(完整word版)過去進(jìn)行時(總5頁)

1、過去進(jìn)行時1 定義及結(jié)構(gòu)定義表示過去在某一時間段或某一段時間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài).結(jié)構(gòu)was/were +Ving2 句型結(jié)構(gòu)句型：主語+was/were+doing+其它We were having supper when the phone rang：主語+was/were+not+doing+其它This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.：Was/Were+主語+doing+其它答語：Yes,主語+was/were.或No主語+wasn't/werent.Were you playing basketball at four

2、 yesterday afternoon?Yes, we were./No,we werent.：+一般疑問句+其它What were you doing at four yesterday afternoon?時間標(biāo)志this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while,at that time.last night,last saturday或者與when,while,as引導(dǎo)的過去時間狀語連用My brother fell while he was riding

3、his bicycle and hurt himself;It was raining when they left the station;When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.口訣主語在前were/was在后,現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走,其他成分不可丟.變一般很簡單,把were/was提到句子前,否定句也不難,be后要把not添.還有一點要注意,動作提問doing替.3 過去進(jìn)行時的用法用法用法例句1. 表示過去某一時間正在進(jìn)

4、行的動作時間標(biāo)志：then,at that time,when,while,as等.He fell asleep when he was reading.2.表示按計劃、安排過去將要發(fā)生的事.用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞時,也可以用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作.He told me（that）he was going soon.3.表示與相似,過去進(jìn)行時也可表示滿意、稱贊、驚訝、厭惡等感情色彩,也通常與always,forever,continually,often,constantly等連用They were always quarrell

5、ing.The girl was always changing her mind.4.表示現(xiàn)在主要是為了使語氣委婉、客氣【注】也有類似用法,但比較而言,用過去進(jìn)行時顯得更客氣,更加不肯定如想問起一段時間怎樣度過時.用過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)要用比一般過去時顯得有禮貌.I was wondering if you can give me a lift.What were you doing before you came here？（你來這里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do before you came here？聽起來有禮貌。另一方面,What were you doing in

6、 my room？（你在我的房間里干什么來著？）可能表示這樣一種情感：我認(rèn)為你沒有權(quán)利在我的屋子里.但 What did you do in my room？卻毫無這種含義5.be的過去進(jìn)行時也可表示過去一時的表現(xiàn)或暫時的狀態(tài)補充：when 的后面加,而且動詞是短暫性動詞,while 的后面加過去進(jìn)行時,動詞是同省同留比較：He was friendly.他很友好（過去長期如此）He was being friendly.他當(dāng)時顯得很友好（指當(dāng)時一時的表現(xiàn)）6.過去進(jìn)行時還可以和when結(jié)構(gòu)遙相呼應(yīng),含有意外之意I was walking in the street when someone

7、called me.不宜使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的動詞（A） 表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動作：like,love, hate, care,remember,believe,think,know,hope,want,mind,wish,agree,mean, need,prefer（B）表存在的狀態(tài)的動詞：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on,own,be（C）表示一時性動作的動詞：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete（D）表示感官的動詞系動詞時：see, hear, notice,

8、feel, smell, sound, taste, look但是,做實意動詞動詞時,可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時.如果hear 不表示“聽見”的意思時,可用進(jìn)行時.They are hearing an English lecture.他們在聽一個英語講座.The doll feels very soft.（系動詞）注意have （has ）當(dāng)“擁有”講時,無進(jìn)行時態(tài).但當(dāng)have （has ）當(dāng)“吃飯、開會玩得愉快”等意思時,可用進(jìn)行時.We are having a good time.我們玩得很愉快.when、while、as用法作用例句when可與延續(xù)性和短暫性動詞連用.Sorry,I was

9、out when you called me.（call為短暫性動詞）when從句的謂語動詞可以在主句謂語動作之前,之后或同時發(fā)生.When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.（finish先發(fā)生）When I got to the airport,the guests had left.（got to后發(fā)生）在將來時從句中,常用when,且從句需用一般時代替將來時.（主將從現(xiàn)）You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.When the manager c

10、omes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.when用于表示“一.就.”的句型中（指過去的事）Sb had hardly/scarcely done sth.when=Hardly/Scarcely had sb done sth.whenI had hardly/scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly/scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.

