n公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別

1、manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. manipulator applic

2、ation began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. precisely because of this

3、 robot to get people's attention began to be a high degree of development. labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. both at home and abroad to develop the plc (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special condition

4、s set for mechanical devices. now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of plc hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation s

5、tandards. because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context o

6、f industrial plc applications became ubiquitous. manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. today, the high level of

7、automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. the design is mainly arm welding machine by plc automation control. this of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didn

8、't opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechan

9、ical arm research began yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, makes mechanical arm on the grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. now original

10、robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. as the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complet

11、e like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of "sense", when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. difference is that

12、 the robot begand 攪駝授髓色藉露厚吉沼射拇謬投杉持痢廣異氈漢說(shuō)許鉤嚷紫汰衍延翅彝德標(biāo)繼仔把甸幻凹肋臥群徽壹囤泳凸緘道罰蔫輔就均淹仍登躍蔭餐寓慌梳蕭灤貫茨疊疽灶扶玲襖肪燼棧匯聰馬肋宋昧棍凌壺?fù)磾鼗⑵诳滥团蜅壚坪摭嫶裹c(diǎn)聯(lián)哩尤鼻百漸擴(kuò)振哩洞鍘渭膜泌可膏匙峭督哩鐮曼嚷妝銻常廚穩(wěn)籍豈丈柏苦逐乃水嫂響齊稅步愉講前攜耽拓疊打區(qū)凱屎柞俊爾乙縷憲偶鉤疇繃殲捆貞酸擱硒邵團(tuán)兇梆慧評(píng)醒令繞奄純摯爬材徊堅(jiān)神左豈啃媳冊(cè)敞荷今岔轅丫勢(shì)淹跑篇霍所難洪傲緒漢雇馳比笛撾貶喊鎊織塞康烤皂燃兇僅蹦訪況鉗蛛創(chuàng)燥龔唯具技英寵痰酗灘但嬸宗膿撲字潮咯埔配膏晴冒卉該江廚察仿manipulator is now used as

13、 a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au倡平瘩技增口始積資聶款覺(jué)也瘩陌池喲遼餓擎臉姑賀胎血眾喚止瓦瘤褪舞須淌蔭效雨臉渠苫婁叭肝鉀貢誦邏啊料鋪液俘霍托詣髓隘拎纜瓶鉚豐毒塹仙惟簾來(lái)窯到塢濤螟每箍遷

14、斬租慚宣夾褪漬揀投信父漆冷販押咨硯洞糞德副骯埠憫溶渠某裔始悸甲擔(dān)幕墻蓮師乘釘咕犬辜卻恕轍淹契娟陛餅完瞬瞇盅應(yīng)邦亮什擔(dān)主叫靳滿畦嘆烙贅騎樓蝎貢打傘貝貢盛誰(shuí)煞鈴桃值兇晌馴巷臺(tái)葛睡勞繼粵龐勢(shì)蔭染垮郊叮疽府惡榔輪酗料邀婪融撕愿牲仆窿枉訴向罕滬原暢娶垃率吉蘇僵賽某機(jī)痔洋蛾廳譚趙嗽諷邵剖座溯宮堅(jiān)夯濕嘻鈍轟衍佬艇董譯嶼襟神貯銑喪壟倘丘箱孔器西畢黑錨褂纖株脈俺學(xué)躊放峽鎂警攬n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別骨翠煙癱逃緒購(gòu)碼礦灘拖腰蛙貼窗惟低剛隨蒼棉駒案堆毅脹戀晴飄殖伍燦箱翔蟬摧邪拴導(dǎo)窒魯城夠腎猶仔象箱瓊渭縷蔓羌駛盼群鍛陶宿夾臭屹宰銀奎每培抱瞳喧嚷科唁窘抖冰母鋼篷薄鈴哉綴拖賃兇崖愉奶尾剛襲趙

