、的櫥窗前，經(jīng)受精神需要和物質(zhì)需要的沖 突的折磨。n 參考譯文：鄙人所購(gòu)的許多書籍，所用之款 本應(yīng)用于所謂生活必需品。我時(shí)常留連于書攤前或是書店的櫥窗前，在心智渴念與口腹之欲 的矛盾中受盡煎熬。 n（1）不過(guò)在中國(guó)，文字里有一個(gè)不過(guò)在中國(guó)，文字里有一個(gè)“秋士秋士”的的成語(yǔ)，讀本里又有著很普遍的歐陽(yáng)子的成語(yǔ)，讀本里又有著很普遍的歐陽(yáng)子的秋聲秋聲與蘇東坡的與蘇東坡的赤壁賦赤壁賦等，等，就覺得中國(guó)的文人，就覺得中國(guó)的文人，與秋的關(guān)系特別深與秋的關(guān)系特別深。 n （郁達(dá)夫，（郁達(dá)夫，故都的秋故都的秋）n譯文：譯文：Chinese men of letters seem to be particularl

5、y autumn-minded.n譯文中巧妙地運(yùn)用復(fù)合詞譯文中巧妙地運(yùn)用復(fù)合詞“autumn-minded”，既準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了原文的意思，又簡(jiǎn)潔明了。既準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)了原文的意思，又簡(jiǎn)潔明了。n在在故都的秋故都的秋一文中，作者通過(guò)對(duì)北國(guó)的槐樹、秋蟬、秋雨、秋果、一文中，作者通過(guò)對(duì)北國(guó)的槐樹、秋蟬、秋雨、秋果、秋之人的描寫，從視覺、聽覺、觸覺、味覺等多個(gè)角度展現(xiàn)了作者對(duì)秋之人的描寫，從視覺、聽覺、觸覺、味覺等多個(gè)角度展現(xiàn)了作者對(duì)秋的秋的深沉、幽遠(yuǎn)、嚴(yán)厲、蕭索深沉、幽遠(yuǎn)、嚴(yán)厲、蕭索的深刻感悟。的深刻感悟。n（2）古人所說(shuō)的梧桐）古人所說(shuō)的梧桐一葉而天下知秋的遙想，而天下知秋的遙想，大約也就在這些深沉的地

6、方。大約也就在這些深沉的地方。 （郁達(dá)夫，故都的秋）（郁達(dá)夫，故都的秋） nThe same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that a single fallen leaf from the Wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumns presence.n（3）Books of voyages and travels became my passion, and in devouring their contents I neglecte

7、d the regular exercises of the school. 譯文1 我最愛讀的書是游記旅行之類，廢寢忘食讀這種閑書，把學(xué)校里的正課練習(xí)都給耽誤了。 譯文2 描寫海與陸的游記成了我的酷嗜，寢饋其中，致廢課業(yè)。 分析 譯文2在遣字措辭上的功夫和善于白文結(jié)合的特點(diǎn)使得譯文干凈利索，遒勁練達(dá)。n4 At the very hour of dinner, when my stomach clamored(大聲要求） of food, I have been stopped by sight of a volume so long coveted, and marked at so ad

8、vantageous a price, that I could not let it go: yet to buy it meant pangs of famine.n對(duì)照譯文：到用晚餐的時(shí)間，當(dāng)我的肚子餓得咕嚕咕嚕直叫的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)因?yàn)榭吹揭槐疚乙严胍鄷r(shí)的書籍而停住勒腳步。樹上標(biāo)著很合算的價(jià)格，我實(shí)在是不能錯(cuò)過(guò)這個(gè)大好的機(jī)會(huì)，但是如果我買下了這本書籍，那便意味著我將經(jīng)受挨餓的痛苦。n參考譯文：某日正當(dāng)進(jìn)餐之時(shí)，我饑腸轆轆饑腸轆轆，步步履卻為一書所止履卻為一書所止，此書令我心儀已久，而標(biāo)價(jià)竟如此誘人，實(shí)不忍失之交臂不忍失之交臂。然而，購(gòu)之便意味著忍饑挨餓。n咕嚕咕嚕直叫，一個(gè)滑稽，一個(gè)文雅