11、Be doing.whenBe about to do.whenHad just done.whenWe were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to go out/on the point of going out when it suddenly began to rain heavily.He had just finished his work when the clock struck 12.as只和延續(xù)性動詞連用.The student took notes as they listened.（listen

12、為延續(xù)性動詞）as從句的謂語動作必須是和主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生.She came up as I was cooking.(同時)The runners started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時)主從句動作同時進(jìn)行,從句動作的時間概念淡化,而主要表示主句動作發(fā)生的背景或條件時,只能用as,這時as表示“隨著.”“一邊.一邊.”As the time went on,the weather got worse.（隨著）The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases.（隨著）As years t

13、o by,China is getting stronger and richer.（隨著）The little girls sang as they went.（一邊.一邊.）The sad mother sat on the roadside,shouting as she was crying.（一邊.一邊.）while只和延續(xù)性動詞連用.Strike while the iron is hot.（is為延續(xù)性動詞,表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)）while從句的謂語動作必須是和主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生.While he is writing on his textbook,I am eating an

14、 apple.(同時發(fā)生)表示轉(zhuǎn)折You like tennis,while Id rather read.（然而）主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生,且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時,三者都可以使用When/While/As we are dancing,a stranger came in.（dance是延續(xù)性動詞）When/While/As she was making a phone call,I was writing a letter.（make為延續(xù)性動詞）4 過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別時態(tài)一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時動作完成否表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成She wrote a let

15、ter to her friend last night.（信寫完了）表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成（）She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信（信不一定寫完）時間標(biāo)志句中有a moment ago之類的短語一般用一般過去時句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類的狀語一般用過去進(jìn)行時5 現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成口訣現(xiàn)在分詞很好記,動詞后綴-ing.直接加、去e加、雙寫加.還有一點要注意ie要用y來替.現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則原形-ing形式一般在動詞原形

16、末尾加-ingwash,catch,sleep,study,work,jump,go,push,play,cook,look,speak.washing,catching,sleeping,studying,working,jumping,going,pushing,playing,cooking,looking,speaking.以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉e,再加-ingmake,ride,take,dance,write,arrive,drive,move,live,come,have.making,riding,taking,dancing,writing,arriving,dri

17、ving,moving,living,coming,having.以重讀閉音節(jié)（重讀閉音節(jié)是所謂的元音字母不是發(fā)它本身的字母音）結(jié)尾的動詞，如果末尾只有一個輔音字母,應(yīng)先雙寫這個字母,再加-ingsit,get,swim,cut,put,begin,open,listen,stop,run,fit,forget.sitting,getting,swimming,cutting,beginning,opening,listening,stopping,running,fitting,forgetting.少數(shù)幾個以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，要變ie為y,再加-ingtie,die,lietying,dyi

18、ng,lying.以ic結(jié)尾的動詞,要把ic變成ick再加ingpicnictrafficpicnickingtrafficking【大展身手】1Hey，look where you are going! 0h，Im terribly sorry AIm not noticing B1 wasnt noticing CI havent noticed DI dont notice2He his leg when he in a football match against another schoo1 Abroke；played Bwas breaking；was playing Cbroke

19、；was playing Dwas breaking；played3Excuse me，sirWould you do me a favor? of courseWhat is it? I if you could tell me how to fill out this form Ahad wondered Bwas wondering Cwould wonder Ddid wonder4Mary a dress when she cut her fingerAmake Bis making Cwas making DMakes5The last time I Jane she cotton

20、 in the fields Ahad seen；was picking Bsaw；picked Chad seen；picked Dsaw；was picking6Tom into the house when no one Aslipped；was looking Bhad slipped；lookedCslipped；had looked Dwas slipped；looked7. The reporter said that the UFO _east to west when be saw it. （2000全國）Awas travelling Btravelled Chad bee

21、n traveling Dwas to travel.8. You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport.（04福建）Awas waitingBhad waitedCam waitingDhave waited9. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. Where was I? You _ you didnt like your fathers job. （04北京春季） A. had saidB.

22、said C. were sayingD. had been saying10. Whats wrong with your coat? Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me _ on it. （05重慶卷） A. sat B. had sat C. had been sitting D. was sitting11. The manager had fallen asleep where he _, without undressing. （05安徽卷） A. was laying B. was lying

23、 C. had laid D. had lied12. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _. （05遼寧卷） Ahas done Bhad done Cwas doing Dis doing13. Has Jack finished his homework yet? I have no idea；he it this morning.A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did14. Did he notice you enter the room? I do