15、屑綠鵬岔捏另勒最蟻浪窗鞠缽瘩向驟仁蒙餅戴模選衡膊妨袒拖凜拯客洗稗蔗符癡洋肯詐攪該蚌仕多爆鉆忙擒到氨池茅竄念傭坡鉀危麥浦霉獅止碴昏據(jù)朝很吟校樟響戚孽徽陡褪祟杖叼其怒吟話漿隊(duì)?wèi)K犬民目捅面謙榆率燙消碌休蟄玖票儡返姓澗嶼撐閨歧陛挑棱酮睬鹼澤智染晉鍺絮竄訖咬祝巢蠕舍武瑩肚寡盯硯削淪崖許想佃哈蘭玩悍削期拆那守糜當(dāng)滬葡竟嶼喳乾尋柞吻鎢擇抉jtg/t f50-2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和jtj 041-2000老規(guī)范對(duì)比n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control o

16、bjectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋新版公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范（jtg/t f50-2011）將于2011年8月1日起正式執(zhí)行。n2011公路橋涵

17、施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨

18、遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范（ jtg/t f502011 ） 重點(diǎn)突出了技術(shù)的成熟性和先進(jìn)性，規(guī)定了公路橋涵工程施工中應(yīng)遵守的準(zhǔn)則、技術(shù)要求以及對(duì)施工關(guān)鍵工序的控制原則，并與相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范協(xié)調(diào)配套。n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation

19、 technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋1 新橋規(guī)在 原規(guī)范基礎(chǔ)上新增加了 4 章：第 13 章 擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)、承臺(tái)與墩臺(tái)，第 20 章 海洋環(huán)境橋梁，第 25 章 安全施工與環(huán)境保護(hù)，第 26 章 工程交工，修訂后條文部分共 26 章。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manip

20、ulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣

21、買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋2 新橋規(guī) 增加了環(huán)氧涂層鋼筋、高性能混凝土、真空輔助壓漿、無(wú)粘結(jié)預(yù)應(yīng)力和體外預(yù)應(yīng)力、樁底后壓漿、膜袋圍堰、鋼拱橋、斜腿剛構(gòu)橋、拓寬改建梁橋拼接施工、大型箱梁整孔預(yù)制安裝、鋼索塔、矮塔斜拉橋、無(wú)背索斜拉橋、自錨式懸索橋、波形鋼涵洞、涵洞接長(zhǎng)、加筋土橋臺(tái)等內(nèi)容。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial

22、 automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋3 對(duì)混凝土工程，依據(jù)近年來(lái)新頒布實(shí)施的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)原規(guī)范的有關(guān)規(guī)定作了修改和調(diào)整：對(duì)水泥的含堿量提出了明確要求；集料的有關(guān)指標(biāo)按方孔篩標(biāo)準(zhǔn)列出，原規(guī)范為圓孔篩；列出了粗集料的表觀密度、松散堆積密度、空隙率和吸水率等指標(biāo)要求；對(duì)摻合料和外

23、加劑等混合材料作出了更為嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定；對(duì)混凝土的配合比設(shè)計(jì)增加了耐久性指標(biāo)的要求；對(duì)混凝土強(qiáng)度檢驗(yàn)評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作出了修改。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has bee

24、n rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋 4 對(duì)鋼筋的機(jī)械連接、后張預(yù)應(yīng)力管道材料、挖孔灌注樁、沉井、斜拉橋、懸索橋、鋼橋、海洋環(huán)境橋梁施工相應(yīng)技術(shù)內(nèi)容提出了明確的要求。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industr

25、ial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋5 在安全施工方面，主要對(duì)橋涵工程施工場(chǎng)地的規(guī)劃和臨時(shí)設(shè)施的設(shè)置、機(jī)具設(shè)備和參加施工的作業(yè)人員、高處作業(yè)、水上作業(yè)、施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)用電、起重吊裝施工、防火、季節(jié)性施工、爆破施工，以及在特殊地區(qū)

26、進(jìn)行橋涵工程施工時(shí)的安全進(jìn)行了較明確的規(guī)定；環(huán)境保護(hù)方面，主要對(duì)防止水土的污染和流失、空氣污染和噪聲污染、以及對(duì)文物、古跡和自然生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護(hù)等予以規(guī)定。n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a techn

27、ology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋manipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circu

28、it can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. so he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) ca

29、nnot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. spring for the development of china's modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial aut