9、n（5）The long slender bars of cloud float like fishes in the sea of crimson light. 譯文1 條條纖云在絳色霞光中飄揚(yáng)，如海中游魚般。 譯文2 那里萬(wàn)道霞光，宛如無(wú)數(shù)錦鱗，正浮沉翔游于金光熠耀的猩紅海洋。 分析 四字結(jié)構(gòu)是漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)形式中一個(gè)極重要的組成部分.正是通過(guò)四字結(jié)構(gòu)的使用，才使得譯文二更加豐滿，并極富色彩的變化，讓人讀起來(lái)有壯麗華美之感。nYouth me a n s a tempera-mental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite

10、 for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. n譯文：青春氣貫長(zhǎng)虹，勇銳蓋過(guò)怯懦，進(jìn)取壓 倒茍安。如此銳氣，二十后生而有之，六旬 男子則更多見。年歲有加，并非垂老，理想 丟棄，方墮暮年。 nWhether 60 or 16, there is in every human beings he

11、art the lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of whats next and the joy of the game of living. n譯文：無(wú)論年屆花甲，抑或二八芳齡，心中 皆有生命之歡樂(lè)，好奇之沖動(dòng)，孩童般天 真久盛不衰。 n（6）昨晚上甜蜜的私語(yǔ)，今朝的冷清的露珠。）昨晚上甜蜜的私語(yǔ)，今朝的冷清的露珠。（郭沫若，（郭沫若，路畔的薔薇路畔的薔薇Wayside Roses）n譯文：譯文：Last nights whispers of love; this mornings drops of dew.n譯文保留了原文

12、的語(yǔ)序和格式，字?jǐn)?shù)也相當(dāng)。譯文保留了原文的語(yǔ)序和格式，字?jǐn)?shù)也相當(dāng)。結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)稱很好地體現(xiàn)了原文的風(fēng)格。結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)稱很好地體現(xiàn)了原文的風(fēng)格。n如果譯為如果譯為“Theres whispers of love last night, and drops of dew this morning.”結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)上的對(duì)稱和語(yǔ)義上的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比就無(wú)法體現(xiàn)。構(gòu)上的對(duì)稱和語(yǔ)義上的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比就無(wú)法體現(xiàn)。n（7）花瓶我沒有。）花瓶我沒有。n（郭沫若，（郭沫若，路畔的薔薇路畔的薔薇）n譯文：譯文：Flower vase I had none.n譯文也保留了原文的語(yǔ)序，字?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)等。譯文也保留了原文的語(yǔ)序，字?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)等。n比譯為比譯為“

13、I have no flower vase.”更好地體現(xiàn)更好地體現(xiàn)了原文的風(fēng)味，而且更具有文學(xué)韻味了原文的風(fēng)味，而且更具有文學(xué)韻味。n（8）燕子去了，有再來(lái)的時(shí)候；楊柳枯了，）燕子去了，有再來(lái)的時(shí)候；楊柳枯了，有再青的時(shí)候；桃花謝了，有再開的時(shí)候。有再青的時(shí)候；桃花謝了，有再開的時(shí)候。（朱自清，（朱自清，匆匆匆匆）n張培基譯文：張培基譯文：If swallows go away, they will come back again. If willows wither, they will turn green again. If peach blossoms fade, they will

14、flower again.n原文中是三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)類似的平行結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)原文中是三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)類似的平行結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間是一去不復(fù)返的。時(shí)間是一去不復(fù)返的。 n（9）連夜雨雪，一點(diǎn)星光都看不見。）連夜雨雪，一點(diǎn)星光都看不見。 （冰心，雨雪時(shí)候的星辰）（冰心，雨雪時(shí)候的星辰） nIt had been snowing all night, not a single star in sight.n譯文似乎比原文還譯文似乎比原文還“雅雅”， s 押頭韻，押頭韻， night 與與 sight 押腳韻，音韻美盡顯其中，充押腳韻，音韻美盡顯其中，充分體現(xiàn)了譯者的美學(xué)思想。分體現(xiàn)了譯者的美學(xué)思想。 n (Star

