高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解-語(yǔ)言文化

1、語(yǔ)言文化語(yǔ)言文化 (二十三二十三)A. most commentators agree with Dr. JohnsonB. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observationC. the comment was accurate two hundred years agoD. English conversations usually start with the weather1.The author mentions Dr. Johnsons comment to show that.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句由第一段第二句

2、Such a fixation withcomment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather. ”可知，人們見(jiàn)面喜歡可知，人們見(jiàn)面喜歡談?wù)撎鞖?。談?wù)撎鞖狻. A social trend.B. An emotional state.C. A historical concept.D. An unknown phenomenon.2.What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?B 詞義猜測(cè)題。詞義猜測(cè)題。由詞語(yǔ)所在句由詞語(yǔ)所在句

3、Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood可知可知, Bryson認(rèn)為英國(guó)的天氣實(shí)在認(rèn)為英國(guó)的天氣實(shí)在讓人郁悶讓人郁悶, 這種這種 (熱衷談?wù)摖顟B(tài)熱衷談?wù)摖顟B(tài)) 實(shí)在讓人難以理實(shí)在讓人難以理解。由此可推出解。由此可推出, 這是一種這是一種emotional state(情感狀情感狀態(tài)態(tài))。A. Bill Bryson has little knowledge of th

4、e weatherB. there is nothing special about the English weatherC. the English weather attracts people to the British IslesD. English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty3. According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that _.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句由第三段最后一句According to him, the weather

5、in England is very changeable and uncertain可知，可知，Jeremy Paxman 認(rèn)為英國(guó)認(rèn)為英國(guó)的天氣陰晴不定，讓人喜歡談?wù)?。的天氣陰晴不定，讓人喜歡談?wù)?。A. To explain what English weather is about.B. To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.C. To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.D. To convince people that the English weat

6、her is changeable.4. What is the purpose of writing the passage?A 主旨大意題。主旨大意題。由最后一段最后一句由最后一段最后一句In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.可知，英國(guó)人將談?wù)撎鞖饪闯梢豢芍?，英?guó)人將談?wù)撎鞖饪闯梢环N社會(huì)的紐帶，這就是解釋了人們見(jiàn)面喜歡談種社會(huì)的紐帶，這就是解釋了人們見(jiàn)面喜歡談?wù)撎鞖獾脑蛄?。論天氣的原因了。fixation n. 固定固定 commentator n. 評(píng)論者評(píng)論者outsider n. 外人外

7、人 misconception n. 謬見(jiàn)謬見(jiàn)find expression in 在在中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)中表現(xiàn)出來(lái) has nothing to do with 與與無(wú)關(guān)無(wú)關(guān)natural phenomena 自然現(xiàn)象自然現(xiàn)象 miss the point 沒(méi)有抓住要領(lǐng)沒(méi)有抓住要領(lǐng)routine greetings 例行問(wèn)候例行問(wèn)候 overcome the natural reserve 克服天生的矜持克服天生的矜持a convincing explanation有說(shuō)服力的解釋有說(shuō)服力的解釋a means of social bonding 社會(huì)聯(lián)系的一種手段社會(huì)聯(lián)系的一種手段復(fù)記強(qiáng)化復(fù)記強(qiáng)化難句

8、理解難句理解Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.”結(jié)構(gòu)分析：結(jié)構(gòu)分析：整個(gè)句子的主干是整個(gè)句子的主干是Such a fixation finds expression。that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.”是個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)是個(gè)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明明comment的具體內(nèi)容

9、。的具體內(nèi)容。漢語(yǔ)大意：漢語(yǔ)大意：這種與天氣相關(guān)的固定模式可以在約這種與天氣相關(guān)的固定模式可以在約翰遜博士的著名評(píng)論翰遜博士的著名評(píng)論當(dāng)兩個(gè)英國(guó)人見(jiàn)面時(shí)，當(dāng)兩個(gè)英國(guó)人見(jiàn)面時(shí)，他們的第一次談話肯定是天氣他們的第一次談話肯定是天氣中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。A. the American bank didnt think much of himB. the American bank might hire another personC. its difficult to get used to American cultureD. its easy to misunderstand American

10、s1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought _.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句That “quite” saddened me和第四句的和第四句的I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased可知作者以為這家美國(guó)可知作者以為這家美國(guó)銀行對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)不高，所以不開(kāi)心。銀行對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)不高，所以不開(kāi)心。(二十四二十四)A. encourages B. helps to narrowC. increasesD. draws att

11、ention to2.The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.D 詞義猜測(cè)題。本句意詞義猜測(cè)題。本句意:人們做事的方式人們做事的方式使我們更加明顯地看到了很多文化差異。使我們更加明顯地看到了很多文化差異。3. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.C. Do things

12、 in our own way.D. Do in-depth research.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them可知?？芍?。4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are _.A. ItaliansB. GermansC. GreeksD. BritishB 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第四句細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第四句If yo

13、u invite people to a party at 7 o-clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany可知德國(guó)可知德國(guó)人通常是準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約。人通常是準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約。A. Language differences.B. Different languages.C. Cultural differences.D. Different cultures.5. What is the passage mainly about?C 主旨大意題。綜合全文內(nèi)容可知本文主主旨大意題。綜合全文內(nèi)容可

14、知本文主要講述了不同國(guó)家的文化差異。要講述了不同國(guó)家的文化差異。hire vt. 雇用雇用 sadden vt. 使傷心；使難過(guò)使傷心；使難過(guò)be kind of 有點(diǎn)有點(diǎn)(=a bit/a little) turn up exactly on time 按時(shí)出現(xiàn)；按時(shí)到場(chǎng)按時(shí)出現(xiàn)；按時(shí)到場(chǎng)it is just a question of 這只不過(guò)是個(gè)這只不過(guò)是個(gè)問(wèn)題問(wèn)題the head of the Personnel Department 人事部門人事部門的負(fù)責(zé)人的負(fù)責(zé)人復(fù)記強(qiáng)化復(fù)記強(qiáng)化A. Love.B. Politeness.C. Joy.D. Thankfulness.1. What

15、 does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure可知?？芍?。(二十五二十五)A. express their emotionsB. experience their emotionsC. “read” others D. smile at others 2. The underlined word “do” in Para. 2 probably means _.A 詞

16、義猜測(cè)題。分析本句的句法結(jié)構(gòu)可詞義猜測(cè)題。分析本句的句法結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的知這里的do是一個(gè)代動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)代動(dòng)詞, 代替前面的謂代替前面的謂語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)。 A. show friendliness to strangersB. be used to hide true feelingsC. be used in the wrong placesD. show personal habits3. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _.B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二

17、句可知。可知。A. Learn about their relations with others.B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.C. Find out about their past experience.D. Figure out what they will do next.4. What should we do before attempting to “read” people?B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的可知推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的可知,我們?cè)谖覀冊(cè)凇白x讀”人們表情的時(shí)候人們表情的時(shí)候, 要理解他要理解他們的文化背景。們的文化背景。 A. Cultural DifferencesB. Smiles and RelationshipC. Facial ExpressivenessD. Habits and Emotions5. What would be the best title f