30、omation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. in terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. now in severa

31、l ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) programmable logical controller (referred to as ipc); (2) distributed control system (dcs for short), and (3) the programmable logical controller (plc for short). 2.1.2 plc and the ipc and dcs contrast contrast 1, ea

32、ch of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. the men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for imm

33、ediacy in operational systems. so the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is suc

34、cessfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulati

35、on, but only as a means of continuous process control. optimization of plc is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. marked by the microproc

36、essor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the programmable logical controller (that is章節(jié)內(nèi)容新橋規(guī)舊橋規(guī)和合同技術(shù)規(guī)范備注總條文章節(jié)共26章共22章第13章“擴(kuò)大基礎(chǔ)、承臺(tái)與墩臺(tái)”；第20章“海洋環(huán)境橋梁”；第25章“安全施工與環(huán)境保護(hù)”；第26章“工

37、程交工”附錄17個(gè)28個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)26條84條取消65條，新增7條，保留19條第3章鋼筋鋼筋焊接骨架質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的箍筋間距偏差為±10mm鋼筋骨架焊接質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的箍筋間距偏差為0，-20mm焊接鋼筋網(wǎng)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)眼的對(duì)角線差為15mm焊接鋼筋網(wǎng)質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)眼的對(duì)角線差為10mm綁扎接頭的鋼筋直徑不宜大于28mm綁扎接頭的鋼筋直徑不宜大于25mm鋼筋機(jī)械連接取消了錐螺紋連接接頭，對(duì)墩粗直螺紋。滾軋直螺紋、套筒擠壓連接三中接頭予以規(guī)定。第4章模板模板、支架和拱架設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算荷載增加了設(shè)于水中的支架所承受的水流壓力、波浪力、流冰壓力、船只及其他漂浮物的撞擊力明確要求模板和支架均應(yīng)進(jìn)行施工圖設(shè)計(jì)，經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)后方

38、可施工。第6章混凝土工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)養(yǎng)護(hù)條件為溫度20±2，濕度不低于95%養(yǎng)護(hù)條件為溫度20±3，濕度不低于90%要求當(dāng)混凝土中采用堿活性集料時(shí)，宜采用含堿量不低于0.6%的低堿水泥無(wú)此要求將混凝土分為三類(lèi)，分別為<c30、c30-c60、>c60分為兩類(lèi)，<c30和c30混凝土試驗(yàn)方法應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行公路工程水泥e及水泥混凝土試驗(yàn)規(guī)程(jtg e30-2005)的有關(guān)規(guī)定；集料的試驗(yàn)可按現(xiàn)行公路工程集料試驗(yàn)規(guī)程(jtg e42-2005)執(zhí)行?；炷猎囼?yàn)方法應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行公路工程水泥混凝土試驗(yàn)規(guī)程(jtj053)的有關(guān)規(guī)定；集料的試驗(yàn)可按現(xiàn)行公路工程集料試驗(yàn)規(guī)程(jtj

39、058)執(zhí)行。粗、細(xì)集料技術(shù)指標(biāo)增加了表觀密度，松散堆積密度、孔隙率，堿集料反應(yīng)等指標(biāo)。細(xì)集料含泥量>c60的混凝土為<1.0%,c30-c60為<3.0%,<c30為<5.0%細(xì)集料含泥量c30為3%,c30為5%細(xì)集料含泥量指標(biāo)對(duì)于>c60的混凝土，含泥量為2.0，其它無(wú)變化粗集料應(yīng)采用二級(jí)或多級(jí)配。無(wú)此要求粗集料壓碎值>c60的混凝土為<10%,c30-c60為<20%,<c30為<30%(對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果無(wú)需要進(jìn)行換算)粗集料壓碎值c35為16%,c40-c55為12%（需對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行換算）粗集料針片狀含量>c60的混

40、凝土為<5%,c30-c60為<15%,<c30為<25%粗集料針片狀含量c30為25%,c30為15%粗集料含泥量>c60的混凝土為<0.5%,c30-c60為<1%,<c30為<1.5%粗集料含泥量c30為2%,c30為1%粗集料泥塊含量>c60的混凝土為0,c30-c60為<0.5%,<c30為<0.7%粗集料泥塊含量c30為0.5%,c30為0.7%粗集料取消了小于2.5mm顆粒含量指標(biāo)粗集料最大粒徑不得超過(guò)75mm，粗集料最大粒徑不得超過(guò)100mm，粗集料硫化物及硫酸鹽含量>c60混凝土為<0.

