非謂語動(dòng)詞-過去分詞

1、 慧眼閃閃慧眼閃閃1) He got worried about losing the money. 2) Sally was so excited at the good news.3)So many thousands of terrified people died.一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語二二、 過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語三、過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語三、過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語總結(jié)：總結(jié)：單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)一般兼有單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)一般兼有 被動(dòng)被動(dòng) 和和 完成完成 的意義，的意義，常放在被修飾詞的常放在被修飾詞的 前面前面 。 一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語1、單

2、個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)一般兼有、單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)一般兼有被動(dòng)被動(dòng)和和完成完成的意義，常作前置定語。的意義，常作前置定語。 eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的動(dòng)物一只迷路的動(dòng)物 a used stamp 一枚用過的郵票一枚用過的郵票 an injured finger 一根受傷的手指一根受傷的手指 a broken coin 一枚破損的硬幣一枚破損的硬幣 a lighted candle 一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭 (1) So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(2)

3、 He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.(3) The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. 【觀察思考】【觀察思考】(1) He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from Lo

4、ndon.(2) He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.總結(jié)：總結(jié)：過去分詞短語過去分詞短語用作定語時(shí)，用作定語時(shí)，一般置于其所修飾的名詞一般置于其所修飾的名詞 之后之后 ，表示，表示 被動(dòng)被動(dòng) 或或 完成完成 意義。意義。其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 定語定語 從句，從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中總結(jié)：過去分詞作總結(jié)：過去分詞作表語表語主要表示主要表示主語主語的的 狀態(tài)或思想感情狀態(tài)或思想感情等。等。二、二、 過去分詞作表語過去

5、分詞作表語The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。茶杯破了。He looked worried after reading the letters. 看完信后看完信后,他顯得很憂慮他顯得很憂慮.1.1.用作用作表語表語的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形形容詞。容詞。2.2.被動(dòng)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng)語態(tài)的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很強(qiáng), ,句子句子主語為動(dòng)作的承受者，主語為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟后面常跟byby短語短語。 The glass was broken. The glass was

6、broken by Tom. The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack.狀態(tài)動(dòng)作動(dòng)作狀態(tài)3.3.表示表示“感覺流露感覺流露”的一些過去分詞的一些過去分詞(如如:interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過去和一些過去 分詞分詞(如如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用常用 作表語作表語,表示狀態(tài)表示狀態(tài).其中有些其中有些僅表示狀態(tài)僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動(dòng)毫無被動(dòng) 意味。意味。 How did the audience re

7、ceive the new play? They got very excited. She was very disappointed to hear the result. Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners. How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results. be prepared to do be devoted to be determined to do be worried about be concer

8、ned about be absorbed in doing/sth be linked to be faced with be buried in 準(zhǔn)備好做某事準(zhǔn)備好做某事 致力于致力于，專心，專心于于 決心做決心做 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心 關(guān)心關(guān)心/擔(dān)心擔(dān)心 專注于專注于 與與相聯(lián)系相聯(lián)系 面對(duì)面對(duì) 專心致志于專心致志于短語積累短語積累IV過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別過去分詞具有過去分詞具有_和和_之意之意 現(xiàn)在分詞具有現(xiàn)在分詞具有_和和_之意之意作定語的區(qū)別作定語的區(qū)別falling leaves / boilding water /developing country falle

9、n leaves /boilded water/developed country作表語的區(qū)別作表語的區(qū)別I am interested in the book.The book is interesting . 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)完成完成主動(dòng)主動(dòng)進(jìn)行進(jìn)行進(jìn)行進(jìn)行完成完成感興趣的感興趣的令人感興趣的令人感興趣的總結(jié)：過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別總結(jié)：過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有現(xiàn)在分詞具有主動(dòng)主動(dòng)_和和正在進(jìn)行正在進(jìn)行之意；過去分詞具有之意；過去分詞具有被動(dòng)被動(dòng)和和完成完成之意；之意； 作表語的區(qū)別作表語的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在分詞具有現(xiàn)在分詞具有令人令人之意；過去分詞具有之意；過去分詞具有感覺感覺之

10、意；之意； 歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)1. 過去分詞作定語時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作在過去分詞作定語時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作在_之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有_意義。此時(shí)，作定語的過去分詞一意義。此時(shí)，作定語的過去分詞一般是由般是由_動(dòng)詞變來的，因?yàn)橹挥写祟悇?dòng)詞變來的，因?yàn)橹挥写祟悇?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。謂語動(dòng)作謂語動(dòng)作被動(dòng)被動(dòng)及物及物Special attention過去分詞作定語過去分詞作定語2. 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞飾的名詞 _。_ 作作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)或完成，其作后置定語，表

11、示被動(dòng)或完成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)_。之前之前過去分詞短語過去分詞短語定語從句定語從句Special attention歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)過去分詞作表語時(shí)，與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成過去分詞作表語時(shí)，與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成_結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和_。 過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語系表系表狀態(tài)狀態(tài)Special attention Step 1 用以下單詞的正確形式填空：worry, interest, arrive, frighten, continue, concern1. Ill be_ to hear what he has to say.2.The mayor sa

12、id that he was _ about the _ rise of the water level in the river bed.3.Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.4.Most of the newspaper seems to be _ with pop stars.5.He was _ of going alone into the empty erestedworriedcontinuedarrivedconcernedfrigh

