牛津譯林八下unit3Grammar28共44張29

1、grammar unit 3online tours一般一般過去時(shí)過去時(shí)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成用法用法常用常用時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語狀語動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式1. 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí) 間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或 存在的狀態(tài)。存在的狀態(tài)。2. 表示過去經(jīng)?；虮硎具^去經(jīng)?；?反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。yesterdaylast nightin 1990two days ago 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)。動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)

2、。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語主語+ have / has + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般疑問句一般疑問句： have / has ? yes, i have. no, i havent. yes, she has. no, she hasnt. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成have /has + v 過去分詞過去分詞助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞否定否定haventhasnt疑問疑問have you?has he?常與下列時(shí)間狀語連用：常與下列時(shí)間狀語連用：just , already, yet,ever, never, before, several timeshe has read that book

3、. (說明他現(xiàn)在知道那本書的內(nèi)容。說明他現(xiàn)在知道那本書的內(nèi)容。)he read that book last year. (只說明他去年讀過那本書。只說明他去年讀過那本書。 )he has gone to america. (他現(xiàn)在不在此地，他現(xiàn)在不在此地， 到美國去了。到美國去了。)he went to america. (只說明他去過美國。只說明他去過美國。) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)

4、作或保存的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用（如：不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用（如：in 1990in 1990，last sunday last sunday 等）。等）。 一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束），它可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。束），它可以和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：have / has + v過去分詞過去分詞i have waited for him fo

5、r many times. 我等他等了好幾次了。我等他等了好幾次了。i have been waiting for him for an hour. 我等他等了一小時(shí)。我等他等了一小時(shí)。he has drunk six cups of coffee. 他喝了六杯咖啡。他喝了六杯咖啡。he has been drinking coffee. 他一直在喝咖啡。他一直在喝咖啡。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)把過去的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)把過去的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來， 一般過去時(shí)只限于表示過去的動(dòng)作本身一般過去時(shí)只限于表示過去的動(dòng)作本身, 與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在 的結(jié)果無關(guān)。的結(jié)果無關(guān)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)在

6、意義上現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)在意義上 的區(qū)別舉例如下：的區(qū)別舉例如下： i have cleaned my room. (my room is clean now.) 我已經(jīng)打掃過我的房間了。我已經(jīng)打掃過我的房間了。 i cleaned my room last week. (i did it in the past.) 我上周打掃了我的房間。我上周打掃了我的房間。 father has gone to amoy. (he went to amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門了。爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門了。 they have bought a dictionary

7、. (they bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他們買了一本字典。他們買了一本字典。注意注意: 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(如如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等等)連用連用，但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(如如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice

8、, recently, lately等等)連用連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(如：如：today, this morning, this week, this year等等)連用連用。there are some differences between the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. we use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. daniel went to beijing two years a

9、go. simple past tense and present perfect tensewe use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. daniel has lived in beijing for two years.we use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. daniel bought a new computer last m

10、onth.we use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. when the action happened is not very important. it may have just happened or happened some time ago.daniel has bought a new computer. (daniel has a new computer now.)mr wu visited canada in 2010 and 2011.we use the simple p

11、ast tense to tell what happened in the past.we use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action h happened till now.mr wu has been to canada twice.we often use these time expressions with the present perfect tense.already ever just recently (not) yetso far up to now until/ till nowtip2

12、we often use these time expressions with the simple past tense.yesterday the other day last ago tip1a simon is showing millie some pictures. complete his sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.differences between the two1.i _(visit) the palace museum with my grandparents the other

13、 day.visited2. i _ (climb) mount huang last summer.climbed3. _ you ever _ (try) the famous tianjin baozi?havetried4. i am happy that i _(learn) to swim.have learntb mr wu is asking the students to make sentences with the correct tenses. help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the

14、words in brackets.1. i _ (finish/just) my homework. millie _ (finish) her homework 20 minutes ago.have just finishedfinished4. i _ (live) in sunshine town since i was born. daniel _ (live) in nanjing in 2007.2. i _ (write) an email to my friend yesterday. daniel _ (write/already) two emails.3. i _(b

15、e) in hainan last month. some of our classmates _ (not be) to hainan yet.wrotehas already writtenwashas not beenhave livedlivedmillie: _ (you/be/ever) to nanjing?simon: yes. i (2)_(be) there three times.millie: when (3)_ (you/go) there last?c millie has never been to nanjing. she is asking simon abo

16、ut the city. complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words in brackets.have you ever beenhave beendid you gosimon: last summer. i (4)_ (spend) a week there.millie: (5)_ (you/like) it?simon: oh yes. i (6)_ (have) a great time there. i (7)_ (visit) many places of interest and (8)_ (e