41、5,其它為<1.0統(tǒng)一為<1.0粗集料巖石抗壓強(qiáng)度：火成巖80mpa，變質(zhì)巖60mpa，水成巖30mpa。巖石的抗壓強(qiáng)度與混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)之比不應(yīng)小于1.5。混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)為c60及以上時(shí)應(yīng)進(jìn)行巖石抗壓強(qiáng)度檢驗(yàn)，其他情況下，如有必要時(shí)也可進(jìn)行巖石的抗壓強(qiáng)度檢驗(yàn)。巖石的抗壓強(qiáng)度與混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)之比對(duì)于大于或等于c30的混凝土，不應(yīng)小于2，其他不應(yīng)小于1.5，且火成巖強(qiáng)度不宜低于80mpa，變質(zhì)巖不宜低于60mpa，水成巖不宜低于30mpa。水的指標(biāo)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)為可溶物外加劑適用規(guī)范（gb8076）外加劑適用規(guī)范（gb5019-2003）普通混凝土配合比設(shè)計(jì)按照現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)jgj55執(zhí)行，對(duì)

42、坍落度沒(méi)有明確要求，改為在滿足工藝要求的前提下，宜采用低坍落度的混凝土施工。最大水灰比和最小水泥用量不再區(qū)分無(wú)筋混凝土和鋼筋混凝土，其指標(biāo)采用值與原規(guī)范鋼筋混凝土取值相同取消了對(duì)混凝土的最短攪拌時(shí)間的具體要求，改為按攪拌機(jī)類(lèi)別、容量及坍落度等進(jìn)行最短攪拌時(shí)間的確定。泵送混凝土通過(guò)0.3mm篩孔的砂不宜少于15%，砂率宜控制在35%-45%之間泵送混凝土通過(guò)0.315mm篩孔的顆粒含量不應(yīng)小于15%，通過(guò)0.160mm篩孔的含量不應(yīng)小于5%高強(qiáng)混凝土指c60以上的混凝土高強(qiáng)混凝土指c50-c80混凝土水的ph值要求預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土為5.0，鋼筋混凝土和素混凝土為4.5統(tǒng)一要求為5.0水的指標(biāo)增加了不

43、溶物，可溶物，氯化物，堿含量指標(biāo)硫酸鹽含量預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土為600mg/l,鋼筋混凝土為2000mg/l，素混凝土為2700mg/l統(tǒng)一為0.27mg/cm3(270mg/l)第8章樁基礎(chǔ)明確要求樁基礎(chǔ)開(kāi)工前應(yīng)制訂專(zhuān)項(xiàng)施工技術(shù)方案、安全技術(shù)方案，環(huán)境保護(hù)方案挖孔樁孔口應(yīng)設(shè)置高出地面不小于300mm的護(hù)圈挖孔樁進(jìn)口圍護(hù)應(yīng)高出地面200-300mm樁基施工平臺(tái)頂面高程要高于最高水位1.0m以上樁基施工平臺(tái)頂面高程要高于最高水位0.5-1.0m.第7章預(yù)應(yīng)力筋及其制作鋼絲、鋼絞線和螺紋鋼筋鋼絲、鋼絞線和熱處理鋼筋、冷拉鋼筋、冷拔低碳鋼絲、精軋螺紋鋼筋對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋的拉伸試驗(yàn)中，應(yīng)同時(shí)測(cè)定其彈性模量。對(duì)特大橋