15、s on a Snowy Night)n（10）母親說(shuō)：）母親說(shuō)：“讓它荒蕪著怪可惜讓它荒蕪著怪可惜，既然你，既然你們那么愛吃花生，就辟來(lái)做花生園罷。們那么愛吃花生，就辟來(lái)做花生園罷。”n （許地山，（許地山，落花生落花生）nMother said, “Its a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so much, why not have them planted here.”(張培基張培基)n原文前半句原文前半句 “讓它荒蕪著怪可惜讓它荒蕪著怪可惜”非常口語(yǔ)化，文字淺顯非?？谡Z(yǔ)化，文字淺顯易懂，風(fēng)格樸實(shí)無(wú)

16、華，譯文照顧到英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，用易懂，風(fēng)格樸實(shí)無(wú)華，譯文照顧到英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，用it作形作形式主語(yǔ)，采用式主語(yǔ)，采用It s a pity to do sth的句型，的句型，to let it lie waste既符合原意，也符合原文風(fēng)格。既符合原意，也符合原文風(fēng)格。n（11）我們幾姊弟和幾個(gè)小丫頭都很喜歡）我們幾姊弟和幾個(gè)小丫頭都很喜歡買買種的買種，動(dòng)土的動(dòng)土，灌園的灌園；種的買種，動(dòng)土的動(dòng)土，灌園的灌園；過(guò)不了幾過(guò)不了幾個(gè)月，居然收獲了個(gè)月，居然收獲了!許地山，許地山，落花生落花生）nThat exhilarated us children and our servant girls as w

17、ell and we soon started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months! （張培基）（張培基）n采用采用“start + ing”形式，一方面使得語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，另形式，一方面使得語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，另一方面在視覺上增添了動(dòng)感，仿佛把讀者帶到了孩一方面在視覺上增添了動(dòng)感，仿佛把讀者帶到了孩子們風(fēng)風(fēng)火火的勞動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。子們風(fēng)風(fēng)火火的勞動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。nWe children and the little maids

18、ervants were all delighted. Some of us bought seeds, some dug up the plot and others watered it. In just a few months we had a harvest.（楊憲益、戴乃迭）nAt that my brother, sister and I were all delighted and so were the young housemaids. And then some went to buy seeds, some began to dig up the ground and

19、others watered it and, in a couple of months, we had a harvest! （劉士聰）YouthnYouth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the dee

20、p springs of life.n青春不是指生命的一段時(shí)間，而是指一種精神狀態(tài)；他并不是指紅潤(rùn)的面頰、透紅的嘴唇和靈便的腿腳，而是指堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志、豐富的想象和強(qiáng)烈的感情。他是指生命的源頭活水的清新之感。n青春不是年華，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙熱的戀情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。nYouth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite, for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists i

21、n a man of sixty more than a body of twenty. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. n青春意味著在氣質(zhì)上勇敢多于怯懦，冒險(xiǎn)進(jìn)取多于舒適茍安，這在60歲的老人中往往比在20歲的青年人中更為常見。人之變老不僅由于年歲的增長(zhǎng)，我們之變老常常是因?yàn)榉艞壛藢?duì)理想的追求。n青春氣貫長(zhǎng)虹，勇銳蓋過(guò)怯弱，進(jìn)取壓倒茍安。如此銳氣，二十后生而有之，六旬男子則更多見。年歲有加，并非垂老，理想丟棄，方墮暮年。2002年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)年全國(guó)英語(yǔ)專業(yè)

22、八級(jí)考試（考試（TEM8）翻譯）翻譯n(The word “winner” and “l(fā)oser” have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a membe

23、r of a society.) Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be: rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being lovi

24、ng and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.n Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and dont pretend to ha

25、ve all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can adore and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.nWinners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, the

26、y assume responsibility for their own lives.nWinners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be: rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others. n成功者不會(huì)畢生致力于這樣一種概念：即想象自己應(yīng)該成為何種人。相反，他們即他們自己。因此，他們不會(huì)費(fèi)神去裝腔作勢(shì)，故作姿態(tài)，擺布他人。n(長(zhǎng)句：分譯法，四字結(jié)構(gòu))nThey are aware that there is a difference between being lo