17、at) lots of local food.millie: lucky you! i (9)_ _ (be/never) there.spentdid you likehadvisitedatehavenever beensaturday, 15 marchhave you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport? yes, you can realize your dream by taking an online tour. yesterday daniel _ me an onlined millie

18、is writing about the usa in her diary. complete her diary entry with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.be buy read returnsee showshowedtour of the usa. i (2)_never_ so many wonderful pictures before.last week, i _ a book about the places of interest in the usa. i (4)_ 20 pages already. its r

19、eally interesting. my dad (5)_ just_ from the usa, but i (6) _ never _ there. i hope i can visit the usa some day.have seenboughthave readhas returnedhave beeni. 改寫句子。改寫句子。1.my father came back from the bookshop just now. my father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.he began to learn chinese in 2001. he _ _

20、 chinese since 2001.3.the film began two minutes ago. the film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.he has had the motorbike for two years. its two years _he _ the motorbike. he _ the motorbike two years _. two years _ _ since he _ the motor bike.hasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been on sinceboughtboughtagoha

21、s passedbought1. we _ (plant) trees last sunday. so far we _ (plant) over 300 trees there. 2. a terrible earthquake _ (happen) in wenchuan on may 12, 2008.3. he _ (work) here since last year.ii. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。plantedhave plantedhappenedhas worked4. _ you _ (is) to the united states? not

22、yet. but i _ (go) to canada a few years ago.5. last year i _ (go) to the theatre every week.6. in 1995, there _ (be) a very big race.7. last sunday i _ (get) up very late.8. he _ (teach) in our school for 30 years. have beenwentwentwasgothas taughtiii. 翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1. 上周六你去世界之窗了嗎？上周六你去世界之窗了嗎？ _ _ l

23、ast saturday?2. 在最近的在最近的5年當(dāng)中，這個(gè)城市發(fā)生了年當(dāng)中，這個(gè)城市發(fā)生了 巨大變化。巨大變化。 _ _ in the last five years.3. 我弟弟從未出過國。我弟弟從未出過國。 my brother _ abroad before. did you go to the window of the worldgreat changes have happened in this cityhas never been4. 我在這學(xué)校已學(xué)習(xí)兩年多了。我在這學(xué)校已學(xué)習(xí)兩年多了。 i _ at this school _ _.5. 你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？你已找到你的

24、鋼筆了嗎？ _ your pen yet?6. 他去那兒已有他去那兒已有6個(gè)月了。個(gè)月了。 he _ for six months.7. 他他6個(gè)月前去過那兒。個(gè)月前去過那兒。 he _ 6 months ago. for over two yearshave studiedhave you foundhas been therewent there8. 她成為一名護(hù)士已經(jīng)三年了。她成為一名護(hù)士已經(jīng)三年了。9. 我五年前就認(rèn)識(shí)李雷了。我五年前就認(rèn)識(shí)李雷了。10. 那些相片我已經(jīng)寄給他了。（那些相片我已經(jīng)寄給他了。（post）11. 我來到這個(gè)學(xué)校后，他就一直教我。我來到這個(gè)學(xué)校后，他就一直教我

25、。12. 我剛丟了我的歷史書。我剛丟了我的歷史書。 單選。單選。1. paul and i _ tennis yesterday. he did much better than i. (2011北京北京) a. play b. will play c. played d. are playing2. mr. black is going to marry a girl he _ in japan last year. (2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭內(nèi)蒙古包頭) a. meets b. met c. has metd. would meet考題鏈接考題鏈接3. have you ever been to

26、 canada? yes, i _ there last year with my parents. (2011浙江麗水浙江麗水) a. have been b. have gone c. went d. go4. my aunt is a writer. she _ more than ten books since 1980. (2011北京北京) a. writes b. wrote c. has written d. will write5. how time flies! several years _ since we started our middle school life.

27、 we will keep the pleasant experiences in our minds. (2012黑龍江哈爾濱黑龍江哈爾濱) a. have pass b. has passed c. will pass6. where were you last saturday? i _ in the capital museum. (2012北京北京) a. am b. will be c. was d. have been 7. i have been to shanghai. i _ there last month. (2012天津天津) a. go b. went c. have gone d. will go8. what did you do last night? i _ tv and read books. (2013湖南婁底湖南婁底) a. watch b. watched c. have watched9. he _ for ten years. (2013四川雅安四川雅安) a. has been married b. married c. got married d. has married 10. julies father _ to london last month. he _ there three times. (2