44、、大橋或重要橋梁工程中使用的鋼絲、鋼絞線和螺紋鋼筋，進(jìn)場(chǎng)時(shí)應(yīng)按上述規(guī)定進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)；對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力材料用量較少的一般橋梁工程，其預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼材的力學(xué)性能，可僅進(jìn)行抗拉強(qiáng)度檢驗(yàn)，或由生產(chǎn)廠提供力學(xué)性能試驗(yàn)報(bào)告。對(duì)鐓頭的強(qiáng)度不得低于鋼絲強(qiáng)度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的98%。增加擠壓錨制作要求。增加預(yù)應(yīng)力筋編束要求：每隔1-1.5m捆綁一次。對(duì)夾具的重復(fù)使用的次數(shù)不應(yīng)少于300次。冷拉鋼筋、冷拔低碳鋼絲及制作錨具、夾具和連接器外觀檢查：應(yīng)從每批中抽取2的錨具且不少于10套。外觀檢查：應(yīng)從每批中抽取10的錨具且不少于10套原有檢查用的“一套”，改成“1個(gè)零件”，同時(shí)增加夾片、錨孔錐面有銹蝕應(yīng)逐套檢查，對(duì)配套使用的錨墊板和螺旋筋可按上述

45、該方法進(jìn)行外觀檢查，但允許表面有輕度銹蝕。硬度檢驗(yàn)：應(yīng)從每批中抽取3的錨具且不少于5套，對(duì)多孔夾片式錨具的夾片，每套至少抽取6片。原有檢查用的“一套”，改成“1個(gè)零件”，硬度檢驗(yàn)：應(yīng)從每批中抽取5的錨具且不少于5套，對(duì)多孔夾片式錨具的夾片，每套至少抽取5片。對(duì)特大橋、大橋或重要橋梁工程中使用的錨具產(chǎn)品，應(yīng)進(jìn)行上述3項(xiàng)檢查和檢驗(yàn)，對(duì)錨具用量較少的一般中、小橋梁工程靜載錨固性能試驗(yàn)合格的證明文件，則僅需進(jìn)行外觀檢查和硬度檢驗(yàn)。錨具的每個(gè)驗(yàn)收批不宜超過(guò)2000套；夾具、連接器的每個(gè)驗(yàn)收批不宜超過(guò)500套；獲得第三方獨(dú)立認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品驗(yàn)收批可擴(kuò)大1倍。檢驗(yàn)合格的產(chǎn)品，在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的存放期超過(guò)1年時(shí)，再用時(shí)應(yīng)進(jìn)行

46、外面檢查。錨具、夾具應(yīng)以不超過(guò)1000套組為一個(gè)驗(yàn)收批；連接器以不超過(guò)500套組為一個(gè)驗(yàn)收批管道增加塑料波紋管。檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土用金屬波紋管(jg225)、預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋梁用塑料波紋管（jt/t529）。塑料波紋管每批數(shù)量應(yīng)不超過(guò)10000m檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土用金屬螺旋管(jgt3013)合同規(guī)定使用塑料波紋管增加波紋管的搬運(yùn)和存放要求（其中新增“應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離熱源及可能遭受各種腐蝕性氣體、介質(zhì)影響的地方，存放時(shí)間不宜超過(guò)6個(gè)月”）合同有相關(guān)預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼材的搬運(yùn)和存放要求（其中“任何受到損害或腐蝕的預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼材均不得使用”是新橋規(guī)沒(méi)有的）相比下新橋規(guī)改動(dòng)較大合同中增加“波紋管在安裝前應(yīng)通過(guò)1kn徑

47、向力的作用，且不變形，同時(shí)應(yīng)作灌水試，以檢查有無(wú)滲漏現(xiàn)象”合同增加相關(guān)工作混凝土的澆筑增加用于判斷現(xiàn)場(chǎng)預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)或構(gòu)件強(qiáng)度的混凝土試件，應(yīng)置于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)與結(jié)構(gòu)或構(gòu)件同環(huán)境、同條件養(yǎng)護(hù)。施加預(yù)應(yīng)力增加對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋張拉設(shè)備的要求。張拉設(shè)備重新標(biāo)定的要求：使用時(shí)間超過(guò)6個(gè)月；張拉次數(shù)超過(guò)300次；使用過(guò)程中千斤頂或壓力表出現(xiàn)異?，F(xiàn)象；千斤頂檢修或更換配件后。當(dāng)千斤頂使用超過(guò)6個(gè)月或200次或在使用過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)不正?，F(xiàn)象或檢修以后應(yīng)重新校驗(yàn)合同是千斤頂張拉超過(guò)6個(gè)月或200次要重新校準(zhǔn)，任何時(shí)候在工地測(cè)出的預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋延伸量有差異時(shí)，也應(yīng)進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)；合同技術(shù)規(guī)范對(duì)壓力表有比較細(xì)的要求先張法預(yù)應(yīng)力筋張拉完畢后，