13、tened【挑戰(zhàn)一】【挑戰(zhàn)一】The Past Participle as the Object Complement三三、過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語的表現(xiàn)形式：賓語補(bǔ)足語的表現(xiàn)形式：帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：某些及物動(dòng)詞某些及物動(dòng)詞（如（如make等）等）+直接賓語（名直接賓語（名詞或代詞詞或代詞）+賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語 能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般都是及物能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞，表示表示被動(dòng)被動(dòng)意義或已意義或已完成完成的意義的意義，有時(shí)候，有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之兩者兼而有之。 1. After waking up

14、, I found everyone gone.2. The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. 3. They found their new bikes stolen. His father named him Doming. They painted their house white. You mustnt force him to go at once.4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.5. We saw her entering the room. (名詞名詞)(形容詞形容詞)（不定

15、式）（不定式）（不定式短語）（不定式短語）(現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語現(xiàn)在分詞或其短語)6. We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 7. We take English as a useful tool for research work.8. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 9. Let the fresh air in.10. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. (過去分詞過去分詞)（介詞短語）（介詞

16、短語）（介詞短語）（介詞短語）（副（副 詞）詞）(從句從句)分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下五類分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下五類: 在在feel, hear, listen to，notice, see, watch，observe, look at,等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。動(dòng)詞之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。I heard Beethovens Ninth Symphony _last night. (play)Yesterday I noticed a little girl _stealing in the shop. (catch)He felt

17、 his collar_ by someone from behind. (pull)playedcaughtpulled Special attention Special attention 2過去分詞用在過去分詞用在get, have, make，let的后面。的后面。 (1) have +賓語賓語+過去分詞表示的兩種情況：過去分詞表示的兩種情況：表表讓某人做某事讓某人做某事/讓某事（被人）做讓某事（被人）做 I have had my bike_ (repair) 表表“遭遇到某種不幸遭遇到某種不幸 The old man had his leg_ in the accident. (

18、break)(2) “make+賓語賓語+過去分詞過去分詞” They managed to make themselves _(understand) in very simple English. Can you make the students_ (understand) the text .repaired. brokenunderstoodunderstand Special attention3.過去分詞用在動(dòng)詞過去分詞用在動(dòng)詞leave, keep, find 后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語The guests left most of the dishes _,becaus

19、e they didnt taste delicious.大部分的飯菜客人都沒有動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗鼈儾豢煽凇４蟛糠值娘埐丝腿硕紱]有動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗鼈儾豢煽?。You should keep me _his whereabouts.你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。I found him_ in a novel.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在埋頭讀一本小說。我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在埋頭讀一本小說。untouchedinformed ofburied4. 表示愛憎表示愛憎 意愿的動(dòng)詞如意愿的動(dòng)詞如want， wish， like， hate等后。如：等后。如： (1) I wanted two tickets reserved. 我

20、要預(yù)定兩張票。我要預(yù)定兩張票。 (2) He didnt wish it mentioned. 他不愿這事被提起。他不愿這事被提起。Special attention5.過去分詞用在過去分詞用在“with+賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語” (1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來了兇手被帶進(jìn)來了,他的雙手被綁在背他的雙手被綁在背后。后。(表方式表方式) (2) With water _, we can see the steam. 水一水一被加熱被加熱,我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。我們就會(huì)看到

21、水蒸氣。(表?xiàng)l件表?xiàng)l件) (3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得事情得到解決到解決,我們都回家了。我們都回家了。(表原因表原因) (4)She stood in front of him, with her eyes _his face. 她站在他面前她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他。眼睛注視著他。 (5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然舉著手站了一會(huì)兒。他仍然舉著手站了一會(huì)兒。Special attentionheatedfixed onLets do so

22、me exercises!I had my hair _yesterday. (cut)cut The house is broken. Please get the house _ (mend) now.mendedI saw them _ in the rain. ( catch)caughtunfinishedMy mother never allows me to play computer games with my homework _.（finish）用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Im afraid I cant make myself _ (unde

23、rstand) clearly without explaining the question.2. The manager was happy to see all of the problems _ (settle) so quickly.understoodsettled 3. When I entered the office, I found the window _ (break) and the computer _ (steal).4. James had some flowers _ (send) to Sarah on her birthday.brokenstolen s

24、ent Errors: It was getting dark; I found a car sticking in a pool by the side of the road. Im sorry to have kept you waited for me. Dont worry. Ill have it to type and get someone to send it to you tomorrow. He had trouble making himself understanding.5. With the hills covering with fallen leaves, t

25、he town looks more beautiful.stuckwaitingunderstoodunderstoodcoveredtypedtyped注意：注意： 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 seat, hide, dress 等的過去分詞等的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動(dòng)的作賓語補(bǔ)足語一般表示狀語而不表示被動(dòng)的意義意義, 因此因此, 雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主雖然賓語與它們存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系動(dòng)關(guān)系, 但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)但也只能用它們的過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。足語。如如: When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the

26、 corner.我進(jìn)來時(shí)我進(jìn)來時(shí), 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生的女孩坐在角落里。發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生的女孩坐在角落里。u(to) do/ v-ing / pp. 作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別： I saw him take away the dictionary just now. (拿走了那本字典) I saw him taking away the dictionary on the desk. (正在拿那本字典) I saw the dictionary taken away by a child. (字典被拿走了)(to) do 動(dòng)作全過程已結(jié)束動(dòng)作全過程已結(jié)束 v.-ing 動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行pp. 表被動(dòng)完成表被

27、動(dòng)完成 I often hear the girl _ this English song in her room.2. The girl is often heard _ this English song in her room.3. I hear this English song _ in her room.4. This English song was heard _ by the girl in her room.5. I heard the girl _ this English song in her room when I passed by.sing to singsungsungsinging用用sing的正確形式填空。的正確形式填空。1. The managers discussed the plan that 1. The managers discussed t