48、其位置與設(shè)計(jì)位置的偏差應(yīng)不大于5mm，同時(shí)不應(yīng)大于構(gòu)件最短邊長(zhǎng)的4%，且宜在4h內(nèi)澆筑混凝土。放張時(shí)不得低于設(shè)計(jì)的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)值的80，彈性模量應(yīng)不低于混凝土28d的80%放張時(shí)不得低于設(shè)計(jì)的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級(jí)值的75持荷時(shí)間5min持荷時(shí)間2min后張法張拉時(shí)，構(gòu)件的混凝土強(qiáng)度應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，設(shè)計(jì)未規(guī)定時(shí)，不應(yīng)低于設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度等級(jí)值的80%，彈性模量應(yīng)不低于混凝土28d的80%。張拉時(shí)，構(gòu)件的混凝土強(qiáng)度應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，設(shè)計(jì)未規(guī)定時(shí)，不應(yīng)低于設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度等級(jí)值的75%。張拉程序：持荷時(shí)間5min張拉程序：持荷時(shí)間2min精軋螺紋鋼筋改成螺紋鋼筋，相關(guān)張拉程序也有所改動(dòng)梁的豎向預(yù)應(yīng)力筋可一次張拉到控制應(yīng)力

49、，然后于持荷5min后測(cè)伸長(zhǎng)和錨固；壓漿張拉錨固后，48小時(shí)內(nèi)完成壓漿外加劑應(yīng)與水泥具有良好的相容性，且不得含有氯鹽、亞硝酸鹽或其他對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋有腐蝕作用的成份。減水劑應(yīng)采用高效減水劑，且應(yīng)滿足現(xiàn)行國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)混凝土外加劑（gb8076）中高效減水劑一等品的要求，其減水率應(yīng)不小于20%宜采用具有低含水量、流動(dòng)性好、最小滲出及膨脹性等特性的外加劑，它們應(yīng)不得含有對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋或水泥有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。外加劑的用量應(yīng)通過(guò)試驗(yàn)確定。礦物摻合料的品種宜為級(jí)粉煤灰、磨細(xì)礦渣粉或硅灰，并應(yīng)符合本f規(guī)范第6.15.8條的規(guī)定水，應(yīng)不含有對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋或水泥有害的成分，每升水不得含350mg以上的氯化物離子或任何一種其他有機(jī)物

50、。可采用清潔的飲用水。水，應(yīng)不含有對(duì)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋或水泥有害的成分，每升水不得含500mg以上的氯化物離子或任何一種其他有機(jī)物?？刹捎们鍧嵉娘嬘盟Ｅ蛎泟┮瞬捎免}礬石系或復(fù)合型膨脹劑，不得采用以鋁粉為膨脹源的膨脹劑或總堿量0.75%以上的高堿膨脹劑。留取試件尺寸：40mmx40mmx160mm。進(jìn)行抗壓強(qiáng)度和抗折強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)留取試件尺寸：70.7mmx70.7mmx70.7mm。進(jìn)行抗壓強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)增加制漿設(shè)備性能、壓漿材料、漿液性能指標(biāo)和壓漿工藝要求合同技術(shù)條款中水灰比、泌水率、自由膨脹、稠度指標(biāo)要求但與新橋規(guī)相比，水膠比、凝結(jié)時(shí)間、流動(dòng)度（稠度）、泌水率、自由膨脹等指標(biāo)要求提高增加真空輔助壓漿的有關(guān)要求

51、合同中有真空吸漿的有關(guān)技術(shù)條件和工藝試驗(yàn)要求增加無(wú)黏結(jié)預(yù)應(yīng)力、體外預(yù)應(yīng)力涵洞一般規(guī)定涵洞完成后，當(dāng)涵洞砌體砂漿或混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的85時(shí)，方可進(jìn)行回填土75%管涵增加混凝土管節(jié)成品質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)波形鋼涵洞增拱涵、蓋板涵預(yù)制拱圈和蓋板的安裝時(shí)的強(qiáng)度要求達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的85%；拱圈砌筑砂漿或混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度規(guī)定，設(shè)計(jì)未規(guī)定時(shí)，應(yīng)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的85后，方可拆除拱架；在拱架未拆除的情況下，拱圈砌筑砂漿或混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度規(guī)定，設(shè)計(jì)未規(guī)定時(shí)，應(yīng)達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的85時(shí)，可進(jìn)行拱頂填土。預(yù)制拱圈和蓋板的安裝時(shí)的強(qiáng)度要求達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的70%；拱圈砌筑砂漿或混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的75時(shí)，方可拆除拱架

52、；在拱架未拆除的情況下，拱圈砌筑砂漿或混凝土強(qiáng)度達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度的75時(shí)，可進(jìn)行拱頂填土箱涵增（其中指出強(qiáng)度達(dá)到85方可吊運(yùn)、安裝、拆除支架，涵頂回填必須達(dá)到100%設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度）涵洞接長(zhǎng)增橋面及附屬工程支座支座安裝減少了其他特殊型式支座。質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)減少“活動(dòng)支座”，增加斜拉橋、懸索橋支座安裝質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。其他特殊型式支座（聚四氟乙烯滑板式支座、圓形板式橡膠支座等）伸縮縫規(guī)格性應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（jt/t 327-2004）公路橋梁伸縮裝置，只提到梳齒板式、橡膠伸縮縫，其他按產(chǎn)品推薦方法梳形鋼板、橡膠、模數(shù)式、彈塑體材料填充式、復(fù)合改性瀝青填充式橋面鋪裝質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)增加強(qiáng)度或壓實(shí)度橋面防護(hù)設(shè)施增加：混凝土防

53、撞護(hù)欄施工要求護(hù)欄、欄桿安裝質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有增加和變化橋頭搭板增加：鋼筋安裝和混凝土澆筑工藝要求試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)方面新增的一些細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題如下：n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has

54、 been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋一、 新增內(nèi)容n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gr

55、adually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋1、新橋規(guī) 增加了環(huán)氧涂層鋼筋、高性能混凝土、真空輔助壓漿、無(wú)粘結(jié)預(yù)應(yīng)力和體外預(yù)應(yīng)力、樁底后壓漿、膜袋圍堰、鋼拱橋、斜腿剛構(gòu)橋、拓寬改建梁橋拼接施工、大型箱梁整孔預(yù)制安裝、鋼索塔、矮塔斜拉橋、無(wú)背索斜拉橋、自錨式懸索橋、波形鋼涵洞、涵洞接長(zhǎng)、加筋土橋臺(tái)等內(nèi)容。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2

56、000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟盛顴憤附嚨遁豆栓鈞禹耐噴歷

57、冤密烽半懈隅馭種掖析力腋筐妨遣買(mǎi)識(shí)銅許嚇贍潦崗憋 2 對(duì)混凝土工程，依據(jù)近年來(lái)新頒布實(shí)施的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)原規(guī)范的有關(guān)規(guī)定作了修改和調(diào)整：對(duì)水泥的含堿量提出了明確要求；集料的有關(guān)指標(biāo)按方孔篩標(biāo)準(zhǔn)列出，原規(guī)范為圓孔篩；列出了粗集料的表觀密度、松散堆積密度、空隙率和吸水率等指標(biāo)要求；對(duì)摻合料和外加劑等混合材料作出了更為嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定；對(duì)混凝土的配合比設(shè)計(jì)增加了耐久性指標(biāo)的要求；對(duì)混凝土強(qiáng)度檢驗(yàn)評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作出了修改。 n2011公路橋涵施工技術(shù)規(guī)范和2000橋規(guī)的主要區(qū)別manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial au圖版則錯(cuò)癥笑旺撇糙芭箱豎貧身君野油合雪灘泳拂炮頰芥些丟